Bio 2 Test 2

Lignin

A strengthening compound found in cell walls of vascular plants is ____

Unexplored

In chapter 8, Wilson considers the Earth's biosphere to be largely ____

Adaptive Radiation

In chapter seven of E.O. Wilson's book The Diversity of Life, _____ is the term applied to the spread of species of common ancestry into different niches.

The first stage in the diploid sporophyte generation is the zygote

In plant life cycles

Brown Algae

Kelps are ____ with multicellular bodies differentiated into blades, stipes, holdfasts, and gas-filled floats.

Charophytes

Plants probably descended from a group of green algae called ____

Pathogens

Some parasitic protists are important ___ (disease-causing agents) of plants and animals

allow gas exchange for photosynthesis

Stromata

Plankton

The floating, often microscopic organisms that are the base of food webs in aquatic ecosystems are collectively called ____

Angiosperm

The most diverse , successful, and familiar group of plants today are the _____

Cilia

The surface of a paramecium is covered with thousands of short, hair like ______

Two new genetically identical cells that differ genetically from what they were before

This is conjugation in paramecium. What is the outcome of the process illustrate in the accompanying figure?

Flagella

Water molds(Oomycetes) are heterokonts, organisms that have two different kinds of ____

Diatoms

Which algal group contains individuals that are typically unicellular and form siliceous shells?

Fern

Which of the following is a vascular plant?

Ecosystem,Community, Guild, Species, Organism, Gene

According to E.O. Wilson, one important way of describing diversity is by level of biological organization. The organizational levels of importance to biological diversity are in the hierarchy:_____

red algae, green algae, and plants

According to Solomon et al.., the monophyletic supergroup "Archaeplastids" includes

Diploid and haploid stage

Alternation of generations in plants refers to the alternation of _____

Symbiotic

Although many protists are free living, others form stable _____ associations with unrelated organisms. These intimate associations range from mutualism, to commensalism, to parasitism

Pseudopodia

Amoebas move and obtain food by means of ____

Chemohetertrophs

Animals, fungi and most bacteria are known as ____, because they obtain energy from chemicals(typically by redox reaction) and because they cannot fix carbon; they use organic molecules produced by other organisms as the building blocks from which they synthesize the carbon compounds they need.

Amoeboid

Cellular slime molds feed as individual _____ cells

Cilia

Ciliates use ____ for locomotion

Paraphyletic

Given the diversity in protist ultrastructure and molecular data, biologist regard the protists as a ____ group, meaning that some are descendants of a common eukaryote ancestor.

Is caused by the apicomplexan Plasmodium falciparum, that sends part of its life cycle in the Anopheles mosquitoes and part in humans

Malaria

Dinoflagellates

Members of which group known to form blooms known as red tides?

Pathogens

Microorganisms that cause disease are called _____

Conjugation

Most ciliates, such as Paramecium, are capable of sexual process called ____, in which two individuals come together and exchange genetic material

Monoecious

Most conifers have separated male and female reproductive parts on the same tree. This condition is referred as _____

Zooxanthellae

Most dinoflagellates are a part of marine plankton. The ____ are endosymbiotic, photosynthetic dinoflagellates found in certain marine invertebrates; their mutualistic relationship with corals enhances the corals' reef-building ability

Aquatic

Most protists are _____

Multi-Nucleate

Plasmodial slime molds feed as ___ plasmodia

Phytophthora

The Irish potato famine of the 19th century was precipitated by an Oomycete in the genus ___, which causes late blight of potato

Trichonymphs

The ___ are specialized excavates that live in the guts of termites and wood eating cockroaches. The y ingest wood chips from wood the termites and roaches eat and rely on endosymbiotic bacteria to digest cellulose in the wood. The insects, ______ and bacteria all obtain their nutrients from this source. This is an example of mutualism.

Cuticle

The airtight, waterproof, waxy layer that covers aerial parts of plants is the _____

Golden algae

Which group of protists are unicellular, briflagellate stramenopiles that forma a significant portion of the nanoplankton?

Gymnosperms produce seeds born naked while flowering plants produce seeds enclosed within a fruit

Which is the basic difference between gymnosperm and flowering plants?

Keystone

Wilson uses the sea otter as an example of a classic ______ species.

Dictyostelium discoideum (a cellular slime mold)

You find a unicellular organism that forms lobe like pseudopodia. When you expose the cells to cAMP. they aggregate into a slug like structure. Based on this information, you correctly conclude that this organism is known as _______

Plants

_____ have cell wall with cellulose and characteristically obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis using chlorophyll contained in chloroplasts, which gives them their green color. However, some are parasitic and may not produce normal amounts of chlorophyll or photosynthesize. They are also characterized by sexual reproduction, modular and indeterminate growth, and a alternation of haploid and diploid generation, although asexual reproduction is common.