Ch 10 Plant Metabolism

Plants that produce oxaloacetic acid instead of PGA during the dark reactions of photosynthesis are called

C4 plants

In the process of photosynthesis, which molecule becomes reduced?

CO2

Which of the following has been used effectively to "fertilize" plants?

CO2

Which of the following is a summary of photosynthesis?

CO2 + H2O + light --> C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O

Which of the following is synthesized during the light reactions?

NADPH

A temperature rise of 10C can double or even triple respiration rates.

TRUE

ADP molecules can become ATP molecules if a phosphate "group" is added to them.

TRUE

Cytochromes are the principal acceptor molecules in an electron transport chain.

TRUE

Digestion nearly always involves hydrolysis.

TRUE

Heat inactivates most enzymes.

TRUE

Light is believed to travel in individual "packets" called photons.

TRUE

Organisms that cannot use atmospheric oxygen are called anaerobic organisms.

TRUE

Phaeophytin is the electron acceptor molecule in photosystem 2.

TRUE

Photosynthesis can be defined as the conversion of light energy to biochemical energy.

TRUE

Photosynthetic light independent reactions can take place in the light.

TRUE

Pyruvic acid is the starting molecule in fermentation.

TRUE

Resins, gums, oils, and other substances may be manufactured during the process of assimilation.

TRUE

RuBP is a 5-carbon sugar that is continually being formed while photosynthesis is occurring.

TRUE

The carbohydrate produced through photosynthesis is converted to other substances through the process of assimilation.

TRUE

The energy released from a glucose molecule during fermentation is only a fraction of the energy released during aerobic respiration.

TRUE

The shorter the wavelength of light, the greater the energy.

TRUE

A pigment that makes it possible for photosynthesis to take place over a broader spectrum of light than would otherwise be possible is called a/an

accessory pigment

Which of the following is/are not produced during fermentation?

acetylCoA

Metabolism refers to __________________________.

all the metabolic activities that take place in cells and entire organims as a whole

Photosynthesis is an example of a/an _____________ set of chemical reactions in plants.

anabolic

Photosystem pigments that function in gathering and passing light to reaction-center molecules are called

antenna pigments

Fermentation in plants and yeast terminates with the formation of

ethyl alcohol

When a pigment absorbs light, the energy levels of some of the pigment's electrons are raised, with the result that energy may be emitted immediately as light. This is called

fluorescence

In glycolysis

glucose is broken down into simpler compounds

A step in respiration during which sugar is oxidized to pyruvic acid is called

glycolysis

NADPH transports ____________ and __________ from light dependent to light independent photosynthetic reactions.

hydrogen ions; electrons

During digestion links of chains of simple sugars are broken by a process of

hydrolysis

The citric acid cycle _________________.

may occur in cells where photosynthesis is also taking place

The citric acid cycle takes place in the ___________________.

mitochondria

Oxidative phosphorylation takes place when protons flow across the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. This is called

chemiosmosis

The most abundant chlorophyll pigment usually present in plants is

chlorophyll a

The electron transport chain contains a group of iron-containing molecules called

cytochromes

Glycolysis takes place in the

cytoplasm

Which of the following are contained in each photosynthetic unit of photosystem I?

one P700 molecule, small amounts of chorophyll b, carotenoid pigment, 200 or more molecules of chlorophyll a

Most energy transfers in cells involve a linked set of oxidation and reduction reactions. This means that ______________.

one molecule is oxidized and one is reduced in a set of coupled reactions

The first step of glycolysis involves a _____ reaction.

phosphorylation

The splitting of water molecules on the inside of thylakoid membranes during photosynthesis is called

photolysis

The longest wavelengths of light useful in photosynthesis are those of

red light

Photosynthetically active pigments absorb ____________.

specific wavelengths of red and blue light

Photophosphorylation refers to _______________________.

use of energy from light to add a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP

During the light reactions of photosynthesis

water is split by ATP into hydrogen ions electrons, and oxygen

The oxygen liberated by green plants during photosynthesis comes from

water molecules

Which photosynthetic pigment is a precursor of vitamin A?

ß -carotene

During glycolysis

2 NADH molecules are produced from each glucose molecule

The Calvin cycle is also called the

3-carbon pathway

The complete respiration of 1 molecule of glucose produces approximately how many ATP molecules?

36

The energy "currency" of the cell is

ATP

During the light reactions of photosynthesis

ATP molecules are generated

A photosynthetic unit consists of a molecule of chlorophyll a and a molecule of chlorophyll b.

FALSE

CAM photosynthesis is best known in tropical plants.

FALSE

Energy conversion in plants takes place with 100% efficiency unlike energy conversion in machines.

FALSE

Photosynthetic 'light dependent' reactions can take place in the dark.

FALSE

Respiration occurs only in cells where no photosynthesis is taking place.

FALSE

The light most extensively used in photosynthesis consists of wavelengths in the green range.

FALSE

The English biochemist who discovered that a solution of chloroplasts that had been ground up and centrifuged could briefly produce oxygen in the presence of an electron acceptor was

Robin Hill

Which is a reduced molecule?

both [NADPH and FADH2] are correct

CAM photosynthesis occurs mostly in

cacti and succulents

Several accessory pigments function in photosynthesis. Which is found in flowering (higher) plants?

carotenoids

Photooxidation primarily involves the

destruction of chlorophyll by light

Which of the following is/are found in C4 plants?

large chloroplasts with numerous starch grains, high concentrations of PEP carboxylase in mesophyll cells, higher optimum temperatures for photosynthesis than C3 plants, small chloroplasts with well-developed grana

Because it is hard to digest and is toxic to some predators, this molecule protects plants from herbivorous animals.

lignin

Oxidation is the

loss of electrons