Chapter 1-5 Introduction to Sociology 4th edition
Ethnocentrism
Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.
Qualitative
Data in the form of words
Quantitative
Data that is in numbers
HERBET SPENCER
Father of Social Darwinism
Urbanization
Movement of people from rural areas to cities
Globalization (positives and Negatives)
P: better access to goods and services N:Disease pollution and illegal drug
CARL MARX
Stressed class conflict (bourgeoise- have's & proletariat- have not's) believed society should be changed. Founder of control conflict theory . Matrix is not conflict theory. economics was the central force for change
EMILE DURKHEIM
Wrote Rules of Sociological Method - Anomie is a condition in which social control becomes inefficient as a result of the loss of shared values and of sense of purpose in socity
power
ability to get your way despite resitients
global sociological imagination
allows us to see the rapidly changing world
taboo
always laws against it
Conflict Theory
competing groups fighting for scarce resources
MAX WEBER
emphasized that sociology be valued. concerned with large scale organization. specialized division of labor
scientific veiw
examining the relationship between structure and process should be purely scientific
Develop a hypothesis
expect relationships between two or more varibales
Jane Adams
founded the Hull House
Aguste Comte
founder of sociology positivism is the belief that the world can best be understand through scientists inquiry
Indrustrial Revolution
industrialization is the process by which societies are transformed from dependence on agriculture and handmade products to emphasis on manufacturing and related industries (steam engine)
Social Darwinism
is the belief that those species of animals best adapted to their environment survive and prosper --> survival of the fittest
Sociology
is the systematic study of human society and social interaction
symbolic interactions
meanings we attach to give things importance
Symbolic interactions
meanings we attach to things, gives them importance
Enthography
more intense and lengthy of observation
Folkways
norms for routine or casual interaction
norms
rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members
Social reform view
states that as these relationships are discovered, this knowledge should be used to solve social problems
social institutions
systems and structures within society that shape the activities of groups and individuals
Sociological Imagination (C. Wright Mills)
the ability to see the relationships between individual experiences and the larger society
social location
the corners in life that people occupy because of their place in society
cultural relativism
the practice of judging a culture by its own standards
Harriet Martineau
translated comte's work and an advocated for racial and gender equality
functionalisim
view society like human body, each part has a purpose. (manifest- intended functions; latent- unintended functions; dysfunction-not working)
Mores
violation met with severe negative sandtion
