Chapter 1 Music

DJs (disc jockeys)

A person or persons who play records publically or use prerecorded music and samples to make techno, rap, and other forms of music.

R&B (rhythm & blues)

A popular musical genre of African American origin emerging in the 1940s

Mississippi John Hurt (1892-1966)

African American guitarist representative of the songster tradition

Lightning Washington

African American musician who recorded the work song "Long John" in 1934 with fellow convicts

Reverb

An echo effect used in music

Montuno

An improvised and often climactic part of rumba music

Tommy Jarrell (1901-1985)

An influential old-time fiddler and banjo player from Mt. Airy, in the mountains of North Carolina

"Soldier's Joy"

An old-time fiddle tune originating in Europe and influential in the United States

Dink Roberts (1894-1984)

Banjoist and songster known for his repertoire of songs and playing techniques learned from older players and crossing the official color line intended to separate blacks and whites in rural North Carolina

James Gideon (Gid) Tanner (1885-1960)

Chicken farmer and fiddler from northern Georgia who founded and led the Skillet Lickers beginning in 1926

Composer

The author of a piece of music

A term that evokes the channeled flow of "swinging" or "funky" or "phat" rhythms is called a

Groove

José ("El Negro") Ricardo (1888-1937)

Guitarist who worked with Carlos Gardel and demonstrated the importance of Afro-Argentine musicians in the tango tradition

Which of the following is true about the Afro-Cuban rumba?

It accompanies dances featuring sexual role-playing and was originally suppressed by Cuban authorities.

A memorable musical phrase or riff is called a

hook

From which stream of influence does the "high lonesome sound" commonly heard in country music hail?

European American stream

Sharecroppers

Exploited farmers working on land they do not own who were required to buy farming supplies, food, and clothing on credit from a local merchant or plantation store and sell crops back to the merchant to retire debt

Jean Ritchie (b. 1922)

Folk singer and song collector who grew up in an isolated, mountainous region of Kentucky and became an inspiration for the first generation of urban folk musicians playing in the nightclubs and coffee houses of Greenwich Village

The quality of sound, sometimes called "tone color," is

Timbre

Folk music

Traditional music originating in popular culture usually transmitted orally, often related to aspects of social or national identity and frequently of unknown authorship

The Skillet Lickers

Quartet of musicians from northern Georgia founded in 1926 and one of the first southern string bands to appear on commercial recordings

A repeated pattern designed to generate rhythmic momentum is called a

Riff

Which southern string band did James Gideon (Gid) Tanner lead?

Skillet Lickers.

Which Latin dance style did Irene and Vernon Castle and movie star Rudolph Valentino help popularize in the early twentieth century?

Tango

Dialect

The distinctive aspect of language unique to a geographic region, social group, or ethnicity.

slap-back

The distinctive echo of Elvis Presley's early recordings on Sun Records

Rhythm

The musical organization of time

Sampling

The technique of using digitally encoded sound (often from a popular song) to create new musical material (often a new popular song)

Which of the following is true about African American ballads of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

They celebrated the exploits of black heroes and "bad men.".

What role did song pluggers play in the music industry from the nineteenth century until the 1920s?

They promoted songs and convinced big stars to perform them

Mexican immigrants in California played an important role in the development of rock music. (True or False)

True

Dance music

Music designed to accompany or inspire dancing

Carlos Gardel (1890-1935)

Legendary French-born superstar of tango.

Gospel music

A large body of sacred song with texts that reflect aspects of the personal religious experience of Protestant evangelical groups.

Old-time music

A category of music comprising string band music, ballad songs, sacred songs, church hymns, and a variety of functionally specialized music genres such as lullabies and work songs.

Formal analysis

A system of musical interpretation informed by the Western academic tradition and usually applied to written music

Which legendary French-born superstar of tango was inspired by operatic bel canto singing and the criollo songs of the Argentine gauchos?

Carlos Gardel

Which of the following is true about the diddley bow?

It is a musical instrument adapted from the African one-stringed zither

Which of the following is true about Brazilian bossa nova music?

It was popularized in the United States by songs like "The Girl from Ipanema.".