Chapter 10.1
Who wrote "Histoire Naturelle (Natural History) in 1749
Buffon
Who is Charles Darwin's poetic grandfather
ERasmus Darwin
Events such as volcanoes, floods, and earthquakes are the basis of what geologic theory?
Erasmus Darwin
Who thought that a giraffe's long neck evolved from reaching high in trees
Lamarck
Lamarck's ideas of evolution are known as the inheritance of acquired characteristics. What was incorrect about his theory of how organisms evolve?
Lamarck thought that greater use or disuse of a structure or organ would cause changes that could then be passed on to offspring.
Who grouped living organisms into categories based on what they looked like
Linnaeus
E. Darwin
contended that all living things were descended from a common ancestor and that more-complex forms of life arose from less-complex forms
Linnaeus
developed a classification system to group organisms by their similarities, that also reflects evolutionary relationships
In the 1700s, many people believed that species were fixed and did not change. How did plant hybridization-a type of crossing that could be observed in experiments-help change this view
different species could be produced with hybridization, showing that species can change
What is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors
evolution
What word refers to traces of an organism that existed in the past
fossils
Lamarck
proposed that changes in physical characteristics could be inherited and were driven by environmental changes over time
Buffon
suggested that species shared ancestors
Gradualism
the principle that changes observed in landforms resulted from slow changes over a long period of time.
castastrophism
the theory that natural disasters such as floods and volcanic eruptions have happened during the Earth's long history. These events have shaped land forms and caused species to become extinct.
Uniformitarianism
the theory that the geologic processes that shape Earth are uniforms through time.
What two conditions must be true for a group of animals to be considered the same species
they must be able to reproduce and have fertile offspring
What geologic theory can be summarized by the phrase "the present is the key to the past?
uniformitarianism