Chapter 16: Ecology
About 2,00 years ago, the world had about 300 million people by 1800,global population had reached
1 billion
A book written in 1972 by Donella Meadows and her colleagues helped launch the environmental movement. The title of this book is
The Limits to Growth
From a social conflict point of view, our economic and political systems give control of the nation and most of the world to
a power elite
When power plants burn fossil fuels to generate electricity, they release gasses that react with the air and lead to
acid rain
Julian Simon's optimistic position regarding the environment is often described as
anti-malthusian
People claim that "alarmist" thinking about the environment encourages a stronger role for government in our society?
conservative
The most important contribution sociologists make in studying the natural environment is in
demonstrating how technology, cultural patterns,and political and economic arrangements affect the natural environment
Professor Johnson studies how living organisms interact with the natural environment. She is a(n)
ecologist
Which statement is not linked to structural-functional analysis?
environmental hazards are greatest for the poor
The idea that minorities-especially those with low income-face the greatest threats from environmental problems is at least of which theory?
environmental racism theory
The Greek meaning of eco is
house
The formula I=PAT means which of the following
impact reflects population, affluence, and technology
Unlike pollution and other environmental problems, the extinction of species is
irreversible and final
The Ogallala aquifer, which runs below ground across seven states from South Dakota to Texas, and provides water to millions of people
is being pumped so rapidly some experts fear it could run dry within several decades
Critics claim that structural-functional analysis of the environment
is optimistic about society's ability to resolve most environmental problems
What position on the political spectrum is correctly described as neo-Malthusian?
liberal
The largest share of solid waste is
paper
Which position on the political spectrum views the solution to environmental problems as replacement of the capitalist political system?
radical left
High-income nations of the world are overdeveloped and wealth must be shared more equally around the world
radical-left
Recognition of an environmental deficit is important for three reasons. Read all four statements below . Which of them is NOT one of the reasons?
reminding us of the importance of our financial resources
In general, social-conflict analysis claims that the problems of the natural environment result from
social inequity
Taken together, the cultural values of material comfort, progress, and science form an outlook that environmentalists call
the logic of growth
Researchers report that _______ of the world's 10,000 species of birds are declining in number
three-fourths
