Chapter 28 Endocrine EAQ
Which statement made by the child indicates the need for further education about how to manage newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus?
"I can eat cake and candy as long as I give myself extra insulin to compensate."
The mother of a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks why her child cannot avoid all those "shots" and instead take pills as an uncle does. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
"Your child needs to have insulin replaced, and the oral hypoglycemics only add to an existing supply of insulin."
The nurse is assessing a child for pituitary hyperfunction. Which assessment findings does the nurse recognize as an effect of hyperpituitarism? Select all that apply.
1. Overgrowth of the long bones 4. Malocclusion of teeth in enlarged law 5. Thickened, deeply creased skin
While reviewing laboratory reports, the nurse finds that the posterior lobe of the patient's pituitary gland is damaged. Which hormones are likely to be imbalanced if this part of the pituitary gland is not functioning properly? Select all that apply.
3. Oxytocin 5. Antidiuretic hormone
An infant presents with hypospadias, micropenis, and no palpable gonads. How should the nurse document these findings?
Ambiguous genitalia
The nurse suspects that the child has delayed growth. The nurse does not have serial height and weight records to assess the child's growth. What action does the nurse take?
Asks about the child's growth as compared to siblings.
An infant is born with ambiguous genitalia. Tests are being performed to enable sex assignment. The parents tell the nurse that family and friends are asking what caused the baby to be this way. What is this nurse's best response?
By explaining the disorder so the parents can explain it to others
What is the most common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism?
Chronic renal disease
What endocrine disorder can result from prolonged steroid therapy?
Cushing syndrome
Which finding is most often observed with destruction of the pancreatic beta cells?
Decreased blood glucose levels in the body
What information should the nurse include when discussing a child's precocious puberty with the parents?
Dress and activities should be appropriate to the chronologic age.
What are the clinical manifestations of juvenile hypothyroidism?
Dry skin, sparse hair, slowed growth
The nurse is planning care for a child with recently diagnosed diabetes insipidus. Which nursing intervention should be planned?
Encouraging the child to wear medical identification
Cushing syndrome is a characteristic group of manifestations caused by excessive circulation of which hormone?
Free cortisol
What is the best method for assessing control of diabetes?
Glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c) testing
The largest percentage of childhood hyperthyroidism is caused by:
Graves disease
A neonate with a goiter has just been admitted to the newborn nursery. What is one priority nursing intervention?
Having a tracheostomy set at the bedside
What is the current treatment option for children with type 1 diabetes?
Insulin and diet
Which statement best describes Cushing syndrome?
It is caused by excessive production of cortisol.
What levels of thyroid hormone (TH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) characterize primary congenital hypothyroidism?
Low level of circulating TH, raised level of TSH at birth
What are the cardinal signs of diabetes insipidus?
Polyuria and polydipsia
What does the nurse recognize as the primary clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus?
Polyuria and polydipsia
What manifestation of type 2 diabetes helps the nurse to distinguish it from type 1 diabetes?
Relative insulin deficiency
A 17-year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus tells the school nurse about recently starting to drink alcohol with friends on weekends. What is the most appropriate intervention by the nurse?
Teach the adolescent about the effects of alcohol on type 1 diabetes mellitus and how to prevent problems associated with alcohol intake
