Chapter 4: Lesson 3

How does an autocracy differ from an oligarchy?

Autocracy is where one individual holds all of the power of government. Oligarchy is where a small group of people hold all of the power of government.

What is the cause of many boundary disputes?

Wars, territorial disputes. Arise from unsettled territorial claims or as a result of one state desiring the resources of a neighboring state.

What is the function of the United Nations?

an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and aspirations to achieve world peace.

unique

being the only one; without a like or an equal

authority

power to influence or command thought, opinion, or behavior

Describe the difference between a unitary system and a federal system.

A unitary system of government divides government power between the national or central government. The federal system divides government power between the national government and state or provincial governments.

How does geography influence a country's government?

Geographic areas can actually determine how political and administrative units are drawn up and how they will be governed. Geography influences governments as they develop policy to provide people with goods and services.

How do cooperation and conflict shape the division of Earth's surface?

Global cooperation is frustrated by many factors, including border disputes, tensions over larger territories, multiple ethnic groups within one state, competition for fewer resources, and control of strategic sites. Terrorism, Nationalism.

geometric boundary

a boundary that follows a geometric pattern

natural boundary

a fixed limit or extent defined along physical geographic features such as mountains and rivers

monarchy

a form of autocracy with a hereditary king or queen exercising supreme power

cultural boundary

a geographical boundary between two different cultures

Use your graphic organizer to summarize features of government. Include both the levels of government and types of governments.

a national or central government, as well as the governments of smaller internal divisions such as provinces, states, counties, cities, towns, and villages. Unitary system, federal system, or confederation. Autocracy: Any system of government in which the power and authority to rule belongs to a single individual. Monarchy: In a monarchy, a king or queen exercises the supreme powers of government. Monarchs usually inherit their positions. Absolute monarchs have complete and unlimited power to rule. Oligarchy: Any system of government in which a small group holds power. The group derives its power from wealth, military power, social position, or a combination of these elements. Theocracy: is a government of officials believed to be divinely inspired. In a theocracy, a divine power is thought to be the head of the government. Democracy: Any system of government in which leaders rule with the consent of the citizens.

Write a one-page essay explaining the human and physical geographic characteristics that can influence a country's foreign policy.

border disputes, tensions over larger territories, multiple ethnic groups within one state, competition for fewer resources, and control of strategic sites. Nationalism often contributes to political conflicts. Nationalism is a belief that the individual's loyalty and devotion to the nations or states. Terrorism, alliances and cooperation.

unitary system

form of government in which all key powers are given to the national or central government

federal system

form of government in which powers are divided between the national government and state or provincial governments

What influences the level and type of a country's government?

size, military might, natural resources, and world influence. Each country is defined by characteristics such as territory, population, and sovereignty, or freedom from outside control.

oligarchy

system of government in which a small group holds power

democracy

system of government in which leaders rule with consent of the citizens

autocracy

system of government in which one person rules with unlimited power and authority

theocracy

system of government in which those who rule are regarded as divinely inspired