Chapter 5. The Integumentary System (Chapter Quizzes Multiple Choice)
Why are lines of cleavage clinically significant? Lines of cleavage promote wound healing. A cut parallel to a cleavage line will remain closed. Wounds heal more slowly if they run parallel to lines of cleavage. A cut at right angles to a line of cleavage will remain closed.
A cut parallel to a cleavage line will remain closed.
Ultraviolet radiation __________. causes melanin production to accelerate is beneficial in small amounts can cause cumulative damage, leading to premature aging All of the listed responses are correct.
All of the listed responses are correct
Older people are more prone to skin injuries as a result of __________. decrease in the number of Langerhans cells the thinning of the epidermis reduction in melanocyte activity All of the listed responses are correct.
All of the listed responses are correct.
The color of skin is the result of __________. carotene melanin dermal blood supply All of the listed responses are correct
All of the listed responses are correct.
Which of the following is an effect of epidermal growth factor? stimulating secretion by epidermal glands accelerating the production of keratin in epidermal cells promoting the division of cells in the stratum germinativum All of the listed responses are correct.
All of the listed responses are correct.
Which of the following statements about nails is FALSE? Because nail tissue is dead, nails cannot indicate metabolic changes or diseases in the body. Another name for the eponychium is the cuticle. Nail production occurs at the nail root, located near the proximal end of the bone of the fingertip. The eponychium is a fold of stratum corneum over the exposed nail near the root.
Because nail tissue is dead, nails cannot indicate metabolic changes or diseases in the body.
Which of the following statements about skin injury and repair is FALSE? Calluses form when stem cells in skin divide more rapidly with mechanical stress. Because skin is just scraped rather than cut, an abrasion heals more quickly than an incision. Damage to skin stimulates mast cells to trigger an inflammatory reaction. Cells of the stratum germinativum divide rapidly and migrate to cover cut surfaces of injured skin.
Because skin is just scraped rather than cut, an abrasion heals more quickly than an incision.
Which of the following statements about skin glands is FALSE? Sebaceous glands and sebaceous follicles produce and release sebum, or body oil. Sebaceous glands release their secretions into a hair follicle. Mammary glands are anatomically related to apocrine sweat glands. Apocrine sweat glands are located in the armpits, around the nipples, and in the groin. Ceruminous glands are modified sebaceous glands in the ear canal, where they produce earwax.
Ceruminous glands are modified sebaceous glands in the ear canal, where they produce earwax.
Which of the following statements about hair is FALSE? Hair on the head continues to grow in a cycle that lasts 8 to 10 years before the hair is lost. When a hair follicle becomes inactive, its hair becomes a club hair. Although hair cells are dead, it is possible to stimulate the root hair plexus of sensory neurons by mechanical movement of the hair shaft. Hair normally grows at the rate of about a third of a millimeter a day.
Hair on the head continues to grow in a cycle that lasts 8 to 10 years before the hair is lost.
Which of the following sensory cells are located in the epidermis? Merkel, or tactile, discs tactile corpuscles All of the listed responses are correct. lamellated corpuscles
Merkel, or tactile, discs
Which of the following statements about integumentary repair is FALSE? A scab restores the integrity of the epidermis and restricts invasion of the body by microorganisms. Granulation tissue is a combination of blood clot, fibroblasts, and extensive capillary supply in healing skin. As fibroblasts move into damaged tissue, endothelial cells also move in and form new capillaries. Some adults form scar tissue called keloid that extends beyond the edges of the injury site. Skin repairs occur at the same pace throughout a person's life
Skin repairs occur at the same pace throughout a person's life.
Which of the following statements about the epidermis is FALSE? Cells located in the epidermis include keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, and melanocytes. Stratum lucidum is the feature of the thin skin. Granules of keratohyalin are manufactured in cells of the stratum granulosum. Epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium composed mainly of keratinocytes. The stratum corneum is water resistant but not waterproof, with insensible perspiration passing through it outside the sweat glands.
Stratum lucidum is the feature of the thin skin.
Which of the following statements about hair is FALSE? The hair papilla is a small peg of connective tissue at the base of a hair follicle containing capillaries and nerves. The root hair plexus is the tiny muscle associated with a hair follicle that causes "goose bumps." Hard keratin is found in the hair's cuticle and cortex, and soft keratin is found in the medulla. Hair color can be affected by inheritance, hormones, environment, and aging.
The root hair plexus is the tiny muscle associated with a hair follicle that causes "goose bumps."
Which of the following statements about skin pigmentation is FALSE? Individuals with darker skin pigmentation are less likely to have skin cancer than those with lighter pigmentation under the same exposure to ultraviolet light. Melanosomes are passed from melanocytes to keratinocytes, producing pigment in the entire epidermis. Albino individuals have as many melanocytes as non-albinos, but they cannot produce melanin. Part of the pigmentation of skin is dependent on dermal blood supply. Ultraviolet light stimulates skin cancer formation only in melanocytes.
Ultraviolet light stimulates skin cancer formation only in melanocytes.
Which of the following statements about vitamin D is FALSE? Vitamin D3 is added to most dairy products in the United States. Vitamin D3 contributes to the absorption of calcium from the diet. Ultraviolet radiation produces vitamin D3 from steroids in the skin. Vitamin D3 controls the metabolic rate of the body.
Vitamin D3 controls the metabolic rate of the body.
Melanin is __________. produced in keratinocytes a brown-black pigment found in large amounts in albinos an orange-yellow pigment found in squash
a brown-black pigment
Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system? absorption of nutrients protection maintenance of body temperature storage of nutrients
absorption of nutrients
Nails, sweat glands, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands __________. originate from the dermis are epidermal derivatives grow continuously throughout life All of the listed responses are correct.
are epidermal derivatives
Apocrine sweat glands __________. produce a watery, salty secretion are far more numerous than eccrine sweat glands are found in the armpits, groin, and around the nipples cool the surface of the skin
are found in the armpits, groin, and around the nipples
What are the four stages in the regeneration of skin, in the correct order? scab formation, degeneration, fibroblast activity (regeneration), and bleeding bleeding, scab formation, fibroblast activity (regeneration), and scab shedding swelling, heat, tenderness, and pain clot dissolution, granulation, fibroblast activity (regeneration), and scab formation
bleeding, scab formation, fibroblast activity (regeneration), and scab shedding
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) __________. can be absorbed from food can be synthesized from food can be converted directly to calciferol in the liver All of the listed responses are correct
can be absorbed from food
Which of the following glands produces earwax? merocrine (eccrine) glands ceruminous glands mammary glands apocrine glands
ceruminous glands
The body of the nail __________. is covered by the cuticle is not affected by diseases consists of dead, tightly compacted cells is beneath the hypochondrium
consists of dead, tightly compacted cells
The reduction in sebum production due to aging can lead to __________. dry and scaly skin overheating in warm environments wrinkles sunburn
dry and scaly skin
The protective scab that forms over an injury consists of __________. collagen fibers cellulite fibrin granulation tissue
fibrin
Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the integumentary system? nails multicellular exocrine glands hypodermis hair
hypodermis
Which of the following processes or conditions would NOT occur in aging skin? thinning of the dermis decline in germinative cell activity decrease in the number of Langerhans cells decline in vitamin D3 production increase in glandular activity
increase in glandular activity
What is the function of sebum? cools the skin inhibits bacteria and lubricates the keratin of hair traps particles in the ear excretes water and electrolyte
inhibits bacteria and lubricates the keratin of hair
The eponychium __________. is found at the free edge of the nail is the nail cuticle is a pale crescent at the base of the nail extends under the nail
is the nail cuticle
What forms when scar tissue continues beyond the requirements of tissue repair? stretch marks granulation tissue scab keloid
keloid
Which of the following areas of the skin has the greatest concentration of eccrine sweat glands? armpit scalp face palm
palm
What are the major components of the dermis? desmosomes and microvilli basal cells and Merkel cells papillary layer and reticular layer keratinocytes and melanocytes
papillary layer and reticular layer
Decubitus ulcers __________. result from a lack of circulation are growths of excess skin tissue result in excess pigmentation, or "birthmarks." All of the listed responses are correc
result from a lack of circulation
Which of the following is NOT an effect of epidermal growth factor? accelerating production of keratin in differentiating epidermal cells stimulating rapid release of dead cells at the surface of the stratum corneum stimulating synthesis and secretion by epithelial glandular cells stimulating epidermal development and repair after injury promoting division of stem cells in the stratum germinativum and stratum spinosum
stimulating rapid release of dead cells at the surface of the stratum corneum
Beginning at the basement membrane and working toward the free surface, the layers of the epidermis are __________. stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, and stratum basale keratinocytes, Merkel cells, fibroblasts, and melanocytes stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum stratum basale, stratum corneum, keratohyalin, and keratinocytes
stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum
In which layer of the epidermis would you find melanocytes? stratum lucidum stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum germinativum
stratum germinativum
Your fingerprints are the external manifestation of dips and ridges characteristic of which layer? stratum corneum stratum germinativum stratum lucidum
stratum germinativum
The root hair plexus __________. causes hairs to stand erect is responsible for deep pressure sensations surrounds the base of each hair None of the listed responses is correct.
surrounds the base of each hair
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with the skin? excretions of salts, organic wastes, and water synthesis of B vitamins protection of underlying structures detection of sensory information maintenance of normal body temperatures
synthesis of B vitamins
The integumentary system consists of __________. the dermis and subcutaneous layers the epidermis and deep fascia the cutaneous membrane and associated structures the hypodermis and mesodermal layers
the cutaneous membrane and associated structures
