Chemistry Test One Review

Kelvin (K)

"Absolute Temperature Scale" begins at 0 and has only positive values.

Acetone, which is used as a solvent and as a reactant in the manufacture of Plexiglas®, boils at 56.1 C. What is the boiling point in degrees Fahrenheit?

133 F

Empirical

Lowest whole number, indicates the relative number of atoms of each element in compound.

Anions

Negative charged ions, gains electrons.

Cations

Positive charged ions, atom loses electrons.

Fahrenheit (F)

Scale commonly used in U.S.. Different degree size and different 0 points than both Kelvin and Celsius.

Covalent Bonding

Sharing electrons between atoms of different elements.

Isotope

The same element, but different mass.

Conversion Factor

Is a ratio of equivalent quantities used to express a quantity in different units.

Potential

Is energy due to the position of an object.

A dose of medication was prescribed to be 35 microliters. Express the volume in centiliters.

3.5 x 10^-3 cL

Kinetic

Is energy due to the movement of an object.

The mass of a sample is 550 miligrams. Express the mass in kilograms.

5.5 x 10^-4 kg

Heat

Energy that flows from a hotter to a colder object.

Ionic Bonding

Transferring electrons from one element to another.

Atoms X, Y, Z, and R have the following nuclear compositions: 410-186X, 410-183Y, 412-186Z, 412-185R Which two are isotopes?

X and Z 410-186X, 412-186Z

Given that 1 inch = 2.54 cm, 1 cm3 is equal to _______

0.0610 in^3

Which of the following correctly expresses 52,030.2 m in scientific notation? A. 5.20302 x 10^4 m B. 5.20302 x 10^5 m C. 5.203 x 10^4 m D. 5.20 x 10^4 m E. 5.2 x 10^4 m

A. 5.20302 x 10^4m

Molecular

Actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of a compound.

A flask has a mass of 78.23 g when empty and 593.63 g when filled with water. When the same flask is filled with concentrated sulfuric acid, H2SO4, its mass is 1026.57 g. What is the density of concentrated sulfuric acid? (Assume water has a density of 1.00 g/cm3 at the temperature of the measurement.) A. 1.992 g/cm3 B. 1.840 g/cm3 C. 1.729 g/cm3 D. 1.598 g/cm3 E. 0.543 g/cm3

B. 1.840 g/cm3

The appropriate number of significant figures in the result of 15.234 - 15.208 is: A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5

B. 2

Determine the molecular mass of copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate. A. 313.25 amu B. 249.70 amu C. 345.77 amu D. 177.64 amu E. 295.56 amu

B. 249.70 amu

Express 96,342 m using 2 significant figures. A. 9.60 x 10^4 m B. 9.6 x 10^4 m C. 9.60 x 10^-4 m D. 9.6 x 10^-4 m E. 96,000. m

B. 9.6 x 10^4m

Celcius (C)

Based on the freezing and boiling points of water. Celsius and kelvin use same size degree, but starting points are different.

Which of the following represents the largest volume? A. 10,000 µL B. 1000 pL C. 100 mL D. 10 nL E. 10 cm3

C. 100mL

Select the answer that expresses the result of this calculation with the correct number of significant figures and with correct units. 16.18 cm 9.6114 g 1.4783 cm2 = A. 105.2 g/cm3 B. 105.2 g/cm2 C. 105.2 g/cm D. 72.13 g/cm2 E. 72.13 g/cm

C. 105.2 g/cm2

Iodine pentafluoride (IF5) reacts slowly with glass and violently with water. Determine its molecular mass. A. 653.52 amu B. 259.89 amu C. 221.90 amu D. 202.90 amu E. 145.90 amu

C. 221.90 amu

Ions

Charged particles when atom gains or loses electrons.

Polyatomic Ion

Consists of 2 or more atoms covalently bonded together and has an overall charge.

Which one of the following numbers contains a digit or digits which is/are not significant? A. 970.0 B. 502 C. .300 D. .0043 E. 20.01

D. .0043

Weight

Depends on mass and local gravitational pull.

Temperature

Determines the direction of heat flow. It is a measure of how hot or cold a substance is relative.

Structural

Shows the number of atoms and bonds between, the relative placement and connections of atoms.