Digestive System Test 3

Arrange the following events in the correct order: 1. Absorption of lipids 2.Emulsification 3. Micelle formation 4. Digestion of lipids

2, 4, 3, 1

Which of the following statements concerning cholecystokinin is correct?

Cholecystokinin stimulates the pancreas to release an enzyme-rich solution.

All of the following are substances found in saliva except

Hydrochloric acid

All of the following are substances found within saliva except

Hydrochloric acid

Bile would flow directly from the

hepatic ducts into the common hepatic duct.

What muscle forms the lips?

orbicularis oris muscle

Proton Pump Inhibitors prevent the anti port of H+ and K+ in parietal cells. As a result,

pH of the stomach lumen will increase

The abdominal cavity is lined with

parietal peritoneum

Produces intrinsic factor.

stomach

A man had a gunshot wound in his abdomen. The bullet passed through his anterior body and lodged inside the transverse colon. What layers did the bullet pass through to arrive at the location? (1) parietal peritoneum (2) visceral peritoneum

1, 2, 2, 2

Assume we could alter the conditions in the duodenum. If we inserted a large volume of highly acidic chyme which contained a large amount of fat, which of the following responses are consistent with that? (1) decreased gastric acid secretion (2) increased bile production (3) increased pancreatic bicarbonate production and pancreatic enzyme secretion (4) increased secretin and cholecystokinin

1,2,3,4

A pin placed through the greater omentum would pass through __ layers of ___ squamous epithelium. The greater omentum is a folded mesentery with each part consisting of ___ layers of ____ squamous epithelium.

4, simple. 2, serous

The ____ cells of the mucosa have microbiology and digestive enzymes in their surface.

Absorptive

produces digestive enzymes and absorb digested food

Absorptive cells

Trypsin

Acinar cells

The submucosa of the duodenum contains coiled tubular mucous glands called___, which open into the base of the intestinal glands.

Brunner glands

All of the following are muscles of mastication except

Buccinator

A swollen uvula might interfere with which of the following?

Deglutition and breathibg

Which of the following would occur in an individual if they had their stomach removed?

Difficulty absorbing B12

Which of the following would stimulate intestinal motility?

Dissension of the intestinal wall

Produces secretin and cholecystokinin

Endocrine cells

produce hormones

Endocrine cells

Chylomicrons move out of intestinal epithelial cells by _________.

Exocytosis

The ___ cells of the mucosa are also known as Panera cells and may help protect the intestinal epithelium from bacteria.

Granular

protect intestinal epithelium from bacteria

Granulosa cells

Dipeptides and tri peptides enter intestinal epithelial cells by

H+ symport

Which disease is caused by the absence of enteric neurons in the distal large intestine?

Hirschprung Disease

Destroys ingested bacteria and activates pepsin

Hydrochloric acid

The ____ phase of gastric regulation is initiated when chyme enters the duodenum and stimulates the secretion of hormones and local reflexes that inhibit gastric activity.

Intestinal

Aids in absorption of B12

Intrinsic factor

What is the function of bicarbonate when it is secreted by the large intestine

It increases the pH of feces which are acidic because of bacterial secretions

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?

LDL

Performs bacterial decomposition

Large intestine

products of pancreatic amylase

Maltose and isomaltose

glucose is absorbed by ___ in the epithelial cells

Na+ symport

Produces carboxypeptidase and trypsin

Pancreas

Active form aids in breaking proteins into smaller peptide chains

Pepsinogen

Bile secretion is

Performed continuously by the liver.

products of salivary amylase

Polysaccharides and disaccharides

LDL's are taking into a cell by the process of

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Which is NOT a type of propulsion in the digestive tract?

Segmented contraction

The oral cavity secretes ____, which neutralizes bacterial acids, flushes bacteria from the oral cavity and has weak antibacterial activity.

Serous saliva

Neutralization, digestion, and excretion

Small intestine

Produces lactase, secretin and disaccharidase

Small intestine

Segmented contractions are mixing contractions that occur predominantly in the

Small intestine

Which of the following is NOT a necessary function of the tongue?

Speech

Storage, digestion, and absorption

Stomach

Which of the following is not a tunic of the gallbladder wall?

Submucosa

Oral sodium phosphate tabs are used to induce diarrhea in preparation for a colonoscopy. Which explains how the medication works?

The intestinal chyme increases in osmolarity and water moved from the blood to the lumen.

Parasympathetic nerves extend to the digestive tract through the

Vagus nerve

The movement of molecules out of the digestive tract into circulation or the lymphatic system is

absorption

Enzymes that digest carbohydrates include

amylase, maltase, and sucrase

Teeth in adults

are distributed so that there is one canine tooth in each half jaw.

The pancreatic islets

are endocrine glands

Arrange the following structures in order from the small intestine to the rectum.

ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon

Anticipation of eating food causes an increase in secretion of gastric juice. This phase of gastric secretion is called the _____ phase.

cephalic

Blockage of the ileocecal valve would prevent

chyme from entering the large intestine.

Trypsin can activate

chymotrypsinogen

The hepatopancreatic ampulla is formed by the union of the

common bile duct and pancreatic duct

Attaches liver to diaphragm

coronary ligament

What connects the gallbladder to the common bile duct?

cystic duct

Enzymes secreted by the small intestine include

disaccharidases

Mass movements of the colon are integrated by

enteric plexus

Ion exchange molecules in the plasma membrane of the parietal cells will ______________________________.

exchange bicarbonate ions going out for chloride ions coming in

produce mucus

goblet cells

A blockage in the colon where the ascending colon turns to become the transverse colon would occur at the

hepatic flexure

What portion of the small intestine is most distal from the pylorus of the stomach?

ileum

connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver

lesser omentum

Which of the following would inhibit normal movements of the tongue?

lingual frenulum extending to tip of tongue

Damage to the liver would hamper digestion of

lipids

If the thoracic duct were tied off, which of these classes of nutrients would not enter the circulatory system at their normal rate?

lipids

Which of the following is an accessory organ of the digestive tract?

liver

hepatocytes

liver cells; produce bile, absorb and secrete nutrients like glucose, and secrete plasma proteins

Which of the following occurs in the large intestine

mass movements

Which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with the food consumed?

mucosa

Beginning at the lumen, the sequence of layers of the digestive tract wall is

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa

The major secretion of the large intestine is

mucus

The digestive juice that contains enzymes capable of digesting all major food groups is

pancreatic juice

Which of the following are secreted by the stomach?

pepsinogen and intrinsic factor

Which of the following events occurs because of the low pH of the stomach?

proper environment for functioning of pepsin

Which of the following regions of the stomach is correctly matched with its description?

pylorus - the most inferior portion of the stomach

Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus occurs because of

relaxation of the cardiac sphincter

Which of the following might happen if a person begins laughing while swallowing a liquid?

relaxation of the soft palate allowing liquid to enter the nasal cavity

Abdominal organs that lie against the body wall and have no mesenteries are said to be

retroperitoneal

The role of acetylcholine in the digestive tract is to _____, while the role of norepinephrine is to ____.

stimulate, inhibit

Which of the following is mismatched?

sympathetic nerve fibers - increase intestinal motility

Which of the following is a function of the hepatocytes?

synthesize bile

The epiglottis covers the opening into the larynx during

the pharyngeal phase of swallowing

How does the muscularis layer of the esophagus differ from the rest of the digestive tract?

the superior part is skeletal muscle