Embalming - Review

hypostatic capillary congestion

Antemortem intravascular blood discoloration

Colored glass, gelatin, or other substances which transmit light of certain wavelengths while absorbing the others:

Colored Filter

the posterior intercostal arteries are parietal branches of the:

Descending Thoracic Aorta

active transport

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference

a benefit of hypostatic capillary congestion

Expansion of capillaries can aid in distribution and diffusion

HCHO reacts with Water to form?

Methylene glycol

Icterus would be classified as a

Pathological antemortem discoloration

Intravascular Pressure

Pressure developed as the flow of embalming solution is established and the elastic arterial walls expand and then contract, resulting in filling of the capillary beds and development of pressure filtration.

passive transport

Requires NO energy, Movement of molecules from high to low concentration, Moves with the concentration gradient

Which of the following would be recommended when embalming a body with significant trauma to the head and neck

Restrict flow to the head and inject separately

Hypostasis (Livor mortis)

Settling of blood and/or other fluids to dependent portions of the body.

signs used to signify a possible increase in nitrogenous waste in the body:

Smell of urine A fistula (Shunt) found on the arms Frosting on the skin

dialysis

The diffusion of small solutes through a selectively permeable membrane.

Urotropin

When ammonia combines with formaldehyde based substances, it forms a neutral compound known as

pleural effusion

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

Imbibition example

absorption of the fluid portion of the blood by the tissues after death resulting in postmortem edema

after death the bodys ph changes from alkaline to

acidic

during the rigor cycle the ph of the tissues would be

acidic

Embalming solutions react best with proteins under which condition?

alkaline

icterus

another name for jaundice

Sodium Citrate is added to embalming fluids as a?

anticoagulant

The basilic vein is a tributary of what vein?

axillary

artery that begins at the lateral border of the first rib and terminates at the inferior border of the teres major muscle

axillary

Agent that has the ability to inhibit or retard bacterial growth, but does not kill the microorganism:

bacteriostatic agent

the tricuspid valve is located

between right atrium and right ventricle

The term "nutrient arteries" refers to those arteries that supply blood to the:

bones

Which of the following chemicals will cause "hard water" when found in water?

calcium

Veins are continuations of?

capillaries

A synonym for phenol is?

carbolic acid

The smooth muscle around the opening of the stomach from the esophagus into the stomach:

cardiac sphincter

Direct trocar point toward a point one-fourth of the distance from the right anterior-superior iliac spine to the pubic symphysis, keeping the trocar well up near the abdominal wall until within four inches of right anterior-superior iliac spine, then dip point two inches and insert it into:

cecum

Which of the following is a superficial vein of the arm?

cephalic

An embalmer would expect Hematemesis, ascites, esophageal varices and jaundice associated with which of the following conditions?

cirrhosis

The action of formaldehyde on protein is termed:

coagulation

From the Sternoclavicular Articulation to the lobe of the ear is the linear guide for what artery

common carotid

The imaginary, vertical plane that cuts through a cadaver, from side to side, at right angles to the mid-sagittal plane, is referred to as the:

coronal

Which of the following diseases would be characterized by glycosuria:

diabetes mellitus

Separation of substances in solution by the difference in their rates of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane:

dialysis

in fluid diffusion the solute portion of the arterial solution passes through the semipermeable membrane by

dialysis

Complete cellular death always ____________ somatic death:

follows

Quarternaries are?

germicides

The longest Anastamosis of the human body is?

greater saphenous

If a body has adiopocere it is possible that the body -

has been dead for three months or longer

normal order of blood flow through vessels

heart arteries capillaries veins

A blood cell when placed in a hypotonic solution will swell and burst in a process referred to as?

hemolysis

arterial fluid is an example of what type of mixture

homogenous

chemical described as having a coating action they wrap around the formaldehyde molecule and thus keep it from making direct contact with albuminous material until the tissues are thoroughly saturated with preservative solution

humectant

the chemical change during decomposition in which protein chains break down is known as

hydrolysis

For the average or "normal" body in which there is no edema or dehydration, the arterial solution should be ____________________ in its osmotic composition.

hypotonic

Absorption of the fluid portion of blood by the tissues after death resulting in postmortem edema:

imbibition

The renal veins are tributaries to the:

inferior vena cava

The rate of flow into the tissues will be slow if you use a(an) -

isotonic

for the dehydrated body the arterial solution should be

isotonic

Lymph is returned to the blood circulatory system in the:

lower neck region

Neutralizing ptomaines would be best performed by using?

methanal

This chemical is added to arterial fluids to prohibit the polymerization of Formaldehyde

methanol

Pressure filtration, Osmosis, Dialysis are referred to as ________ mechanisms because no energy is provided by the cells

passive transport

Which of the following classes of chemicals are added to embalming chemicals as humectants?

polhydric alcohols

a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules combine to form larger molecules that contain repeating structural units

polymerization

Pressure Filtration

positive intravascular pressure causing passage of embalming fluid through the capillary wall to diffuse with the interstitial fluids; causing passage of embalming fluid from an intravascular to an extravascular position

the process by which both solute and solvent portions of the embalming solution pass through into the interstitial spaces

pressure filtration

__________ molecules can undergo decomposition by the presence of hydrolysis

proteins

Which of the following blood vessels is associated with the right ventricle of the heart?

pulmonary artery

the most important gauge on the embalming machine

rate of flow

Limited drainage of a pale sticky liquid would be most associated with a

refrigerated cases/ leukemia

Deamination

removal of an amine from the protein by another substance in decomposition of proteins

Decarboxylation

removal of the acid from the protein by another substance in decomposition of proteins

head trauma case eyes swollen and discolored dead over 6 hours which of the following would be a correct treatment

restricted cervical injection solution strength determined by body conditions utilize instant tissue fixation when injected head

center of drainage

right atrium

What does postmortem caloricity speed up?

rigor and decomposition

When injecting a body that manifests intravascular difficulties during injection the embalmer would benefit from

slow rate of flow and low pressure

To facilitate the penetration of preservatives during surface embalming, surface gels may contain:

sodium laurel sulfate

The vertebral artery begins at the?

subclavian

Which of the following would not be used to bleach blood discolorations?

sulfuric

another name for a wetting agent

surfactant

in a case involving uremia

the ammonia reacts with formaldehyde

Imbibition

the swelling and softening of tissues and organs as a result of absorbing moisture from adjacent sources

Contraction and relaxation of the muscle cells are dependent upon the -

transfer of adenosine triphosphate.

direct the trocar point toward the intersection of the median line of the pubic bone until the trocar point touches the bone; retract the trocar slightly; depress the point slightly; and enter the

urinary bladder

Formaldehyde and Nitrogen react to form?

urotropin

the stitch to turn under excess margins of skin in an incision

worm/ inversion

Anasarca would result in:

- use of stringent arterial fluids - diminished circulation - increase the secondary dilution of the fluids injected

Order of decomposition of the body compounds

1. carbohydrates 2. soft proteins 3. fats 4. hard proteins 5. bones

How many ounces of Formaldehyde are in a 16 ounce bottle of 25 index arterial fluid

4

the three sites an embalmer would use to embalm infants

?

Linear Guide

A line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper-lying structure.

sodium laurel sulfate

An example of a wetting agent (surfactant) added to embalming fluids to increase penetrability