Exam 1
Which of the following is a normal adult blood pressure?
110/65
Which of the following is a normal hemoglobin level?
15 g/dl
Calculate the hematocrit value of the blood sample above. Round to the nearest whole number and enter your answer without units or other words
41
Which of the following is a normal adult blood volume?
5L
Which of the following is a normal heart rate for an adult?
72 bpm
embolus
A clot that breaks lose and travels through the bloodstream.
You are using antibodies to determine someone's blood type. When you add anti-A antibody to the blood sample, it clumps up (agglutinates). When you add anti-B antibody to the sample, it does not clump up. When you add anti-D antibody, to the sample, it does clump up. What is the person's blood type?
A+
leukocytosis
Abnormally high WBC count
leukopenia
Abnormally low white blood cell count
Evelyn has type AB- blood. Which antigens are on the surface of her erythrocytes?
B & A antigens
systolic pressure
Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles.
Christy has type O+ blood. Which antigens are on the surface of her erythrocytes?
D antigen
Anna has type A+ blood. Which antigens are on the surface of her erythrocytes?
D antigen, A antigen
Which protein in the erythrocytes binds to the oxygen?
Hemoglobin
plasma
Liquid part of blood
hemorrhagic anemia
Low RBCs due to blood loss
What is the main plasma ion?
Na+
A blood pressure of 96/66 is ___ for a healthy adult.
Normal
Which of the following are true about platelets?
They are cell fragments full of vesicles and cytoskeletal filaments, They lack a nucleus and ribosomes
Which of the following are true about leukocytes?
They change shape to squeeze out of blood vessels., They contain granules holding signaling molecules, enzymes, and antimicrobial compounds, They contain a nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, They use aerobic respiration (cellular respiration) to produce ATP.
Which of the following are true about erythrocytes?
They have flexible cytoskeletons to bend in narrow capillaries, They contain large amounts of hemoglobin, They lack a nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria, They do not divide or produce proteins
Which of the following are NOT functions of the circulatory system?
Transmitting nerve signals to the brain, Producing fatty acids, vitamins, and other nutrients, Regulating glucose level, Protecting the body from UV light
thrombus
a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein
thrombocytosis
abnormally high platelet count
osmolarity
amount of solute in the blood that attracts water
Anna has type A+ blood. Which antibodies are present in her plasma (assume she has been exposed to all the antigens before)?
anti-B
Christy has type O+ blood. Which antibodies are present in her plasma (assume she has been exposed to all the antigens before)?
anti-B and -A
Evelyn has type AB- blood. Which antibodies are present in her plasma (assume she has been exposed to all the antigens before)?
anti-D
The cell recognition molecules on the surface of red blood cells that determine a person's blood type are called___.
antigens
Which of the following is NOT a location where the pulse can be felt?
aorta
What is the most important buffer system in the blood?
bicarbonate buffer system
What happens to the blood volume and the blood pressure if the blood osmolarity is high due to extra salt (Na+)?
blood volume increases and blood pressure increases
Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with hypertension?
bone loss
Which of the following is the most common location to measure blood pressure?
brachial artery
plasmin
breaks down fibrin to dissolve blood clots
erythrocytes
carry oxygen
Which of the following may cause leukopenia?
chemotherapy, heavy metal poisoning, some infections
Which of the following may cause polycythemia?
chronic hypoxia (smoking, exercise, high altitude), dehydration
Which of the following is NOT a common location to detect the pulse?
circumflex artery
eosinophil
contains enzymes to fight parasitic infections
platelets
contribute to blood clotting
Which of the following lifestyle changes decrease hypertension?
decreasing sodium intake, exercising regularly, reducing stress
Which of the following may cause leukocytosis?
dehydration, infection, leukemia
thrombin
enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin
Identify the components of blood labeled in the picture.
erythrocyte, leukocyte, plasma, platelet
iron deficiency anemia
erythrocytes do not contain enough hemoglobin
hemolytic jaundice
excess bilirubin in the blood due to breakdown of RBCs
hepatic jaundice
excess bilirubin in the blood due to liver dysfunction
obstructive jaundice
excessive bilirubin in the bloodstream caused by an obstruction of bile from the liver; characterized by a yellow discoloration of the sclera of the eye, skin, and mucous membranes
damaged blood vessels
expose molecules that are sticky to platlets
tachycardia
fast heart rate
What is the function of immunoglobulins?
fight infection
leukocytes
fight infection and respond to tissue damage
neutrophil
first to respond but short lived
What components contribute to the viscosity of the blood?
formed elements, proteins
fibrin
forms a sticky network that traps cells to form a blood clot
hemophilia
genetic disorder; blood fails to clot due to lack of one clotting factor
red blood cells
gets caught in fibrin to cause a blood clot.
Which test is performed by centrifuging a blood sample to separate the formed elements from the plasma?
hematocrit
of the following tests are part of a complete blood count (CBC)?
hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC volume, WBC count
Which test is performed by observing the color of a drop of blood?
hemoglobin
Which test is shown below?
hemoglobin
Which of the following prevent or interfere with blood clotting?
heparin, liver disease, streptokinase, vitamin K deficiency
A blood pressure of 198/130 is ___ for a healthy adult.
high
hypertension
high blood pressure
The normal hematocrit is ___ in men than in women.
higher
polycythemia
increased number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood
lymphocyte
involved in immunity to specific pathogens
arrthythmia
irregular heart beat
A heart rate of 52 is ___ for a healthy adult.
low
aplastic anemia
low RBC production by bone marrow
hypotension
low blood pressure
hemolytic anemia
low erythrocytes due to premature destruction
Which of the following situations can cause anemia?
low number of red blood cells, low hemoglobin level
thrombocytopenia
low platelet count
What is the function of fibrinogen?
main component of blood clots
In the test above, a darker color indicates ___.
more hemoglobin in the blood
A heart rate of 84 is ___ for a healthy adult.
normal
The hematocrit value in the sample in the previous question is ___
normal for a woman and low for a man.
monocyte
phagocytosis bacteria, foreign material and dead cells
fibrinogen
plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
filtration
pushes water and dissolved solutes out of capillaries
Which of the following activities can reduce the resting blood pressure?
regular exercise
basophil
release histamine and heprin to increase blood flow
viscosity
resistance to flow
Which of the following are NOT found dissolved in the plasma?
saliva, cells
What is the main plasma protein?
serum albumin
bradycardia
slow heart rate
platelets
stick to damage blood vessels to form a temporary plug
platelet-derived growth factor
stimulates blood vessel healing
What does the hematocrit determine?
the percentage of erythrocytes
diastolic pressure
the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest
systolic pressure
the pressure of blood when heart beats
diastolic pressure
the pressure of blood when heart is at rest
Which of the following is NOT included in a CBC?
thyroxin level
What are the functions of alpha and beta globulins?
transport lipids and hormones, contribute to blood clotting, transport copper and iron atoms
What are the functions of serum albumin?
transport lipids and hormones, main contributor to plasma osmolarity and viscosity, buffer changes in blood pH
You got the blood typing results shown below. What is the blood type?
type A+
Anna has type A+ blood. From whom can she receive blood?
type A+, type A-, type O+, type O-
Anna has type A+ blood. To whom can she donate blood?
type A+, type AB+
Evelyn has type AB- blood. To whom can she donate blood?
type AB-, type AB+
You got the blood typing results shown below. What is the blood type?
type O+
Christy has type O+ blood. To whom can she donate blood?
type O+, type A+, type B+, type AB+
Christy has type O+ blood. From whom can she receive blood?
type O+, type O-
Evelyn has type AB- blood. From whom can she receive blood?
type O-, type A-, type AB-, type B-
