Exercise Science Exam 1 Chapters 1-3

What is anthropometry?

The study of the physical measurements and characteristics of humans and animals.

What is osteopathic medicine?

a branch of medicine that treats diseases using a whole-person approach to treatment including medications, surgery, spinal manipulation, or massage therapy, as part of the treatment.

What is allopathic medicine?

a branch of medicine that uses medications, radiation, or surgery to treat or suppress symptoms or the ill effects of disease.

What is metabolic syndrome?

a cluster of conditions that occur together increasing your risk of heart disease such as stroke and type 2 diabetes.

What is osteoporosis?

a disorder in which the bones become increasingly porous, brittle, and subject to fracture, owing to loss of calcium and other mineral components.

What is the WHO definition of health?

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being; not simply the absence of a disease.

What is physical activity?

activities of daily living including all movement that humans perform.

What is the difference between allopathic and osteopathic medicine?

allopathic treats your symptoms whereas osteopathic treats the whole person and disease as a whole.

What is a position stand?

an evidence based statement on a topic of relevance to those in the fields of exercise science and sports medicine created by experts in the topic.

What is hypertrophy?

an increase in the muscle fiber cross-sectional size

What is hyperplasia?

an increase in the number of muscle fibers in a muscle

What is exercise science?

an umbrella term that comprises numerous disciplines such as physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic performance.

How is athletic training different than exercise physiology?

athletic training is more prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of exercise, sport, and athletic injuries.

What is the somatic nervous system responsible for doing?

controling voluntary action

What are the primary functions of the nervous system?

controls systems of the body and thought processes.

What is mortality?

death rate in a population

What is morbidity?

disease development

What are the primary functions of the urinary system?

elimination of waste products and regulation of fluid volume, electrolyte composition, and body pH.

Smooth

found within the inner organs

Cardiac

heart

What is the leading cause of death in the united states? How is this disease related to physical activity/exercise and lifestyle?

heart disease and it can be prevented by exercise and a healthy life style.

What is sport?

movement in structured and organized activities that involve a competitive aspect.

What are the primary functions of the pulmonary system?

moving air into and out of the lungs and regulation of acid-base balance.

What is the study of exercise physiology?

physiological responses of the whole body or specific system systems to physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic competition.

What are the primary functions of the energy system?

provide energy during rest and exercise.

What are the primary functions of the muscular system?

provides movement and stabilizes body positions and organ contraction and relaxation.

What are the primary functions of the immune system?

regulating the susceptibility to, severity of, and recovery from infection, abnormal tissue growth, and illness.

What are the primary functions of the endocrine system?

regulation of physiologic function and systems of the body.

What are the primary functions of the skeletal system?

structural framework of the body, protects underlying organs and tissues, provides a lever system for movement, and serves as a storage area for minerals.

What is exercise?

structured movement process for the purpose of improving fitness and performance.

What is an "allied health profession"?

the professional field that works to deliver patient care services for the identification, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disabilities, and disorders.

What is ergonomics?

the study of the interaction between humans, the objects they use, and the environments in which they function.

What is the difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system?

they are both apart of the autonomic nervous system but they act in opposition to each-others nervous system.

What are the primary functions of the digestive system?

transfer of nutrients and water from the food we consume into the body.

What are the primary functions of the cardiovascular system?

transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, electrolytes, and drugs. removing waste products from the body.