GENETICS Q3 EXAM
Q: Which of the following is not a micropipette volume measurement that we used in class? 2-20 μl. 20-200 μl. 10-100 μl. 100-1000μl
10-100 μl.
Q: How many CODIS sites are used by the FBI to identify individuals? 46 100 Depends on the weather 20
20
Q: How many base pairs are there in the human genome? A. 1 million B. 26 million C. 3 million D. 2 million
3 million
Q: In which direction is DNA synthesized in the lagging strand during DNA replication? 3' to 5' 5' to 3' forwards backwards
3' to 5'
Q: What is the correct volume shown in the diagram? 5.5μl 55μl 0.55μl 550μl
5.5μl
Q: What is the measurement on the micropipette? 5.0 μl 50.0 μl 500 μl Channing Tatum
50.0 μl
Q: What is the mRNA sequence of the DNA sequence: TCCAGGTCAGCGATC AGGUCCAGUCGCUAG AGGTCCAGTCGCTAG TCCAGGTCAGCGATC UGGACCUGACGCAUG
AGGUCCAGUCGCUAG
Q: What amino acid does GCA code for? A.ALA B.TYR C.ARG D.ASP
ALA
Q: What codon signals the beginning of a protein chain? AUG TAC PER the one that it starts on
AUG
Q: What is known as the "start" codon? A.PHE B.AUG C.MET D. GLY
AUG
Q: What does the enzyme DNA Polymerase do? Adds short primer to template strand Unwind and unzip double helix Add nucleotides Creates RNA
Add nucleotides
Q: What are some uses for PCR A. Mutation detection B. Forensics C. Sequencing D. All of the above
All of the above
Q: What is the process of DNA fingerprinting? Copying sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals Deleting sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals Analyzing sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals Organizing sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals
Analyzing sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals
Q: What is the difference between an anticodon and a codon in protein synthesis? Anticodon is located on tRNA while codons are present oin mRNA Codons code and the anticodons get rid of old codons Anticodons are harmful while codons are strong and awesome There is no difference
Anticodon is located on tRNA while codons are present oin mRNA
Q: What is CODIS? A. Change On DNA Index system B. Combined DNA Index System C. Cringey Operations Done In succession D. Characteristics Of DNA In Sequences
B. Combined DNA Index System
Q: Where does translation occur? A. The Nucleus B. The Ribosome C. The Mitochondria D. The Brain
B. The Ribosome
Q: By looking at a gel, how can you tell if there is a DNA match? By examining the banding patterns produced on the gel Smelling the gel and the DNA found from the crime scene Looking to see which RNA doesn't match up By performing PCR on the gel
By examining the banding patterns produced on the gel
Q: A codon reads GAG, what is its anticodon? A.GUG B.GTG C.CUC D.CTC
CUC
Q: Which is NOT one of the types of RNA we discussed in class? Messenger RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Coding RNA (cRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Coding RNA (cRNA)
Q: What is a triplet of bases in mRNA called in translation? Codon Anticodon Synthesis Three
Codon
Q: Which enzyme adds DNA nucleotides to the template strand during DNA replication? DNA polymerase Helicase Primase Nuclease
DNA polymerase
Q: A gene mutation where one base is omitted is called a Fragment shift Replacement Deletion Insertion
Deletion
Q: What are the different types of mutations? Mismatch, Missing, Addition Deletion, Substitution, Insertion Mutations don't exist RNA and DNA
Deletion, Substitution, Insertion
Helicase The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide
Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA
Primase The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide
Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer)
Polymerase The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide
Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide
Q: Which of the following replication proteins is used to unwind the DNA double helix? A.Primase B.DNA polymerase C.Helicase D.Helicopter
Helicase
Q: Gel electrophoresis creates DNA fingerprints that can used to do all of the following EXCEPT: Identify criminals Determine paternity Determine blood relatives Identify genetic abnormalities
Identify genetic abnormalities
Q: DNA is always synthesized in what direction? In the 5 ′to 3′ direction In the direction of the lagging strand In the 3 ′to 5′ direction In the direction of a monkey climbing a tree😐
In the 5 ′to 3′ direction
Q: Where does transcription (in eukaryotes) occur? In the nucleus In the endoplasmic reticulum In the adenine In the xylophones
In the nucleus
Q: What part of the genome are CODIS sites? Exons Introns PCR Any part
Introns
Q: Whose blood was at the crime scene? A.Bob B.Sue C.John D.Lisa
John
Q: Translate this strand of mRNA: AUG-GCG-AGG-CGG-CAG-CUG-UUA-UGG-UGA MET-ALA-ARG-ARG-GLN-LEU-LEU-TRP-STOP ABCDEFG STOP-MET-ALA-ARG-GLN-LEU-LEU-TRP MET-ALA-AGR-GLN-GLN-LEU-LEU-TRP=STOP
MET-ALA-ARG-ARG-GLN-LEU-LEU-TRP-STOP
Q: Translate this strand of mRNA: AUG-CUG-CAG-GCG-UUA-ACA-UGA A. Met - Phe - Ile - Pro - Pro - Pro - STOP B. this is untranslatable C. Start - protein - DNA - STOP D. Met - Leu - Gln - Ala - Leu - Thr - STOP
Met - Leu - Gln - Ala - Leu - Thr - STOP
Q: What type of fragments are these? Hiroshima Nagasaki Okazaki Miyagi
Okazaki
Q: In gel electrophoresis, the DNA races toward what end of the developing chamber? Positively charged Negatively charged purple triangle
Positively charged
: What is the process of Gel electrophoresis in order? Stain gel, Prepare samples, Load gel wells with samples, Place gel in chambers, Run gels, Stain gel Prepare samples, Place gel in chambers, Load gel wells with samples, Run gel sample, Stain gel Place gel in chambers, Prepare samples, Load gel wells with samples, Run gel, Stain gel Prepare sample, Stain gel, prepare samples before running, Place gel in chambers, Load gel wells with samples
Prepare samples, Place gel in chambers, Load gel wells with samples, Run gel sample, Stain gel
Q: What is created as result of translation? Proteins Large subunit Small subunit French subunits
Proteins
Q: What enzyme is needed for transcription? A. Nucleus B. DNA polymerase C. RNA polymerase D. Glue
RNA polymerase
Q: Where does protein synthesis occur? A. Nucleus B. Ribosome C. Endoplasm D. Cell wall
Ribosome
Antiparallel The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide
Running in opposite directions but are parallel
Q: Gel electrophoresis is the process that Allows DNA to be seen better Identifies blood type Separates DNA fragments Clumps DNA together
Separates DNA fragments
Q: What is a codon? Sequence of RNA that corresponds to an amino acid The co worker of Don A piece of RNA that scans for the variants of covid19 Sequence of DNA that corresponds to an amino acid
Sequence of RNA that corresponds to an amino acid
Q: What is STR Analysis? Short Tandem Repeat Analysis, which is used for identifying individuals Short Term Relay Analysis, which is used for forensic profiling Short Term Relay Analysis, which is used for ancestry analysis Short Tandem Relay Analysis, which is used for ancestry analysis
Short Tandem Repeat Analysis, which is used for identifying individuals
Okazaki Fragments The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide
Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase
Q: Select the types of cuts that restriction enzymes can make on DNA Sticky. Long-Short. Blunt. Sharp.
Sticky & Blunt
Q: What type of cut site leaves single stranded "tails" on the new ends? A. Blunt end B. EcoRI C. Sticky end D. ABcdE
Sticky End
Q: What type of mutation appears here? Substitution Replation Steal and Swap C to T identity transfer
Substitution
Q: Which Suspect's DNA matches one at the crime scene? Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Suspect 3
Suspect 2
Q: Which suspect's DNA matches the DNA evidence at CODIS site TH01? Suspect 1 and 2 Suspect 2 Suspect 1 Suspect 6
Suspect 2
Lagging Strand The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide
The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction
Leading Strand The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotideL
The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction
Q: When extracting a sample with a micropipette, you push the plunger The second hard stop The first soft stop The third harder stop I thought we use gravy pipettes
The first soft stop
Q: DNA and RNA share all nucleotide bases except for Thymine Adenine Cytosine Guanine
Thymine
Q: Which of the following is not a purpose of restriction enzymes? To cut DNA. To prepare DNA for gel electrophoresis To combine different strands of DNA. To create DNA.
To create DNA.
Q: What is the purpose of PCR To make science stuff sciency To make a few copies of RNA To make thousands of copies of DNA Strands To make a handful of DNA Strands
To make thousands of copies of DNA Strands
Q: What anticodon is complementary with the codon ACA? AGA TGA UGU ABCDEFG
UGU
Q: What is a sticky end? A blunt end that's sticky B. When Restriction enzymes cuts a DNA molecule, leaving single-stranded "tails" C. A cut that has a sticky and gooey consistency D. A dna fragment that contains no overhang at either end
When Restriction enzymes cuts a DNA molecule, leaving single-stranded "tails"
Q: What does a deletion or insertion mutation result in? frameshift silent missense nonsense
frameshift
Q: Which section of mRNA that is edited out before translation? exons introns codons DNA
introns
Q: Why do we need a Thermal Cycler to perform PCR? Choose the BEST answer it allows us to separate and connect DNA with heat Because humans are lazy and need a machine to do work for them The DNA needs to be warm to survive The DNA will be invisible unless it is warmed
it allows us to separate and connect DNA with heat