GENETICS Q3 EXAM

Q: Which of the following is not a micropipette volume measurement that we used in class? 2-20 μl. 20-200 μl. 10-100 μl. 100-1000μl

10-100 μl.

Q: How many CODIS sites are used by the FBI to identify individuals? 46 100 Depends on the weather 20

20

Q: How many base pairs are there in the human genome? A. 1 million B. 26 million C. 3 million D. 2 million

3 million

Q: In which direction is DNA synthesized in the lagging strand during DNA replication? 3' to 5' 5' to 3' forwards backwards

3' to 5'

Q: What is the correct volume shown in the diagram? 5.5μl 55μl 0.55μl 550μl

5.5μl

Q: What is the measurement on the micropipette? 5.0 μl 50.0 μl 500 μl Channing Tatum

50.0 μl

Q: What is the mRNA sequence of the DNA sequence: TCCAGGTCAGCGATC AGGUCCAGUCGCUAG AGGTCCAGTCGCTAG TCCAGGTCAGCGATC UGGACCUGACGCAUG

AGGUCCAGUCGCUAG

Q: What amino acid does GCA code for? A.ALA B.TYR C.ARG D.ASP

ALA

Q: What codon signals the beginning of a protein chain? AUG TAC PER the one that it starts on

AUG

Q: What is known as the "start" codon? A.PHE B.AUG C.MET D. GLY

AUG

Q: What does the enzyme DNA Polymerase do? Adds short primer to template strand Unwind and unzip double helix Add nucleotides Creates RNA

Add nucleotides

Q: What are some uses for PCR A. Mutation detection B. Forensics C. Sequencing D. All of the above

All of the above

Q: What is the process of DNA fingerprinting? Copying sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals Deleting sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals Analyzing sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals Organizing sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals

Analyzing sections of DNA that vary widely between individuals

Q: What is the difference between an anticodon and a codon in protein synthesis? Anticodon is located on tRNA while codons are present oin mRNA Codons code and the anticodons get rid of old codons Anticodons are harmful while codons are strong and awesome There is no difference

Anticodon is located on tRNA while codons are present oin mRNA

Q: What is CODIS? A. Change On DNA Index system B. Combined DNA Index System C. Cringey Operations Done In succession D. Characteristics Of DNA In Sequences

B. Combined DNA Index System

Q: Where does translation occur? A. The Nucleus B. The Ribosome C. The Mitochondria D. The Brain

B. The Ribosome

Q: By looking at a gel, how can you tell if there is a DNA match? By examining the banding patterns produced on the gel Smelling the gel and the DNA found from the crime scene Looking to see which RNA doesn't match up By performing PCR on the gel

By examining the banding patterns produced on the gel

Q: A codon reads GAG, what is its anticodon? A.GUG B.GTG C.CUC D.CTC

CUC

Q: Which is NOT one of the types of RNA we discussed in class? Messenger RNA (mRNA) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Coding RNA (cRNA) Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Coding RNA (cRNA)

Q: What is a triplet of bases in mRNA called in translation? Codon Anticodon Synthesis Three

Codon

Q: Which enzyme adds DNA nucleotides to the template strand during DNA replication? DNA polymerase Helicase Primase Nuclease

DNA polymerase

Q: A gene mutation where one base is omitted is called a Fragment shift Replacement Deletion Insertion

Deletion

Q: What are the different types of mutations? Mismatch, Missing, Addition Deletion, Substitution, Insertion Mutations don't exist RNA and DNA

Deletion, Substitution, Insertion

Helicase The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide

Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA

Primase The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide

Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer)

Polymerase The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide

Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide

Q: Which of the following replication proteins is used to unwind the DNA double helix? A.Primase B.DNA polymerase C.Helicase D.Helicopter

Helicase

Q: Gel electrophoresis creates DNA fingerprints that can used to do all of the following EXCEPT: Identify criminals Determine paternity Determine blood relatives Identify genetic abnormalities

Identify genetic abnormalities

Q: DNA is always synthesized in what direction? In the 5 ′to 3′ direction In the direction of the lagging strand In the 3 ′to 5′ direction In the direction of a monkey climbing a tree😐

In the 5 ′to 3′ direction

Q: Where does transcription (in eukaryotes) occur? In the nucleus In the endoplasmic reticulum In the adenine In the xylophones

In the nucleus

Q: What part of the genome are CODIS sites? Exons Introns PCR Any part

Introns

Q: Whose blood was at the crime scene? A.Bob B.Sue C.John D.Lisa

John

Q: Translate this strand of mRNA: AUG-GCG-AGG-CGG-CAG-CUG-UUA-UGG-UGA MET-ALA-ARG-ARG-GLN-LEU-LEU-TRP-STOP ABCDEFG STOP-MET-ALA-ARG-GLN-LEU-LEU-TRP MET-ALA-AGR-GLN-GLN-LEU-LEU-TRP=STOP

MET-ALA-ARG-ARG-GLN-LEU-LEU-TRP-STOP

Q: Translate this strand of mRNA: AUG-CUG-CAG-GCG-UUA-ACA-UGA A. Met - Phe - Ile - Pro - Pro - Pro - STOP B. this is untranslatable C. Start - protein - DNA - STOP D. Met - Leu - Gln - Ala - Leu - Thr - STOP

Met - Leu - Gln - Ala - Leu - Thr - STOP

Q: What type of fragments are these? Hiroshima Nagasaki Okazaki Miyagi

Okazaki

Q: In gel electrophoresis, the DNA races toward what end of the developing chamber? Positively charged Negatively charged purple triangle

Positively charged

: What is the process of Gel electrophoresis in order? Stain gel, Prepare samples, Load gel wells with samples, Place gel in chambers, Run gels, Stain gel Prepare samples, Place gel in chambers, Load gel wells with samples, Run gel sample, Stain gel Place gel in chambers, Prepare samples, Load gel wells with samples, Run gel, Stain gel Prepare sample, Stain gel, prepare samples before running, Place gel in chambers, Load gel wells with samples

Prepare samples, Place gel in chambers, Load gel wells with samples, Run gel sample, Stain gel

Q: What is created as result of translation? Proteins Large subunit Small subunit French subunits

Proteins

Q: What enzyme is needed for transcription? A. Nucleus B. DNA polymerase C. RNA polymerase D. Glue

RNA polymerase

Q: Where does protein synthesis occur? A. Nucleus B. Ribosome C. Endoplasm D. Cell wall

Ribosome

Antiparallel The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide

Running in opposite directions but are parallel

Q: Gel electrophoresis is the process that Allows DNA to be seen better Identifies blood type Separates DNA fragments Clumps DNA together

Separates DNA fragments

Q: What is a codon? Sequence of RNA that corresponds to an amino acid The co worker of Don A piece of RNA that scans for the variants of covid19 Sequence of DNA that corresponds to an amino acid

Sequence of RNA that corresponds to an amino acid

Q: What is STR Analysis? Short Tandem Repeat Analysis, which is used for identifying individuals Short Term Relay Analysis, which is used for forensic profiling Short Term Relay Analysis, which is used for ancestry analysis Short Tandem Relay Analysis, which is used for ancestry analysis

Short Tandem Repeat Analysis, which is used for identifying individuals

Okazaki Fragments The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide

Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase

Q: Select the types of cuts that restriction enzymes can make on DNA Sticky. Long-Short. Blunt. Sharp.

Sticky & Blunt

Q: What type of cut site leaves single stranded "tails" on the new ends? A. Blunt end B. EcoRI C. Sticky end D. ABcdE

Sticky End

Q: What type of mutation appears here? Substitution Replation Steal and Swap C to T identity transfer

Substitution

Q: Which Suspect's DNA matches one at the crime scene? Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Suspect 3

Suspect 2

Q: Which suspect's DNA matches the DNA evidence at CODIS site TH01? Suspect 1 and 2 Suspect 2 Suspect 1 Suspect 6

Suspect 2

Lagging Strand The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotide

The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction

Leading Strand The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction The DNA strand that is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction Short fragments created by lagging strand that are later joined together by DNA ligase Running in opposite directions but are parallel Enzyme that 'Unzips' the DNA Enzyme that attaches a short fragment of RNA (a primer) Enzyme that extends the primer, moves from 3' end to 5' end, while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleotideL

The DNA strand that is oriented in the 5' to 3' direction

Q: When extracting a sample with a micropipette, you push the plunger The second hard stop The first soft stop The third harder stop I thought we use gravy pipettes

The first soft stop

Q: DNA and RNA share all nucleotide bases except for Thymine Adenine Cytosine Guanine

Thymine

Q: Which of the following is not a purpose of restriction enzymes? To cut DNA. To prepare DNA for gel electrophoresis To combine different strands of DNA. To create DNA.

To create DNA.

Q: What is the purpose of PCR To make science stuff sciency To make a few copies of RNA To make thousands of copies of DNA Strands To make a handful of DNA Strands

To make thousands of copies of DNA Strands

Q: What anticodon is complementary with the codon ACA? AGA TGA UGU ABCDEFG

UGU

Q: What is a sticky end? A blunt end that's sticky B. When Restriction enzymes cuts a DNA molecule, leaving single-stranded "tails" C. A cut that has a sticky and gooey consistency D. A dna fragment that contains no overhang at either end

When Restriction enzymes cuts a DNA molecule, leaving single-stranded "tails"

Q: What does a deletion or insertion mutation result in? frameshift silent missense nonsense

frameshift

Q: Which section of mRNA that is edited out before translation? exons introns codons DNA

introns

Q: Why do we need a Thermal Cycler to perform PCR? Choose the BEST answer it allows us to separate and connect DNA with heat Because humans are lazy and need a machine to do work for them The DNA needs to be warm to survive The DNA will be invisible unless it is warmed

it allows us to separate and connect DNA with heat