Interview Prep

What is the horizontal stabilizer for?

(TAIL DOWN FORCE) Provides pitch axis stability

At FL350, restriction to cross a fix at FL230. How far from the fix do you need to start down and at what VSI do you need to descend if you are traveling at 400kts groundspeed?

-36 miles out, 2000 feet per minute -400 / 60mins = 6.6nm p/min FL350 to FL230 = 12000ft. 6mins for descent = starting at 39.6nm with VSI 2000ft/min

What rate of decent is required to maintain a 3 degree glide-slope if your ground-speed is 160KIAS?

-800FPM *Half your ground speed and add a 0, OR multiply ground speed by 5

What is DA/DH?

-DA is in feet above mean sea level DH is in feet above ground level Decision Altitude/Decision Height is a specific altitute/height in a precision approach that initiate a missed approach if the required visual references to continue have not been met.

If weather drops below mins when you're outside of FAF can you continue?

-NO No. Follow the published missed procedure or as directed by ATC

When does RVSM airspace start? What equipment do you need?

FL 290 equipment needed is, altitude reporting transponder and an altitude alert system

At what point should you be fully configured on an Instrument approach?

Final Approach Fix (FAF) or per company standard operating procedure (SOP)

How do you takeoff IFR from an airport when the tower is closed?

Get a clearance void time and be off prior to the void time

How far out is local altimeter useable?

100nm

You lose comms with ATC, what frequency would you attempt to call them on?

121.5 In the first instance I might go back to previous frequency. Then go to 121.5

How far out is a localizer usable?

18 NM if you are 10 degrees off runway centerline.

According to the TAF when would you NOT need an alternate?

1h before to 1h after ETA, the forecast is better than 3SM visibility and 2000 ceiling

When will you see straight in mins for the LDA?

30 degrees or less from the center line, and a descent from the MDA to the MAP using normal maneuvers.

What is the reciprocal of 150?

330

What are the standard minimum weather requirements for an alternate with a precision approach?

600' 2 miles

What are the standard minimum weather requirements for an alternate with a non-precision approach?

800' 2 miles

Which altimeter scenario do you ignore? A. static pressure changes B. Instrument error C. Changes in atmospheric pressure and temps.

A

What is a Dutch Roll?

A combination of rolling and yawing (coupled lateral/directional) oscillations that normally occurs when dihedral effects of an aircraft are more powerful than the directional stability.

If the weather at the departure airport is below landing minimums what do you need?

A departure alternate airport within 1 hr at normal cruise speed with only one engine operating.

What color is an airport beacon?

Alternating white and green (civil land)

What is adverse Yaw?

Natural and undesirable tendency for an aircraft to yaw in the opposite direction of a roll.

What are some reasons you'd have to do a go around?

Not having the runway in sight, more than 3/4 deflection on the glide slope, unstable approach

What are a few reasons why you wouldn't have to preform the Procedure Turn?

SHARPTT Straight in Hold Arc Radar Vectors No PT Teardrop Timed Approach

What takes priority an ATC clearance or TCAS resolution Advisory?

TCAS RA

What does zero fuel weight mean, and why is it significant?

The maximum weight of the aircraft (payload included) with zero fuel. This is a structural limitation.

What happens when an airplane exceeds the critical angle of attack?

There is insufficient lift and therefore a stall is most likely to occur

We find something is broken on the preflight, can we take-off?

Check MEL, then follow company procedures for inop equipment.

What are non standard alternate weather minimums?

They are nonstandard meaning it is written in the takeoff minimum section with specific instructions

A note on an approach plate says VGSI and GP not coincident. What does that mean?

Vertical glide slope indicator is not coincident with glide path

What is VDP?

Visual Descent Point A defined point on the final approach course of a non-precision straight-in approach procedure from which normal descent from the MDA to the runwayrunway- or approach lights- or other markings identifiable with the approach end of that runway are clearly visible to the pilot.

You are inbound for an approach at 8,000 ft MSL and the approach starts at 2,000 ft MSL, when can you descend?

When cleared for the approach and established on a published portion of the approach.

If you're cleared to taxi to a runway does that clear you to cross the other runways?

no

What color are runway END lights?

red

If a headwind transitions to a tailwind, what would happen?

wind-shear, possible go-around to avoid stall

How do you pick an alternate?

Close enough to be within range of fuel capacity after attempting to land at destination, has appropriate instrument approach options, yet far enough away to not be experiencing the same weather as the destination.

Define CRM.

Crew Resource Management - is the effective use of all available resources for flight crew personnel to assure a safe and efficient operation, reducing error, avoiding stress and increasing efficiency.

What impact does using anti-ice/de-ice have on performance?

Decreases Performance... Aka thrust from increased amount of bleed air coming from the engine.

If you have Autopilot/flight director, how low can you go?

Depends on the aircraft and company SOP

What are the IFR Fuel Requirements?

Destination, furthest alternate, 45 mins

When is a beacon needed?

During all types of operations (day and night) - AIM 4.3.23 Use of aircraft lights

When are shoulder straps required to be worn?

Each occupant of a seat equipped with a shoulder harness or with a combined safety belt and shoulder harness must have the shoulder harness or combined safety belt and shoulder harness properly secured about that occupant during TAKEOFF and LANDING, EXCEPT that a shoulder harness that is not combined with a safety belt may be unfastened if the occupant cannot perform the required duties with the shoulder harness fastened. 121.311

When are you established in holding?

-As soon as you cross the fix, you are established in the hold. Even if you are about to perform an entry procedure such as teardrop or parallel, you are established -You are considered established in the holding pattern upon initial passage of the holding fix.

**BEST model

-Be good stewards of our resources -Encourage a culture of fun and action -Strive for excellence -Trust, respect and care for one another

What are the lowest ILS mins with cl (CAT 1) & TDZL(touch down zone and center lighting)?

200 DH and 1800 RVR

What is the holding speed at 4,000ft?

200 knots 200 Knots is the right answer. (For civil aircraft (not military) in the United States and Canada, these airspeeds are: Up to 1,800 m (6,000 ft) MSL: 200 KIAS. From 1,829 to 4,267 m (6,001 to 14,000 ft) MSL: 230 KIAS. 4,268 m (14,001 ft) MSL and above: 265 KIAS.)

What is the Max airspeed for Class D airspace?

200 kts

What is a Lambert Conformal Conic Projection?

A map which makes a round earth appear flat

You have a commercial type rating in the 727/737, you complete an atp check ride in a 747. Which airplanes can you operate in an atp capacity?

ATP: 727/737/747

Where is the end of the touchdown zone on a runway?

After the first third or 3000 feet whichever is less.

Define IFR conditions

Ceiling less than 1000ft AGL, and/or visibility less than 3sm

What determines the touchdown zone and aiming point markings on a runway?

Distance. 500' between each set of Markings; Aiming point is 1000' from from the beginning of the Threshold Markings.

What do the dashed lines mean on the sides of a taxiway centerline?

Enhanced centerline markings. Alert you that you are approaching a hold short line.

When is a TAKEOFF alternate required?

No person may takeoff an aircraft under IFR from an airport where weather conditions are at or above takeoff minimums but are below authorized IFR landing minimums unless there is an alternate airport within 1 hour's flying time (at normal cruising speed, in still air) of the airport of departure.

When can you log actual instrument time?

FAR 61.51(g) A person may log instrument time only for that flight time when the person operates the aircraft solely by reference to instruments under actual or simulated instrument flight conditions.

At what altitude is the crew required to wear an oxygen mask?

FL 410 at least one pilot must have oxygen mask on and above FL250 if one pilot is out of the cockpit the remaining pilot must wear mask

Color of threshold lights?

Green on landing, red at the departure end

Where is the touchdown zone?

Ideally, within the first 3000', but the touchdown markings begin 500' BEFORE the aiming point (big double white bars) and extend at 500' intervals.

Lose an engine after v1 with 7000ft of runway remaining what do you do?

If it is after V1, then by definition you continue.

What are the Intensities of icing?

Trace, light, moderate, severe

What are the different intensities of turbulence?

light, moderate, severe, and extreme

Can you takeoff on a displaced threshold?

yes

Do you need to report entering a hold in radar environment?

yes

What is clear air turbulence and where do you find it?

-CAT are associated with Jetstreams. You can find reports of them on Prog Charts and Upper Level Analysis Charts. Also in GFAs -Clear air turbulence, is the turbulence created by the friction between different currents of wind, you may find it above 15,000 ft

When can we go below minimums?

-When approach lights in sight 91.175(c)(3)(i) Descend to 100 ft above TDZE with approach lights in sight, but NOT the red terminating bars or red side row bars Descend to runway with: Threshold. Threshold markings. Threshold lights. Runway end identifier lights. Visual approach slope indicator. Touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings. Touchdown zone lights. Runway or runway markings. Runway lights.

Should you be concerned if you have a 5000' runway on a 5000' elevation airport?

-Yes, you come in faster, Gs+TAS is faster -Yes, performance is decreased longer takeoff roll required

You are on the missed and you exceed the critical angle of attack - what is happening?

If you have exceeded the critical angle of attack of the prescribed aircraft, you would be stalling at this point. Proper procedure would be to apply power if availble and lower angle of attack to reconnect the air flow over the airfoil thence breaking the stall regaining control of the aircraft.

On landing roll the captain starts to turn off on a crossing runway what do you do (you were only cleared to land)?

Immediate tell him to stop and that we do not have clearance. If runway incursion occurs, advise ATC immediately so that they are aware the crossing runway is not safe

How do you identify the FAF on this approach?

In this case it was by DME.

When you get out of ground effect will you increase parasitic or induced drag?

Induced Drag due to the higher Angle of Attack required to maintain the same amount of Lift

What is induced drag?

Induced drag is a byproduct of lift

What would you do if the captain was going to land the plane when you were going in below minimums?

Just say on the radio you are going missed because at that point he legally has to.

Read a METAR, answer the following: Would you go flying with this weather With this weather do we need a Takeoff alternate? Under Part 121, can we takeoff with this weather?

Just use common sense. It's great to know what you can legally do, but it shows something else to know that, even if you have minimums, it may not be a good idea to go flying right now. Also, today, a lot of sites and apps will decide the METARs for you, and airlines generally understand that, as it reduces stress. If you don't know what a certain part of the codes METAR represents, do the best you can and then say "I'm not completely sure what this means, but here's what I think it means, and I would verify this by looking at 'X government publication.'"

Crossing restrictions situations and what would you say to ATC when you check on with a restriction?

Know that if you are given a crossing restriction then handed off to another controller, you must check on with the new controlling agency WITH YOUR CROSSING RESTRICTION

What altimeter setting is class A based off of?

29.92 Standard Sea Level Pressure

What is the altimeter setting at/above FL180?

29.92 in hg, or 1013mb

Minimum altitude for turnout on departure

400

What can you expect from your airplane at a high elevation airport?

Aircraft needs more runway and engine performance weaker than Sea Level due to less dense Air molecules

As altitude increases, what happens to true airspeed?

As altitude increases TAS also increases

Engine failure after V1 but before V2 what do you do?

Continue the takeoff

If ATC tells you to climb but RA says descend what would you do?

Descend

What do red center line lights mean?

Last 1000' feet of runway - AIM 2-1-5a

What is minimum vectoring altitude?

Lowest altitude at which an IFR aircraft will be vectored by ATC. On the chart - only listed on controller charts, not available to pilots.

What is PRM?

PRM is one type of radar system that can be used to allow simultaneous approaches on parallel runways that are spaced less than 1,310 metres (4,300 ft) to each other.

Which is boss, RVR or vis?

RVR

Read a metar and TAF at KDEN, Briefed the ILS in KIND What is the biggest obstruction on the plate, What does 1800RVR mean.

RVR of 1800 is 3/8th mile

What are you expected to do prior to entering a hold?

Reduce Airspeed

What does RVSM mean?

Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) -RVSM was implemented to reduce the vertical separation above flight level (FL) 290 from 2000-ft minimum to 1000-ft minimum. -It allows aircraft to safely fly more optimum profiles, gain fuel savings and increase airspace capacity.

What is a displaced threshold?

Taxi and takeoff, Not landing

What is the difference between light chop and light turbulence?

Turbulence that momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and/or attitude (pitch, roll, yaw). Report as Light Turbulence; 1 or Turbulence that causes slight, rapid and somewhat rhythmic bumpiness without appreciable changes in altitude or attitude. Report as Light Chop

When would you turn off the autopilot flying this approach?

Typically 50' below the MDA/DH(DA)

When to expect icing with ambient temps below 0, 5 or 10

Visible moisture or in the clouds/ below 5 degrees

If weather drops below mins when you're inside the FAF can you continue?

YES

Can you cross a runway without clearance from ground?

Yes, if the tower is closed

What would you do if TCAS alert told you to do something different than ATC instructed?

You ALWAYS follow a working TCAS alert period. When the pull up command is given you have just a few seconds to react. Any hesitation to out think the machine will be too much. The traffic, traffic, get your attention. The Pull up is when you need to pull up. It saved me once.

What is a blast pad?

You may not taxi, take off or land on a blast pad unless it is an emergency. Marked with yellow chevrons.

Will leaving ground effect require a higher AOA Receive an indication of icing, do you: A. Check for icing with ice light B. Use de-icing boots multiple times C. Use boots once

You will need a higher AOA while leaving ground effect to maintain the same amount of lift. Use de-icing boots several times to remove residual ice.

ATC clears you to cross a fix at FL180 then hands you off, the next controller clears you to 14,000 feet. What do you do?

query controller and than go down to 14000 if that really is what the controller wants

What is carb icing, and how does it happen?

Moist intake air freezes in the carburetor due to the drop in temperature. Caused by the decreased pressure through the venturi.

When would a rotating beacon be on during the day?

Vis less than 3sm, ceilings less than 1000ft (IFR conditions)

In one word describe why you teach chandelles and lazy eights.

coordination