Production Midterm

Lawrence Tibbett

Opera cuban love song

"The Moody Blues"

Small Faces-orcchestrated, mellotron, verb

"Be My Baby"

The Ronettes, Spector

Ahmet Ertegun

founder of Atlantic

Axis: Bold As Love

recorded in different studios, Olympic

Abbey Road

used eight track machines for 1st time, individual songs, harrison songs, one of first uses of Moog synth

The Four Freshman

vocal harmonies, "Graduation Day", "Love is Around the Corner"

"Up From The Skies"

wah wah

EXP

wild guitar noise, feedback, and panning

White Album

- created as more individual tracks

Sgt. Pepper

- last unified beatles album, direct box invented

"Penny Lane"

3 weeks to complete, 8 tracks, overdubs

Arif Mardin

Atlantic Team

Jerry Wexler

Atlantic Team

"Rain"

Backwards lead vox, tape speed experimentation, bass up in mix

"A Taste of honey"

Beatles: paul double tracked vox

"Misery"

Beatles: recorded at 30 ips to facilitate easier superimposition of piano later

"Stand By Me"

Ben E. King- ex of echo chamber

Vienna Philharmonic

Better dynamic range from 1936 to 1955

"Peggy Sue"

Buddy Holly, echo chamber, tape delay= slapback

"Everyday"

Buddy Holly, hands slappping legs for drums, room sound on vox

"I Get a Kick Out of You"

Charlie Parker : drums presence, punch

"Red Cross"

Charlie Parker: drums in room

"A Day In The Life"

Created in studio, john song with paul song in middle, 1st time in history recorded to a second four track machine in sync with first

"Up On The Roof"

Echo Chamber, first record "producer" term used

"Jailhouse Rock"

Elvis, Echo chamber, tape echo= slapback, drums make punch

"That's All Right"

Elvis, echo chamber, tape echo

Roles of Producer

Find and secure talent, organize recording session, decide on best complete take of each recording, deal with business aspects along with recording company,

Selling England By The Pound

Genesis- distorted organ, electric sitar, bass pedals, synth, vox, sound effects

Foxtrot

Genesis- organ, mellotron, 12 string, bass pedals, synth, doubling, fuzz, meter changes

Phil Spector

Gold Star Studios, wall of sound, wrecking crew

Chaz Chandler

Hendrix producer, spent own money, recorded at different places

Eddie Kramer

Hendrix's newer producer

"Burning of the Midnight Lamp"

Hendrix, like the wall of sound

Creative Producer

Instrumentalist, songwriter, creative partner

"Twist and Shout"

John's voice about to give

Yes

Keyboards galore, layered guitars, rickebacker bass, big background vox, dynamics, meter and tempo changes

Lark's Tounges in Aspic

King Crimson: Excotic percussion, violin, mellotron, building rhythmic motifs

"How High the Moon"

Les Paul: Tape Speed, many overdubs, tape echo

"What I'd Say"

Ray Charles: electric piano, Atlantic

"Little Wing"

Slapback echo on the vox, cavernous revrb on drums, glockenspiel

"Itchycoo Park"

Small Faces- first instance of manual phasing

Sam Phillips

Sun Records, non commercial

"Tomorrow Never Knows"

Tape Loops, reverse tape loops, ADT for doubling, close micing of kick

"Charlie Brown"

The Coasters, Atlantic

"He's A Rebel"

The Crystals, close mic, toms, Spector

Tape Echo

Time from recording to tape head, adjusted by speed

Sound on Sound

Two heads, one machine

Buddy Holly

Used slapback vox echo, unusual drum sounds, art of making records

Are You Experienced

backwards guitar, cymbal, and drums, whammy bar

Sidney Bechet

bassoons piano, drums, sax

Hollywood

behind in tech, developing wall of sound, producer as auteur

Studer C37

considered one of the best four tracks ever

"Please Please Me"

cut in mono one take, remixed for stereo later

Les Paul

disk recording, between two machines, invented echo, delay phasing, etc.

Hendrix

distortion pedals, wah wah, tape delay, fender strat and marshall full stack

"God Only Knows"

doubled lead vocals, slap delay on bass, delay with feedback on perc

Very Technical Producer

engineers and/or mixes recording and does non technical jobs too

"I want to hold your hand"

first four track for the beatles

"Eight Days a Week"

first unfinished idea completed in studio, intro and outro added

Non creative Producer

like film producer, facilitates artistic process

"Strawberry Fields Forever"

mellotron, many takes, versions, instruments

"In My Life"

middle eighth of song left blank for overdub

"River Deep, Mountain High"

mono, shitty

"Foxey Lady"

moving strings across frets with amp turned up, feedback, panned vox, amazing solo

"Manic Dpression"

new guitar sounds, unison bends, feedback, wild drums, doubling lead guitar with vox, feedback, cymbal fade up

Tom Dowd

new process, mixdown invents modern recording session

NYC

new technology, multi tracks to add new instruments, not songwriters

Non Technical Producer

picks songs, chooses takes, sets stage for best environment, psychologoist

"Good Vibrations"

pocket symphony, hammond organ, slap delay on bass, chaber on vox, edit between verse and chorus, celllo staccato, tannerin

Emerson, Lake, and Palmer Tarkus

power trio with no guitars, hammond organ, moog synth

Please Please Me album

single 13 hour session

"Spanish Castle Magi"

super long delayed vox reverb, piano doubling the bass and guitar riffs

Maestro Echoplex 1959

tape cartridge