ISDS EXAM 2 Multiple Choice
Ten samples of a process measuring the number of returns per 100 receipts were taken for a local retail store. The number of returns were 10, 9, 11, 7, 3, 12, 8, 4, 6, and 11. Find the standard deviation of the sampling distribution for the p-bar chart.
0.0273
A waiting line model meeting the assumptions of M/M/1 has an arrival rate of 2 per hour and a service rate of 6 per hour. What is the utilization factor for the system?
0.33
An assembly line has 10 stations with times of 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., 10, respectively. What is the bottleneck time?
18.18% of the throughput time
A work system has five stations that have process times of 5, 9, 4, 9, and 8. What is the throughput time of the system?
35
Christopher's Cranks uses a machine that can produce 100 cranks per hour. The firm operates 12 hours per day, five days per week. Due to regularly scheduled preventive maintenance, the firm expects the machine to be running during approximately 95% of the available time. Based on experience with other products, the firm expects to achieve an efficiency level for the cranks of 85%. What is the expected weekly output of cranks for this company?
4,845
The Academic Computing Center has five trainers available in its computer labs to provide training sessions to students. Assume that the design capacity of the system is 1900 students per semester and that effective capacity equals 90% of design capacity. If the number of students who actually got their orientation session is 1500, what is the efficiency of the system?
87.7%
A work system has five stations that have process times of 5, 9, 4, 9, and 8. What is the bottleneck time?
9
T/F A process that is in statistical control will always yield products that meet their design specifications
False
T/F An example of the postponement strategy for improving service productivity is having the customer wait until you have sufficient time to serve the customer
False
T/F A waiting-line system with one waiting line and three sequential processing stages is a multiple-server, single-phase system
False
T/F Capacity decisions are based on technological concerns, not demand forecasts
False
T/F The typical full-service restaurant uses a product-focused process
False
T/F To measure the voltage of batteries, one would sample by attributes
False
T/F. A process is said to be in statistical control when assignable causes are the only sources of variation
False
A concert hall, employing both ticket takers and ushers to seat patrons, behaves typically as which of the following?
Multiple-server; multiphase style
Consider a production line with five stations. Station 1 can produce a unit in 9 minutes. Station 2 can produce a unit in 10 minutes. Station 3 has two identical machines, each of which can process a unit in 12 minutes (each unit only needs to be processed on one of the two machines. Station 4 can produce a unit in 5 minutes. Station 5 can produce a unit in 8 minutes. Which station is the bottleneck station?
Station 2
A manager tells her production employees, "It's no longer good enough that your work falls anywhere within the specification limits. I need your work to be as close to the target value as possible." Her thinking is reflective of:
Taguchi concepts
T/F A copy center has five machines that serve many customers throughout the day. The waiting-line system for copy service has an infinite population, while the waiting-line system for copier maintenance has a finite population
True
T/F A c-chart is appropriate to plot the number of flaws in a bolt of fabric
True
T/F Acceptance sampling accepts or rejects an entire lot based on the information contained in the sample
True
T/F Averages of small samples, not individual measurements, are generally used in statistical process control
True
T/F A cause-and-effect diagram helps identify the sources of a problem
True
T/F Changes in capacity may lead, lag, or straddle the demand
True
T/F Design capacity is the theoretical maximum output of a system in a given period under ideal conditions
True
T/F In process-focused facilities, utilization of facilities is low
True
T/F In statistical process control, the range is often used as a substitute for the standard deviation
True
T/F In the analysis of queuing models, the Poisson distribution often describes arrival rates, while service times are often described by the negative exponential distribution
True
T/F Intermittent processed are organized around processes
True
T/F Internal failure costs are associated with scrap, rework, and downtime
True
T/F Line Employees need the knowledge of TQM tools:
True
T/F Mistakes stemming from workers' inadequate training represent an assignable cause of variation
True
T/F One of the ways that just-in-time (or JIT) influences quality is that by reducing inventory, bad quality is exposed.
True
T/F Pareto charts are a graphical way of identifying the few critical items form the many less important ones
True
T/F TQM is important because each of the ten decisions made by operations managers deals with some aspect of identifying and meeting customer expectations
True
T/F The cost of waiting decreases as the service level increases:
True
T/F The phrase Six Sigma has two meanings. One is statistical, referring to an extremely high process, product, or service capability; the other is a comprehensive system for achieving and sustaining business success
True
T/F The steeper an OC curve, the better it discriminates between good and bad lots
True
A production manager at a pottery factory has noticed that about 70 percent of defects result from impurities in raw materials, 15 percent result from human error, 10 percent from machine malfunctions, and 5 percent from a variety of other causes
a Pareto Chart
A fishbone chart is also known as
a cause-and-effect diagram
A system in which the customer receives service from only one station and then exits the system is which of the following?
a single-phase system
A good layout requires determining: a. all of the above b. cost of moving between various work areas c. material handling equipment d. environment and aesthetics e. capacity and space requirements
a. all of the above
Consumer's risk is the probability of:
accepting a bad lot
A waiting line, or queuing, system has three parts, which are:
arrivals or inputs queue discipline or the waiting line itself and the service of the facility
Which of the following products is likely to be assembled on a repetitive process line?
automobiles
The common measures of a queuing system's performance include:
average time each customer spends in the system, probability that the service system will be idle, and average time each customer spends in the queue
The process of identifying other organizations that are best at some facet of your operations and then modeling your organization after them is known as:
benchmarking
Which of the following is not one of the four principles of bottleneck management?
bottlenecks should be moved to the end of the system process
A customer service manager at a retail clothing store has collected numerous customer complaints from the forms they fill out on merchandise returns. To analyze trends or patterns in these returns, she has organized these complaints into a small number of sources or factors. This is most closely related to the ________ tool of TQM.
cause-and-effect diagram
A successful TQM program incorporates all EXCEPT which of the following?
centralized decision-making authority
Which of the following represents a common way to manage capacity in the service sector?
changes in staffing levels
Which of the following statements regarding "proximity" in the location decision is FALSE?
clustering among fast food chains occurs because they need to be near their labor supply
For which of the following operations would a fixed-position layout be MOST appropriate?
constructing a highway tunnel
Which of the following is an example of a finite arrival population?
copy machines in a copying shop that break down
In the mass service and service factory quadrants of the service process matrix, the operations manager could focus on all of the following except:
customization
The objective of layout strategy is to:
develop an effective and efficient layout that will meet the firm's competitive requirements
Statistical process control charts:
display upper and lower limits for process variables or attributes and signal when a process is no longer in control
Which of the following is the best example of the proximity rule that, for service firms, proximity to market is the most important location factor?
few people will travel out-of state for a routine haircut
Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Model A or M/M/1 system?
finite population size
One of the major advantages of process-oriented layouts is:
flexibility in equipment and labor assignment
An organization whose capacity is on that portion of the average unit cost curve that falls as output rises:
has a facility that is below optimum operating level and should build a larger facility
Which of the following assumptions is NOT associated with strategies for goods-producing location decisions?
high customer-contact issues are critical
A product-focused process is commonly used to produce:
high-volume, low-variety products
When sample measurements falls inside the control limits, it means that:
if there is no other pattern in the samples, the process is in control
Assignable Variation:
is to be identified and investigated
If a sample of items is taken and the mean of the sample is outside the control limits, the process is:
likely out of control and the cause should be investigated
The reason fast food restaurants often are found in close proximity to each other is:
location clustering near high traffic flows
Which of the following phrases best describes process focus?
low volume, high variety
Which of the following is not one of the strategies for improving service productivity?
mass customization
Retail layouts are based on the notion that:
maximizing customer exposure rate maximized sales and profits
Industrial location analysis typically attempts to:
minimize costs
An airline ticket counter, with several agents for one line of customers, is an example of which of the following?
multiple-server, single-phase system
Up to three standard deviations above or below the centerline is the amount of variation that statistical process control allows for:
natural variation
Members of quality circles are:
none of the above; all of the statements are false
Which of the following is NOT one of the major categories of costs associated with quality?
none of the above; they are all major categories of costs associated with quality
Which type of layout features departments or other functional groupings in which similar activities are performed?
process-oriented
What layout strategy deals with low-volume, high-variety production?
process-oriented layout
The _____ layout's main objective is to equalize the task time for each station
product oriented
Frito-Lay is to ________ focus as Harley Davidson is to ________ focus
product; repetitive
Which of these factors would be considered when making a location decision at the region/community level?
proximity to raw materials and customers
Which of the following is a location analysis technique typically employed by a service organization?
purchasing power analysis
What shape does the quality loss function exhibit?
quadratic
According to the manufacturing-based definition of quality:
quality is the degree to which a specific product conforms to standards
In location planning, environmental regulations, cost and availability of utilities, and taxes are:
regional/ community factors
Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Model B or M/M/S system?
single server
A McDonald's single−lane drive−through that has one window for making the payment and a second window for receiving the food behaves most like which of the following?
single-server, multiphase system
Adding a complementary product to what is currently being produced is a demand management strategy used when:
the existing product has seasonal or cyclical demand
Which of the following statements regarding "Six Sigma" is TRUE?
the term has two distinct meanings—one is statistical; the other is a comprehensive quality system
One of the similarities between process focus and mass-customization is:
the variety of outputs
Which of the following represents an unlimited queue?
toll booth serving automobiles on an interstate
The cross over point is that production quantity where:
total costs for one process equal total costs for another process
Harley Davidson:
uses work cells to feed its assembly line
Which of the following is most likely to affect the location strategy of a manufacturing firm?
utility costs
Which of the following is FALSE regarding control charts?
values above the upper control limits imply that the product's quality is exceeding expectations
"A special arrangement of machinery and equipment to focus on production of a single product or group of related products" describes what layout type?
work cell