ISP Final exam

Which statement is false? x-rays A) are generated by 150,000 volt electrons slamming into a metal electrode B) are generated by two different mechanisms, one that produces and x-ray beam containing a continuous range of wavelengths and another that produces specific wavelengths characteristic of the metal used for the target C) can be analyzed for energy or for wavelength by two different types of detectors. D) are readily absorbed by either heavy metal atoms or by light atoms such as carbon

B) are generated by two different mechanisms, one that produces and x-ray beam containing a continuous range of wavelengths and another that produces specific wavelengths characteristic of the metal used for the target

Organic compounds are those that always contain A) carbon and oxygen B) carbon and hydrogen C) hydrogen and oxygen D) sulfur and phosphorus

B) carbon and hydrogen

Which statement is false? Polarized Light Microscopy A) can be used to distinguish between crystals that are isotropic and those that are anisotropic B) depends on light moving through anisotropic crystals by slitting into two beams that are moving at the same speed through the crystal C) produces colors when visible light passes through grossed polarizers and there is an interference between the two beams that are exiting the analyzer D) can be used to tell the thickness of crystals if the type of crystal being studied is known.

B) depends on light moving through anisotropic crystals by slitting into two beams that are moving at the same speed through the crystal

If potassium chloride is placed in water, it will A) form a strong covalent bond with water molecules B) dissociate into separate ions C) not mix with the water D) become nonpolar

B) dissociate into separate ions

In a normal situation, all atoms are: A) positively charged B) electrically neutral C) negatively charged

B) electrically neutral

Which of the following pigment binders is soluble in water A) linseed oil B) gum C) alkyd resin D) paraffin wax

B) gum

When a partially positively charged hydrogen atom of one water molecule is attracted to a partially negatively charged oxygen atom of another water molecule: A) covalent bonding occurs B) hydrogen bonding occurs C) ionic bonding occurs D) metallic bonding occurs

B) hydrogen bonding occurs

When different forms for the same atom exist due to the difference in the number of neutrons, they are known as: A) atoms B) isotopes C) neutrons D) molecules

B) isotopes

In UV fluoresence produced by a solid sample, the wavelength of the fluoresence is ___ the wavelength of the absorbed light A) shorted than B) longer than C) the same as D) equal to

B) longer than

Molecular iodine would be A) equally soluble in all four of the following B) most soluble in carbon tetrachloride C) most soluble in water D) most soluble in vinegar (acetic acid and water) E) most soluble in vodka (ethanol and water)

B) most soluble in carbon tetrachloride

A solute is most likely to be highly soluble in a solvent if the solute is __ and the solvent is ___ A) ionic/polar, non polar B) polar, polar C) non polar, polar D) non polar, ionic

B) polar, polar

Which of the pairs below are equal to each other in an atom A) neutrons and protons B) protons and electrons C) neutrons and electrons D) atomic number and mass number E) mass number and electrons

B) protons and electrons

Linseed oil is a mixture of molecules of which of the following types A) hydrocarbon B) triglyceride C) carbohydrate D) organic solvent

B) triglyceride

The Stokes line in a Raman spectrum is shifted to lower frequency (lower energy) relative to the Raleigh scattered line by an amount equal to the energy of ____ in the molecule A) rotation B) vibration C) ionization D) bonding

B) vibration

Absorption of what type of electromagnetic radiation results in ejection of an electron from an atom or molecule A) microwave B) x-ray C) infrared light D) radiowaves E) ultraviolet light

B) x-ray

How many other atoms is carbon atom bonded to if it has one double bond and the rest single? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

C) 3

Which statement among the following is true? A) Electrons are largely responsible for the weight of an atom B) Protons could easily move from one atom to another for the formation of molecules C) Depending on the number of electrons, they are moving in multiple orbitals, sub-shells, or shells D) Neutrons are another name for protons

C) Depending on the number of electrons, they are moving in multiple orbitals, sub-shells, or shells

The concept of "like dissolves like" is illustrated by which of the following? A) NaCl is more soluble in CCl₄ than in water B) I₂ is more soluble in water than in CCl₄ C) I₂ is more soluble in CCl₄ than in water D) CuSO₄ is more soluble in CCl₄ than in water E) CCl₄ is soluble in water

C) I₂ is more soluble in CCl₄ than in water

When an atom is electrically charged (either positive or negative) it is known as: A) a molecule B) a proton C) an ion D) an element

C) an ion

Potassium chloride is formed when a potassium ion (K⁺) is attracted to a chloride ion (Cl⁻). Therefore, potassium chloride is A) an atom B) a molecule C) an ionic compound D) a metal E) all of these

C) an ionic compound

If a particle is in a one-dimensional box and is in its ground state, where would you most probably find the particle? A) at the two ends of the box B) in the center of the box C) anywhere in the box D) either side of the center of the box

C) anywhere in the box

Which of the following statements is false? A) In ionic bonding one atom transfers electrons to another, creating ions with differing charge B) Beryl is a silicate mineral C) Carbon 14 is an excellent radioactive isotope with which to date the age of the earth D) when an atom or molecule loses and electron, it is then known as a cation.

C) carbon 14 is an excellent radioactive isotope with which to date the age of the earth

Ultriviolet light is an example of A) chemical energy B) electric energy C) electromagnetic energy D) heat energy E) mechanical energy

C) electromagnetic energy

In ionic bonding A) only non-polar molecules are involved B) a "sea of electrons" is formed C) electrons are transferred from one atom to another D) two hydrogen atoms share one pair of electrons

C) electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Which of the following is an organic compound? A) hydrochloric acid (HCl) B) Salt (NaCl) C) glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) D) water (H₂O)

C) glucose

Which statement is true? Infrared relectography A) relies on the absorption of infrared light by opaque pigments B) is a technique that employs far infrared photons C) is based on the absorption of infrared photons by charcoal but transmission of photons through most opaque pigment layers D) none of the above are true

C) is based on the absorption of infrared photons by charcoal but transmission of photons through most opaque pigment layers

¹⁴N and ¹⁵N are A) different elements B) atoms with different atomic numbers C) isotopes of the same element D) identical except for different numbers of electrons E) identical except for different numbers of protons

C) isotopes of the same element

In a mass spectrometer, ions in the gas phase formed by ionization of the molecules to be analyzed are separated using electric and magnetic fields based on which of the following properties of the molecule? A) color B) charge of the ion C) mass of each ion formed D) number of atoms in the molecule

C) mass of each ion formed

When molecules are formed by sharing electrons equally, those molecules are called: A) salt molecules B) polar covalent C) non-polar covalent D) macromolecules

C) non-polar covalent

Atomic number of an element is determined by: A) number of neutrons B) position of electrons C) number of protons D) total number of electrons and protons

C) number of protons

Chemical bonding occures when the _____ are transferred or shared between atoms A) outer protons B) largest neutrons C) outermost electrons D) innermost electrons E) outermost protons

C) outermost electrons

Which of the following forms of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelength? A) infrared B) visible light C) ultraviolet D) radio waves E) microwaves

C) ultraviolet

The phrase "like dissolves like" describes: A) the interaction of a polar and nonpolar substance. B) why water is hydrogen bonded C) why water and ethanol mix D) solubility of ionic compounds in nonpolar solvents

C) why water and ethanol mix

Which of the following is true? Charge transfer initiated by absorption of a visible photon: A) requires two ionic species in different energy states that are close to each other in the crystal B) involves and electron jumping from one ion to another C) can involve two different ions of the same element, such as Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ in the same crystal D) All of the above are true

D) all of the above are true

Which statement is true? Raman spectroscopy A) gives similar information about a molecule as FTIR spectroscopy B) is based on the scattering of non-resonant photons from molecules C) is frequently used to give a fingerprint of organic pigments, but is not as frequently used for inorganic mineral pigments D) all of the above are true

D) all of the above are true

From the periodic table what information about an element could be found? A) number of electrons B) number of protons C) number of neutrons D) all of the above information is available

D) all of the above information is available

Which statement is false? Laser action A) is based on stimulated emission that was proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917 B) requires that a non-equilibrium population between two resonant energy states exists, such that there are more molecules in the excited energy level than there are in the lower energy level C) produces an intense beam of identical photons: same frequency, phase, and direction D) because of amplification, produces more nergy in the form of laser light than is used up in the power supply that generates and maintains the population inversion

D) because of amplification, produces more energy in the form of laser light than is used up in the power supply that generates and maintains the population inversion

An atom that gains an electron A) becomes a cation B) becomes a different isotope of the same element C) has a different atomic number D) becomes an anion E) explodes

D) becomes an anion

When NaCl dissolves in water, aqueous Na ⁺ and Cl⁻ ions result. The force of attraction that exists between Na⁺ and H₂O is called _____ interaction A) London dispersion force B) dipole-dipole C) ion-ion D) ion-dipole E) hydrogen bonding

D) ion-dipole

The phrase "like dissolves like" refers to the fact that: A) polar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes and vice versa B) solvents can only dissolve solutes of similar molar mass C) gases can only dissolve other gases D) polar solvents dissolve polar solute and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes.

D) polar solvents dissolve polar solute and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes.

The number of valence electrons in d-orbitals in Al³⁺ is ____ and in Cr³⁺ is ____

0, 3

Of the following substances, only _____ has London dispersion forces as the only intermolecular force. A) Kr B) NH₃ C) HCL D) CH₃OH E) H₂S

A) Kr

Which of the following statements about molecules is true? A) When two or more atoms bond, they form a new structure called a molecule B) Molecules have to be formed by atoms of same type of elements C) Molecules have to be formed by atoms of different type of elements D) All of the above statements are false

A) When two or more atoms bond, they form a new structure called a molecule.

Ionic bonding occurs when A) a cation and an anion are attracted to each other B) two cations are attracted to each other C) two anions are attracted to each other D) two atoms lose protons E) two atoms lose neutrons

A) a cation and an anion are attracted to each other

Which of the following substances is nonpolar: A) canola oil B) glucose (sugar) C) potassium chloride D) sodium chloride (table salt E) sucrose (table sugar)

A) canola oil

Most of the volume of an atom is occupied by the A) electrons B) neutrons C) protons D) protons and neutrons

A) electrons

Crystalline solids: A) have highly ordered structures B) are usually very soft C) have their particles arranged randomly D) exist only at very low temperatures E) exist only at high temperatures

A) have highly ordered structures

Which one of the following is not a component of a conventional spectrometer? A) high energy electron source B) dispersive element: grating or prism C) photon detector D) entrance and exit slits E) photon source

A) high energy electron source

Which of the following relationships is incorrect with regard to electromagnetic radiation?: A) longer wavelength = higher energy B) longer wavelength = lower frequency C) higher frequency = higher energy D) all of these E) none of these

A) longer wavelength = higher energy

The capatibility of any atom (other than inert elements) to react with or to form any molecule depends on the A) number of electrons B) number of protons C) number of neutrons D) total number of protons and electrons

A) number of electrons

When two hydrogen atoms each share an electron with oxygen to form H₂O: A) polar covalent bonding occurs B) nonpolar covalent bonding occurs C) ionic bonding occurs D) hydrogen bonding occurs

A) polar covalent bonding occurs

A covalent bond is characterized by A) sharing electrons by the atoms B) sharing electrons by one atom and gaining electrons by the other C)the attractive force between two oppositely charged atoms D) involvement of too many different forces

A) sharing electrons by the atoms

Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called the A) solutes B) solvents C) catalysts D) resins

A) solutes

Absorption of what type of electromagnetic radiation results in transitions between electronic states in atoms or molecules A) ultraviolet B) x-rays C) infrared D) radiowaves E) micrwaves

A) ultraviolet

Absortion of what type of electromagnetic radiation results in transitions between rotational states in atoms or molecules A) ultraviolet B) x-rays C) infrared D) radiowaves E) microwaves

E) microwaves

Which of the following molecules will absorb the longest wavelength of light?

The one with the longest chain of conjugated pairs

If there are two lines connecting the atoms in any molecular structure drawing, those double lines represent A) A single bond B) A double bond C) an ionic bond D) two sigma bonds

B) a double bond

The simplest type of matter with unique chemical properties is: A) an electron B) an element c) a neutron D) a proton E) an isotope

B) an element

Does ruby or emerald have the strongest ligand field?

Ruby

What is the correct order of decreasing frequency infrared, radio, visible, ultraviolet

ultraviolet, visible, infrared, radio

An element has 7 electrons, 7 protons, 7 neutrons, what will be the atomic weight of that element? A) 7 B) 14 C) 21 D) 0

B) 14

A radioactive isotope of some element has a half-life of 12 hours. After 2 days, the fraction of the original amount remaining is A) 1/2) B) 1/4 C) 1/8 D) 1/16

D) 1/16

Paper was invented in A) Spain B) India C) Germany D) China E) Egypt

D) China

Which statement about solubility of a compound is true? A) Compounds are always solid and cannot be dissolved in any solution B) Solubility properties of compounds are completely unknown C) Compounds are always liquid and can be dissolved in any solution D) Compounds, depending on their structure, could be water-soluble or fat-soluble

D) Compounds, depending on their structure, could be water-soluble or fat-soluble

Interference of electromagnetic energy is exploited in which of the following spectroscopic techniques A) UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry B) conventional IR absorption spectrophotometry C)UV Fluorescence spectroscopy D) fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

D) FTIS

Which of the following is false? A) Triglyceride molecules constitute 95% of the fats in the human body B) Triglycerides are compounds formed by addition of three fatty acids to glycerol C) triglycerides in pigment binders must contain double bonds D) Triglycerides are molecules that are soluble in both oil and water.

D) Triglycerides are molecules that are soluble in both oil and water.

In art, pigment is A) the colored material that is mixed with a binder to make paint B) a material that is ground from organic or inorganic substances C) the basis for the range of colors available in not only pigments, but also in crayons, pastels, and chalks D) all E) none

D) all of the above

Infrared spectroscopy provides valuable information about A) rotational energy levels B) vibrational energy levels C) atomic electron energy levles D) all of the above

D) all of the above

Which of the following is soluble in turpentine A) Linseed oil B) alkyd resin C) bees wax D) all of the above

D) all of the above