ITN 106 Final Exam

What is the value of X when execution ends in the following pseudocode? Set X as an integer For X = 100 to Step -1 'This is a comment' Next X X = 100

100

Which of the following best describes a variable when implemented in a script?

A container for storing data values that can be assigned, referenced, and manipulated

What is responsible for getting a system up and going and finding an OS to load?

BIOS/UEFI

Registry files, if deleted, can be restored from those saved in what folder?

C:\Windows\System32\Config\RegBack

Your organization recently deployed a Windows domain controller with Active Directory. All the domain OU users need to run the same script file each time they sign in to Windows. How can the settings be configured with the least effort by the admin?

Configure Group policy to run a logon script

Which of the following security policies can be implemented to prevent removable media from automatically launching potentially harmful programs?

Disable AutoRun

Oscar has a client who has been receiving unsolicited emails from several companies. Oscar recommended that the client unsubscribe from the email lists, but that just increased the number of unsolicited emails she received. What can Oscar do to stop the unsolicited emails on the email server?

Enable the spam filter

Your company's email server has been filling up employee's email boxes with advertisements for things they did not request. You have been asked to research how to stop these types of messages from getting to your coworker's email client software. What will you recommend to your supervisor?

Enable the spam filter.

Your computer has a single HDD formatted with NTFS with the following data folder: C:\Documents C:\Pictures You create a new child folder under the C:\Documents folder. What term describes the permissions the new folder automatically attains from the C:\Documents folder?

Inherited permissions

The computer that you are working on is not able to complete a Windows update. The update process begins to download the file, but then you recieve an error message saying that the Windows update was unable to download. You have checked your Internet connection, and it is working. You have tried the update on your other computer, and it worked. What you do first to fix the problem with the Windows update?

Remove malware

Zach wants to install Windows 10 over his existing copy of Windows 10. He wants to keep his personal files, apps, and Windows settings. He currently has a USB drive with a Windows 10 ISO. What type of installation will you recommend for Zach?

Repair upgrade

If you are working on a client's computer and you believe that you have found a violation of the AUP, what is your next step?

Report the incident through the proper channels

Which of the following is a major advantage to using SSH over Telnet for remotely accessing a Linux system?

SSH is secure, encrypted alternative to Telnet

What key will cause the Windows Boot Manager to appear as long as it is pressed during the Windows 7 startup process?

Spacebar

Which of the following are natively supported by the Windows, Mac, and Linux operating systems?

Support for reading and writing to FAT32 partitions

A technician is logged in to a Linux system with a user account that has been assigned root privileges. Each time the technician attempts to run a specific terminal command, a "Permission denied" message is displayed. What is the most likely reason for this message?

The command needs to be preceded by sudo

While performing disk and file maintenance on the company file server, you determine a user in the accounting department has been accidentally saving documents to all shared folders on the file server. The user's computer was recently passed to her from another user in the company, and according to the company policy, the user should have access only to the accounting share. Which of the following best describes this situation?

The principle of least privilege was not followed

A technician wants to limit access to a group of folders and is using Group policy to prevent the users in the sales department from accessing folders assigned to the accounting department. The technician is having difficulty achieving acceptable results. Which of the following is the most likely reason the technician is having difficulties?

The technician should be setting NTFS permissions instead of Group Policy

What command can be used to check for file system errors?

chkdsk /r

A technician is logged in to a Linux computer as johnd and needs to reset group ownership for the file report.txt in the johnd home directory. Which of the following commands will perform this function?

chown

What command can be used to wipe a hard drive clean, including the partitioning system?

diskpart

Which of the following is the current Linux file system used to hold the operating system?

ext4

A Linux user needs to find all instances of the word admin in /var/log/auth.log. Which of the following commands will perform this function?

grep

Which of the following user accounts are created automatically and disabled by default when Windows is installed? (select two)

guest administrator

A technician wants to use a Time Machine backup to install a new copy of the macOS onto a Mac. Which of the following tools will the technician use to perform this task?

macOS Recovery

A user is complaining about sluggish performance on her Linux system, and the technician suspects a running process is consuming excessive processor resources. Which of the following commands will the technician most likely use to locate the offending process?

ps

In Linux, where are the commands required for system administration stored?

/sbin

If your Internet home page has changed and a strange-looking search engine appears when you try to search the Internet, what type of attack are you experiencing?

A redirect virus

What are some of the responsibilities of the kernel during the startup process? (Select all the apply)

Activates the HAL Starts critical services Starts the Session Manager

As Windows 10 is loading, assuming it is enabled, what will happen when F8 is pressed?

Advanced Boot Options screen appears

Enable Safe Mode with Command Prompt:

Allows Windows to load without the graphical interface.

An administrator is assigning Windows user accounts to user groups based on the user's role and notices the built-in Power Users group. What is the purpose of the Power Users group in Windows 7 and later?

Backward compatibility for legacy operating systems and applications

You need to secure your Windows 7 computer in a way that prevents access to the entire HDD even if the drive is moved to another system. What solution will you implement?

BitLocker

Under the Advanced Options screen, what startup option should be enabled in order to view what did and did not load during the bootup?

Boot logging

Kevin recently discovered that unknown processes are running in the background on his company's web server. During a performance review, he also noticed that the CPU is working at 80% during downtimes. Kevin believes that software is running in the background and causing the CPU to run at such a high percentage. Kevin also discovers that his server along with several other computers in the company have been used to perform a DDoS on another website. What type of attack occurred?

Botnet

Jin travels for business and is always worried that his laptop will be taken from his room. Which type of device will ensure that Jin's laptop will not be stolen while he travels?

Cable lock

An operating system is responsible for validating certificates used to secure communication. For Windows, Microsoft maintains a database of trusted root certificates issued by Certificate Authorities (CAs). A root certificate is the original certificate issued by the CA. When a Windows system opens a secure email or visits a secure website and encounters a new digital certificate, it requests Microsoft's trusted root certificate, which is downloaded to the computer. The download happens seemlessly without the user's knowledge unless there's a problem. If Windows cannot obtain the root certificate to validate the email or website, an error is displayed. Where do you go in the Windows operating system to view and delete root certificates?

Certificate Manager

A technician is using the Security tab in the Properties dialog box in an attempt to remove the inherited status from a file's permissions but cannot locate where to make the change. Which of the following steps should the technician take to make this change?

Click the Advanced button to open Advanced Security Settings for the file

Lane received a phone call from a client. The client claimed that a file they were working on the day before had disappeared from their computer along with several other files. Lane went to the client's desk to see if they could rebuild the files from the backup done the night before. Lane found and rebuilt the files from the backed-up data. When Lane called the next morning to see if everything was working, the client said that two of their files were gone again. They also noticed new files in a folder. When Lane arrived, they checked to see how much free space the computer had available and found that it had 250GB less than the day before. What is the issue with the client's computer?

Computer virus

Several computers in your organization are being used from within the building after hours when the company is closed. Your manager has asked you to configure the computers to limit access to business hours. Which of the following steps can be taken to limit access to the computers?

Configure logon time restrictions

The web server at Terry's company recently was attacked by multiple computers. The attack overwhelmed the company's web servers and caused the web servers to crash. What type of attack occurred?

DDoS

Dani received this email message today. "Confirm Navigation **Your computer has been blocked** Your computer has alerted us that it has been infected with a virus and spyware. The following information is being stolen... " What happened to Dani's computer?

Dani has received a fake security alert pop-up.

When working with a security consultant that your company hired, you noticed that he is running software on one of the machines. He explains that the program is running a brute force attack that is using every word in the english language to see if the Administrator password can be cracked. What type of attack is he attempting?

Dictionary

The company that you work for has recently had a security breech. During the recover and assessment, it was discovered that the malicious user used the company VPN to gain access to the network. Now your company would like to find a way to verify the identity of a user who requests access to the company through a VPN. What can you recommend to the company?

Digital certificate

Vernita is working on a computer that was infected with a virus when a client clicked on a link and downloaded a Trojan. Vernita researched the virus and learned that the virus might have written itself into System Restore. What does Vernita need to do to run the antivirus software on System Restore?

Disable System Protection

You recently created several new user accounts in the Sales OU and configured them with the appropriate group membership, logon scripts, and printer access. Except for one new sales employee, all employees are actively using the account. The remaining employee will be using the account within the next two weeks. What is the best practice for the remaining unused account?

Disable the account until the employee is ready to use it

Mina has completed remediation of a virus-infected system. She eliminated all the startup program issues and uninstalled several browser add-ons. Mina has scheduled scans to be performed daily and has run updates on Windows and the anti-malware program. She has enabled System Restore and created a new restore point. What should Mina do to complete the malware removal process?

Educate the end user

Recently, Desiree has been receiving reports at the help desk that clients cannot log in to their computers and need to reset their passwords. After checking the log file, Desiree decided to ask one client who had recently changed his password, why he decided to change it. The client reported that someone from the help desk had called him and asked him for his password two days ago. He gave the caller the password, and now he cannot log into his system. Desiree has discovered that the client was a victim of social engineering. What can the company do to prevent this from happening again?

Educate users

Tracee works for an insurance company that recently received so much spam that the email server became overwhelmed and shut down. Tracee's supervisor has asked her to make sure this does not happen again. What is the first thing Tracee should do to prevent this problem from happening again?

Email filtering

Jed's computer is not booting properly. The computer begins to boot and then just stops and restarts. After the third restart, the computer attempts to repair the computer using Startup Repair. Startup Repair does not seem to work. Instead the computer asks you to choose an option from the Startup Settings screen. Jed has followed the Troubleshoot screen to the Startup Settings screen and clicked Restart. What setting in the Startup Settings screen will enable Jed to see which driver might be failing and causing his computer not to boot?

Enable Boot Logging

You have received several trouble tickets from the employees in the warehouse for the stand-alone computers used to control various shipping machines because the computers are not booting when powered. Each time a technician resolves the booting issue the boot order is changed in the firmware. Each computer is required to have USB ports disabled in the firmware to keep employees from connecting rogue devices. Which of the following steps should be taken to eliminate these trouble tickets?

Enable the supervisor password in the BIOS/UEFI setup

What is the term used to designate that a particular operating system will no longer be supported by its manufacturer or managing entity?

End-of-life

The Advanced Boot Options screen can be displayed by pressing what key during the boot sequence?

F8

A Mac computer is reporting problems with the HDD, and the user wants to run a check for errors. Which of the following is a disk management tool built into macOS that is useful for finding and repairing disk problems?

First Aid

Lana has just taken a job as an IT professional in Europe and would like to get a head start on what to expect. What regulated data would you recommend that she research?

GDPR

Which of the following describes the macOS feature that lets you use finger motions to perform functions, for example, spreading two fingers to zoom in?

Gestures

Your company has decided that security is very important and wants to add a second security check when workers are logging in to their computers. The company issued key fobs to all the employees. The key fob generates a code for them to enter when logging in to the computer. What type of security is your computer using?

Hardware token

Kareem installed Windows 10 for the first time on his computer. During the installation process, he noticed that a new system partition called ESP partition was created. He cannot access this new partition to see what is contains. What can you tell Kareem about the ESP partition?

It was created by GPT to store Windows boot and startup files.

You have been tasked with training end users in security best practices and have observed a trend among users in which many are writing down their passwords. Which of the following procedures can be implemented to provide enough security to protect resources while minimizing the need for users to write down their passwords?

Lengthen the time period between forced password changes

You opened a batch file in Notepad and are observing the following lines. (The line numbers are for reference only). 1- ECHO This batch file deletes the temp files 2- DEL%TEMP%\*.*/Q 3- REM The temp files were deleted 4- PAUSE

Line 3

A system administrator is selecting an operating system for use by the company's research and development team. The team requires an OS that can be easily modified and changed to meet its particular requirements. Which of the following operating systems will be the best choice for the users?

Linux

A bootable Linux USB flash drive or CD that can be used to repair system issues is known by what term, respectively?

Live USB or CD

What Windows process is responsible for authenticating users?

Lsass.exe

Davide would like to add extra security to his network device. He is afraid that someone might try and connect an unauthorized device to the network via an open network drop. What type of security can Davide deploy to prevent this type of security issue from occurring?

MAC filtering

Omari is working on a system that has been having issues with files. Recently, Oscar has noticed that some of the file names have strange characters, and the file sizes seem to be excessively large. Files have been disappearing and Windows system files have been changed. What might be the problem with the computer?

Malware is corrupting the files

Your company wants to secure the new data center physically. The company has hired a security guard but wants to find a way so that only one person at a time can enter the data center. As people enter, they will have to show the security guard identification that authorizes them to enter the data center. What is your company's new security called?

Mantrap

What error messages are likely to appear if the BIOS/UEFI cannot find a Windows Boot Manager or cannot turn over operations to the boot manager? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Missing operating system Error loading operating system Invalid partition table

A technician needs to boot macOS over the network using an image stored on a server. What Apple technology will best assist the technician?

NetBoot

A technician is configuring the Windows computers on a network to print to a printer that is directly connected to the network via UTP cable. What term best describes this method of printer connectivity?

Network printer

While researching a network issue, Kendi discovered a diagram that he can use to see the design of the network. What type of documentation did Kendi discover?

Network topology

Manuela has been assigned to help with a major change to her company's accounts database. During the time of the change, Manuela notices that her task will need to be modified to complete the change. Instead of telling her supervisor, she determines that the minor detail must have been overlooked and fixes what she believes is the problem. The minor detail that Manuela did not tell her supervisor causes the change to fail. What is Manuela's mistake called?

Out of scope modification

Alexandria works for a non-profit company that asks her for donations to help the homeless people in her community. Recently the database that holds all the contact information about the donners was hacked, and all the data was copied. What type of data was taken?

PII

Ramon's company is trying to increase the level of security for its network. Ramon is researching ways to increase the security by making passwords more complex. What can Ramon change in Windows to require more complex passwords?

Password Policy

One of your clients at work calls and is irate because he had to change his password and now he can't seem to find one that will match the strength needed for the company server. After he finishes venting, you tell him you will send him the document that explains why he needs to have a strong password. What document will you send the client?

Password policy

Jameela's company currently uses Windows Active Directory to provide centralized authentication, authorization, and accounting to manage users on its network. The company uses a wireless network and an earlier authentication service on the server to authenticate end users accessing resources on the network. What type of service is Jameela's company using?

RADIUS

A company asked you help mitigate the brute force attacks carried out against its users' Window account passwords. You successfully removed the malware responsible for the attacks and need to better secure the passwords assigned to the user accounts without limiting the system's usability. Which of the following should be included in securing the user accounts? (Select three)

Require user account passwords Require strong passwords Set failed logon restrictions

Hector is trying to use Windows Defender to run an antivirus scan. Windows Defender refuses to run. When he opens the Action Center, Hector realizes that Windows Defender has been disabled and another antivirus software is running. Hector does not recognize the other antivirus software. What type of attack has infected Hector's computer?

Rogue antivirus

Shane's computer is displaying a strange error message saying that Shane, who is an administrator, does not have access to a folder in the Documents library of their user account. Shane tried to take ownership of the folder but was still denied access. Shane tried running an antivirus scan on the folder, and again access to the folder was denied. What can Shane do to fix this security issue?

Run a Windows Defender Offline scan

A customer called Neel to complain that his computer was running slow, so he went to the client work area and started troubleshooting the problem. Neel ran the Disk Defragmenter and Disk Clean-up utilities. He checked the processes running in Task Manager. Neel found that the CPU was running several processes. While Neel was looking at Task Manager, the computer crashed. Neel restarted the computer and noticed a long load time for Windows. Neel checked Task Manager and saw several processes that he did not recognize. What should Neel perform next on the client's computer?

Run a virus scan

A coworker asks your opinion about how to minimize ActiveX attacks while she browses the Internet using Internet Explorer. The coworker recalls there is a setting in the Internet Options dialog box to prompt the user before downloading ActiveX controls, but can't remember which tab to use. Which of the following tabs will you suggest to the coworker?

Security tab

Lance works for a company that allows users to bring their own devices to work. Last week Lance purchased a software package from a company that allows him to change fonts on pictures that he uses in his work presentations. Lance wants to share the program with his coworker Serena. Is Lance allowed to share the software with Serena?

Serena would need to purchase the software from the company

The users in the sales department need a central location on the network to share data files. All the client computers in the organization are running Windows 10 and have network and Internet connectivity. The file server that hosts the network drive for the sales department is running Windows Server 2016. Which of the following is the first step in implementing this data share?

Share the folder or volume on the file server that will store the shared data files

Holly is trying to use Windows Defender to run an antivirus scan. Windows Defender refuses to run. She notices a problem when she tries to update Windows Defender and it fails. When Holly opens the Action Center she sees this screen. What happened to Holly's computer?

She has downloaded a rogue antivirus

Gerard has received an email on his company's email system. The email is in regard to a new update the company class to implement. The administrators are requesting that everyone send their username and password so that the administrators can compile a list and avoid having everyone change their passwords. What type of attack is this?

Spear phishing

Kimiko is having an issue with Windows crashing and believes that malicious software is causing it to crash. Kimiko also has received application errors that have cause the applications to close. What event log in the Event Viewer can Kimiko inspect to see if malicious software is causing the Windows system to crash and the application errors, system errors, and other types of errors?

System logs

Currently James's company is using RADIUS for AAA services to connect wireless users to the Windows Active Directory domain. However, the company want to upgrade to a Cisco-based wireless network and would like to upgrade the older RADIUS. What will James recommend as an upgrade to RADIUS?

TACACS+

Your company is using RADIUS for AAA services to connect wireless users to the Windows Active Directory domain. However, the company wants to upgrade to a Cisco-based wireless network and would like to upgrade the older RADIUS. What will you recommend as an upgrade to RADIUS?

TACACS+

Which of the following is a hardware component used to hold the BitLocker encryption key and ensures encrypted data is not accessed in the event a hard drive is lost or stolen?

TPM

You are having difficulty changing permissions for a folder on a NTFS volume that was created by another user. How can you best solve this issue without losing data in the folder?

Take ownership of the folder and then change permissions.

A technician, who was signed in to a Windows 10 computer as a local administrator, accessed the Local Security Policy console and changed the Lock Screen timeout from 10 minutes to 60 minutes. After the technician completed the change, the user signed in to AD and discovered that the setting had reverted to 10 minutes. What can the technician do to keep the setting from reverting from 60 minutes to 10 minutes?

The Lock Screen timeout settings needs to be made in the AD OU GPO

Danielle, a help desk technician, receives a call from a client. In a panic, he explains that he was using the Internet to research a new product when his computer emitted an alarm accompanied by a warning that a site had blocked his computer and that information was being stolen from the computer. The message included a phone number and a note to call the number within five minutes so that engineers could walk him through the removal process. What has happened to the customer computer?

The client received a fake security alert

Nico is working on a computer at a customer's house. The customer is concerned that her computer has a problem because recently the Internet home page changed, and when she tried to search the Internet, a strange search engine appeared. What has happened to the customer's computer?

The computer is infected with a redirect virus

One of Kyle's clients called to complain that his computer was running really slow. Kyle went to the client's work area and started troubleshooting the problem. Kyle ran the Disk Defragmenter and Disk Clean-up utilities. He checked the processes running in Task Manager and noticed that the SVC host was running several processes. While Kyle was looking at Task Manager, the computer crashed. Kyle restarted the computer and noticed a long load time for Windows. He checked Task Manager and saw several processes that he did not recognize. What might be the issue with Kyle's client's computer?

The computer might have a virus

A Windows 10 user is copying a file from the C:\data folder to the E:\data folder. The C: drive is formatted with NTFS, and the D: drive is formatted with FAT32. What happens to the permissions of the file on the D:\ drive when copied?

The file will lose all permissions

Why does a normal hard boot take longer than a normal soft boot?

The initial steps must be performed by the BIOS/UEFI

A Windows user called the help desk to request that her local user account password be reset on her computer. The help desk technician connected to the computer using RDC and reset the password using the Network Places Wizard. After the password was reset, the user lost access to all the data files on the local HDD. Which of the following describes the most likely reason for the lost data files?

The user had previously encrypted her data files and folders using EFS

Enable Safe Mode:

This option allows you to launch programs to help solve Windows issues without third-party drivers and software loaded.

Enable Debugging:

This tool moves system boot logs from the failing computer to another computer for evaluation.

Christian has malware that is preventing him from installing anti-malware on his laptop. What can Christian try if he does not have another computer available to run the anti-malware program?

Try to install in Safe Mode

Based on her research of the symptoms, Dalia believes her computer is infected with a virus. Dalia has an anti-malware program on her computer. What should she do before she runs the anti-malware program?

Update malware signatures

A Mac user wants to update macOS and is searching Apple.com to locate update files. How are macOS updates typically obtained?

Updates are found in the App Store

Aaron's company has written a new computer program, and he has been asked to find a way to prevent people from copying the software they purchase and giving it to other who have not purchased the software. What can Aaron's company do to make sure the customer who purchases the program does not give it to someone else?

Use DRM

Today you turned on your computer after being on vacation for a week. You see spinning white dots on a black screen. You decide that an update might be installing, so you allow the computer to work for approx. 20 minutes. After 20 minutes, you turn off your computer and then restart it, and it fails two more times. What tool should you use first to help repair your computer?

Use Safe Mode to boot.

How can you eliminate the need to open a dedicated TCP port on your corporate firewall when using Mac computers to share screens from the local and remote computers?

Use a third-party remote access app that uses a browser

Enable boot logging:

Use this option to see what did and did not load during the boot process.

Enable Low-Resolution:

Use this option when the video settings don't allow you to see the screen well enough to fix a defective setting.

Joe works for a company that has a travelling sales force. The company has asked Joe to research a way for the sales force to have real-time information on the availability of its salable products. The company has an intranet application that allows it to see up-to-the minute information. The company does not want to make this information public. What should Joe recommend?

VPN

You have noticed that your computer is running slower than normal and that the amount of storage space on the hard drive is decreasing, even though you have not been doing anything different on your computer. You believe a program is replicating by attaching itself to other programs. What type of malware is on your computer?

Virus

A Windows 10 Home user is attempting to encrypt the contents of a folder on a volume formatted with NTFS. The user contacted you to ask why the only option to encrypt the folder is disabled. What is the most likely reason the encryption option is disabled?

Windows Home editions do not support EFS

Henry wants to create a bootable flash drive with Windows 10. He wants to use it on multiple computers to troubleshoot Windows 10 startup issues. What tool can Henry use to create a bootable flash drive in Windows 10?

Windows Media Creation tool

Asha is working on a computer that has a device driver error. Asha can find the name of the device driver however the actual device is not available. Unfortunately, Asha does not have access to the Internet. Where can Asha go to look up the device driver's filename to determine what device uses the device driver?

Windows\System32\drivers folder

Gwen has discovered a program that has copied itself throughout the network. The program does not appear to have a host program and is overloading the network as it replicates. It has even installed a web server on the network and is allowing other companies to connect. What type of malware has Gwen discovered?

Worm

What is the value of X and what is the condition of the Do... Loop when execution ends in the following pseudocode? X = 1 Do 'This is a comment' Print X;

X = 1, the Do... Loop is endless

Jorge's supervisor is concerned that the company's security system does not comply with the new standards the company has decided to employ. He has asked Jorge to determine how members of the company are authenticated on the network. What does the computer or server use to verify the access to a specific resource on the network?

access control list

Which of the following security settings can best help minimize brute force attacks on local user account passwords?

account lockout threshold

Your company has decided that security is very important and wants to add a second security check that will identify its employees while they are logging in to their computers. What type of security do your recommend?

biometric locks

What command can be used to scan for Windows installations not stored in the BCD?

bootrec /scanOS

What command can be used to repair a dual boot system?

bootsect

Which of the following are closed source, proprietary operating systems? (Select TWO)

macOS X High Sierra Windows 10 Home

Recently, Tova's computer has slowed down dramatically. She has also noticed that the time on the computer is not accurate. Tova has run several antivirus scans, but has not found an issue. Today while surfing the web, she was redirected several times to a website that she did not request. Then a BSOD error occurred on her computer, and she turned on her computer, the antivirus software was disabled. What kind of malware could be causing the issues on Tova's computer?

rootkit

If you suspect corrupted system files are causing issues, what command can be run to verify and restore the corrupted files?

sfc /scannow

Windows 10 Professional will not boot on Jackson's computer. During the boot process, the computer fails. While troubleshooting, Jackson determines that the graphical interface did not load. Which file in the boot process is responsible for loading the graphical user interface and starting the client/server runtime subsystem?

smss.exe

Which of the following best meets the requirements of a strong password?

t*M&2.zY7

What command can be issued within Windows RE to enable networking?

wpeinit

Jo is talking with a client on the phone. Jo company recently completed updates on the client's system and something is not working properly. The client asks Jo why the company is always doing updates. Jo explains that updates What specific vulnerability do updates help prevent?

zero-day