Management Chapter 8 Test Bank

30. According to Fast Company, in 2016, __________ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company. a. BuzzFeed b. Black Lives Matter c. Amazon d. Taco Bell e. Uber

a. Buzzfeed

26. For the compact disc industry, the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as which type of innovation? a. Disruptive b. Service c. Productive d. Restructuring e. Reverse

a. Disruptive

12. The idea in the large-group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization, gather perspectives from those parts of the system, and allow the sample to create a collective future. a. True b. False

False

13. Survey feedback is intended to enhance the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams. a. True b. False

False

19. Lack of trust is perhaps the biggest obstacle to organizational change. a. True b. False

False

20. Restraining forces can be thought of as problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change within the organization. a. True b. False

False

21. In organizations, beneficial change, like the adoption of innovative processes and technologies, can and does occur by itself. a. True b. False

False

23. People change is a major shift in the norms, values, and mind-set of the entire organization. a. True b. False

False

3. Confrontation, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individual. a. True b. False

False

8. People change starts with training everyone in the organization. a. True b. False

False

1. Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization. a. True b. False

True

10. Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's effectiveness and success. a. True b. False

True

11. Three types of issues that are often addressed through organizational development are mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline/revitalization, and conflict management. a. True b. False

True

14. A change agent is an organizational development specialist who performs a systematic diagnosis of the organization and identifies work-related problems. a. True b. False

True

15. The unfreezing stage makes people throughout the organization aware of problems and the need for change. a. True b. False

True

16. The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change. a. True b. False

True

17. Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation. a. True b. False

True

18. The disparity between actual and desired performance levels is the need for change. a. True b. False

True

2. An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and the systematic implementation of innovations. a. True b. False

True

22. New-venture teams facilitate entrepreneurship within organizations. a. True b. False

True

24. The large-group intervention approach to culture change leads to incremental changes. a. True b. False

True

25. The traditional organizational development model focuses on a specific problem or group. a. True b. False

True

4. Acceptance of mistakes, freedom to discuss ideas, and assignment of nonspecialists to problems are characteristics of creative organizations or departments. a. True b. False

True

5. An idea incubator is an in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics. a. True b. False

True

35. Why might companies emphasize training and development for managers? a. Training other staff is too disruptive to operations. b. Companies simply do not want to invest in lower-level employees. c. They hope that managerial training and development will lead to behavior change and diffuse throughout the company. d. This is because they do not understand the importance of training all staff. e. There are not many training programs suitable for non-managers.

c. they hope that managerial training and development will lead to behavior change and diffuse throughout the company

39. Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within its organization. Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes. They begin voicing resistance to the changes. Which of the following barriers to change are they exhibiting? a. Disagreements about benefits b. Self-interest c. Lack of understanding and trust d. Uncertainty e. Different assessments and goals

b. self-interest

6. The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high-pressure business environments that require rapidly developing and commercializing products and services. a. True b. False

True

7. A person who sees the need for and actively supports productive change within their organization is called an idea champion. a. True b. False

True

9. Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mind-sets. a. True b. False

True

55. Top management support is to _____ as participation is to _____. a. change involving multiple departments, a design that requires information from others b. users having power initiators, having power c. technical change, change in the time of crisis d. one group losing, most groups losing e. users doubting the legitimacy of the change, users needing information about the change

a. change involving multiple departments, a design that requires information from others

50. The traditional approach to organizational development _____, while the large-group intervention approach _____. a. distributes information on a limited basis, distributes information widely b. gets information from the organization and environment, gets information only from the organization c. focuses on the entire system, focuses on a specific group or problem d. has a fast time frame, has a gradual time frame e. produces transformation, produces incremental change

a. distributes information on a limited basis, distributes information widely

46. The _____ strategy recognizes that the cutting edge of innovation often happens with young, small, entrepreneurial companies rather than inside the walls of established firms. a. Innovation-by-acquisition b. fast-cycle team c. brainstorming team d. skunkworks e. new-venture team

a. innovation-by-acquisition

43. Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. Which of the following approaches to change is Trudy's using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

a. negotiation

29. Creative organizations _______. a. have an unusually high number of routine jobs b. are loosely structured c. have little ambiguity d. have too many layers of management e. use a centralized decision-making approach

b. Are loosely structured

53. Driving forces are _____, while restraining forces are _____. a. barriers, problems b. opportunities, barriers c. problems, opportunities d. barriers, opportunities e. blockages, barriers

b. opportunities, barriers

40. Summit Care Center has a long history of jumping on every trendy management and organizational bandwagon that comes along. Oddly, while executives often seem to benefit from these trends, frontline workers often find themselves "rightsized" out of their jobs or, if their positions are not eliminated, with a much heavier workload. Summit management has just informed employees that they are implementing another management change and they are met with considerable resistance. What is the most likely reason Summit employees are resistant to this particular change? a. Lack of information b. Self-interest c. Lack of understanding d. Ambiguity e. Competitors

b. self-interest

38. Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model? a. Results in incremental change b. Learning for the small group c. Addresses the entire system d. Gradual time frame e. Limited distribution

c. addresses the entire system

27. Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas, which means the organization must learn to be ______. a. cordial b. rightsized c. ambidextrous d. compliant e. intra-focused

c. ambidextrous

47. Which approach taps into ideas from around the world and lets thousands or hundreds of thousands of people participate in the innovation process, usually via the Internet? a. Brainstorming b. The fast-cycle team c. Crowdsourcing d. Skunkworks e. The new-venture team

c. crowdsourcing

36. When used following mergers or acquisitions, organizational development often addresses _____, a major cause of strife and even failure. a. lack of trust b. poor morale c. differences in corporate culture d. lack of innovation e. high turnover

c. differences in corporate culture

48. Team building is to _____ as large-group interventions are to _____. a. identifying problems, solving problems b. creating a vision, creating a mission c. enhanced cohesiveness, creating a collective future d. changing the culture, changing people e. enhancing group success, developing problem solutions

c. enhanced cohesiveness, creating a collective future

51. The biggest obstacle to organizational change is probably _____. a. cynicism about management intentions b. lack of understanding c. fear of personal loss d. laziness e. different assessments and goals

c. fear of personal loss

33. Ashley has average technical skills, but her real strengths are visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and finding financial and political support for these ideas, which she often does. Ashley is an excellent example of a(n) _____. a. critic b. sponsor c. idea champion d. inventor e. bureaucrat

c. idea champion

45. The __________ approach is particularly appropriate when users need to feel involved and have the power to effectively resist the proposed change. a. negotiation b. top management support c. participation d. coercion e. education

c. participation

32. The horizontal linkage model is particularly useful when _____. a. products such as pharmaceuticals have complex, lengthy development periods are involved b. the corporation is already dominant but wants to become more dominant c. rapid development and commercialization of new products and services is involved d. there is widespread divisiveness within the organization e. the corporation is well-established and stable

c. rapid development and commercialization of new products and services is involved

54. Communication is to _____ as coercion is to _____. a. change involving multiple departments, a design that requires information from others b. users having power, initiators having power c. technical change, change in the time of crisis d. one group losing, most groups losing e. users doubting the legitimacy of the change, users needing information about the change

c. technical change, change in the time of crisis

31. Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics? a. A boiler room b. A sponsor c. A new-venture team d. An idea incubator e. An inventor

d. an Idea Incubartor

44. Sandbox Sam's, Inc. was sharply criticized by state inspectors for not requiring that employees wear personal protective equipment for both their eyes and ears while working in production, Harry, a manager in production, has tried explaining the importance of eye and ear production, only to be met with comments like "would you repeat that, I couldn't hear you." Harry tried walking the floor and handing out the equipment, but employees frequently discarded it when they went on break. Recently, with the support of the human resources manager, Harry has begun imposing one-day suspensions without pay for failure to wear the protection. Which of the following approaches to change implementation is Harry using? a. Negotiation b. Top management support c. Participation d. Coercion e. Education

d. coercion

41. __________ systems schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line. a. Mass customization b. LIFO c. First-in, first-out d. Just-in-time inventory e. Last-in, last-out

d. just-in-time inventory

34. "The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers. Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies. "The Brain" can best be described as a ______. a. cross-functional team b. fast-cycle team c. brainstorming team d. skunkworks e. new-venture team

d. skunkworks

28. Artful Innovations Inc. operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions. Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n) ______ organization. a. experimental b. cooperative c. entrepreneurial d. disruptive e. creative

e. Creative

52. When it comes to dealing with employee resistance, managers should ______. a. ignore it and do what needs to be done b. explain once to employees why they are wrong and then implement the change c. recognize that if employees don't want to change, the change should probably be abandoned d. call employees in one by one and tell them to change or leave e. recognize that the resistance is often legitimate from the employees' point of view

e. Recognize that the resistance is often legitimate form the employees' point of view

42. When trying to overcome resistance to change, which of the following approaches is best suited when change is technical? a. Coercion b. Top management support c. Negotiation d. Participation e. Communication

e. communication

49. Team building is to _____ as survey feedback is to _____. a. identifying problems, solving problems b. creating a vision, creating a mission c. enhanced cohesiveness, creating a collective future d. changing the culture, changing people e. enhancing group success, problem solving

e. enhancing group success, problem solving

37. High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group charged with discussing problems and opportunities and gathering perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company. High-Low Productions is utilizing which of the following? a. Organizational development b. Skunkworks c. Telecommuting d. Focus group e. Large-group intervention

e. large-group intervention