MGMT 473 TEST 1

MARS model

- Mars Model of Individual Behavior. MARS model of individual behavior is a model that seeks to elaborate individual behavior as a result of internal and external factors or influences combined together. The name itself is an acronym for individual Motivation, Abilities, Role Perception and Situational Factors.

True

Goal setting potentially improves employee performance by increasing motivation and clarifying role perceptions.

anticipated satisfaction or dissatisfaction that an individual feels towards an outcome.

In expectancy theory, valence refers to the:

False

In order for something to be called an organization, it must have certain assets such as buildings and equipment.

True

In terms of cross-cultural values, people in the United States tend to have relatively high individualism, middle to high achievement orientation, and medium to low power distance.

to acquire

In the four-drive theory, the drive ______ is most closely associated with the need for relative status and recognition.

1.) Globalization 2.) Increased workforce diversity 3.) Emerging employment relationships

List the three challenges organizations are now facing in the workplace

False

Maslow's needs hierarchy theory explains how people develop perceptions of fairness in the distribution and exchange of resources.

False

Moods are less intense emotional states that are directed toward something or somebody in particular.

False

Motivation is an external force on the person that causes him/her to engage in specific behaviors.

True

Motivation is closely related to the concept of employee engagement.

False

OB can be used to fulfill the need to understand and predict the behavior of others in the organization. However, it is not helpful in influencing others to getting things done in organizations.

True

Organizational behavior encompasses the study of how organizations interact with their external environments.

True

Our emotions influence what we recognize or screen out.

True

People who believe that their successful completion of a project is due to their skill and hard work are making an internal attribution.

True

People with a high need for affiliation tend to be more effective in jobs that require them to mediate conflicts.

Personality

Relatively stable pattern of behaviors and consistent internal states that explain a person's behavioral tendencies

True

Values are stable, evaluative beliefs about what is important in a variety of situations.

All four elements of the MARS model.

Which of the following determine whether intentions translate into behavior?

Perception

Which of the following refers to the process of receiving information about and making sense of the world around us?

Feelings

Which of the following terms best represents the positive or negative evaluations of the attitude object?

-Understand -Predict -Influence

Why do we study Organizational Behavior?

Selective Attention

________ is the process of filtering information received by our senses.

Organizational Behavior

- The study of what people think, feel and do in and around organizations. - Organizations are groups of people who work interdependently toward a purpose. - OB encompasses the study of how organizations interact with their external environment*

Big 5 Personality dimensions

-Conscientiousness -Agreeableness -Neuroticism -Openness to Experience -Extraversion

False

A global mindset excludes the capacity to empathize and act effectively across cultures

False

According to learned needs theory, companies should hire leaders with a strong need for personalized power.

different types of emotions

Anger, fear, joy, and sadness represent the:

True

Attitudes represent a cluster of beliefs, motivation and feelings about an attitude object.

True

Beliefs are established perceptions about the attitude object.

False

Competencies refer to the complete set of motivations, abilities, role perceptions, and situational factors that contribute to job performance.

True

Confirmation bias causes us to screen out information that is contrary to our values and assumptions.

emotional labor.

Customer service representatives (CSRs) often conceal their frustration when serving an irritating customer. This behavior from the CSRs is an example of:

True

Emotions generate a core affect that something is good or bad, helpful or harmful, to be approached or avoided.

False

Emotions represent the cluster of beliefs, assessed feelings, and behavioral intentions towards something or someone guided by conscious logical reasoning.

True

Expectancy theory of motivation states that people naturally direct their effort towards behaviors they believe are most likely to lead to desired outcomes.

confirmation bias

Some investors in the stock market become overconfident and ignore evidence that their strategies will lose money. This can be attributed to _____.

True

Stereotyping is an extension of social identity theory and a product of our natural process of organizing information through categorical thinking.

True

The MARS model identifies the four main factors that influence individual behavior: motivation, ability, role perceptions, and situational factors.

False

The ideal situation in organizations is to have employees whose values are perfectly congruent with the organization's values.

False

The most effective reinforcement schedule for learning new tasks is variable ratio schedule.

occurs when the goal is challenging but not impossible.

The optimal level difficulty of a goal:

False

The perceptual process begins by attributing behavior to internal or external causes.

stereotyping

The process of assigning traits to people based on their membership in an identifiable social category is called:

cognitive dissonance

The uncomfortable tension felt when our behavior and attitudes are inconsistent with each other is called:

True

Three challenges organizations are facing include globalization, increasing workforce diversity, and emerging employment relationships.