MGT 301 Chpt 9-12 Homework questions
Which of the following is the best statement of feedback?
"Your last report contained seven errors which I think you could improve."
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is considered a(n) ______ test.
Personality
In managing employees under an incentive pay plan, a manager should __________.
regularly communicate with employees about the plan
Which of the following is a good suggestion for managers when conducting interviews?
After the interview, write a short report with a quantitative score of the candidate's qualifications.
A California software firm was growing rapidly and hiring frequently, but primarily focused on campus recruiting at UC Berkeley and Stanford. When one older candidate did not get an interview after a phone screening, he went to the company's website and noted all of the young people in charge. He filed a discrimination lawsuit based on which law?
Age Discrimination in Employment
Allie has a degenerative eye disease that is causing her to gradually lose her eyesight. When Allie asked her employer to purchase a low-vision computer for her use at work, she was instead let go. This violates provisions of the __________.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Which of the following statements about background information is false?
Applicants with weak credit scores are more likely to be unqualified and dishonest employees.
Which of the following diversity issues is true in the U.S. workforce?
By 2060, whites are projected to change from 78% in 2012 to 69%, African Americans from 13.1% to 14.7%, Asians from 5.1% to 8.2%, Hispanics or Latinos from 17% to 31%, and American Indian/Alaskan Native from 1.2% to 1.5%.
Which of the following is not one of the main ways to reduce cognitive dissonance? Change your attitude. Change your behavior. Find consonant elements that outweigh the dissonant ones. Belittle the importance of the inconsistent behavior.
Complete an EI assessment.
Content perspectives, also known as need-based perspectives, include all except which one of the following theories?
Equity theory
______ has been associated with success for managers and salespeople.
Extroversion
________________ is the purpose of the strategic human resource process.
Getting optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision
__________________ includes aspects such as goodwill, mutual respect, trust, cooperation, and teamwork.
Social Capital
Maria worked in a manufacturing facility. Throughout the building there were posters and calendars of a sexually explicit nature, and they made Maria very uncomfortable. This is __________.
a hostile work environment
A server expects a group of poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers and gives them poor service, so he gets the result that he expects, a very small tip. This is an example of _____.
a self-fulfilling prophecy
As a manager, when you expect employees to perform badly, they probably will, and when you expect them to perform well, they probably will. This is referred to as _____.
a self-fulfilling prophecy or the Pygmalion effect
During December at Toys For Tiny Tots, employees know that they are generally required to work different schedules, weekends, and often with overtime to support the holiday shopping season. This is an example of a(n) ______ change.
adaptive
The statement "I really don't like that Ivan got so angry in that meeting" reflects the ______ component of an attitude.
affective
Which of the following is not a Big Five Personality dimension?
aggressiveness
Which of the following may be considered, legally, to be an employment test?
any procedure used in the employment selection decision process
Which of the following is not a contingency factor in the job characteristics model?
autonomy
Dora is conducting a performance appraisal for Sue, one of her employees. The company's performance appraisal form asks her to rate Sue's performance on various items like "Submits reports on time with minimal errors" on a scale from 1 to 5. Dora's is using a ______ appraisal system.
behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)
In using reinforcement, a manager should _____.
clearly communicate the desired behavior
The statement "Drew is slow to return phone calls" reflects the ______ component of an attitude.
cognitive
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a successful incentive pay plan?
complex and comprehensive rules
In which of the following situations would OD techniques be the most helpful?
dealing with employee stress that comes from changing behaviors or from adapting to mergers
So-called Millennials (those born after 1980) are vastly different from their parents in their views on everything from technology to politics to marriage to tattoos. This is an example of a ______ force for change.
demographic
The increasing diversity of the American workforce is an example of a(n) ______ force for change.
demographic
Which of the following is not a suggested strategy for reducing unhealthy stressors in organizations?
develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision
After being referred by a friend, Hasina attended a job interview. She didn't feel it went well, but was surprised when her friend told her the boss didn't like that she had worn her hijab, a traditional headscarf. The boss told a coworker after the interview, "Our customers prefer working with Christians." This is an example of __________.
discrimination
If a firm gives all international assignments to people without disabilities, assuming they will therefore not require special accommodations, which type of workplace discrimination has occurred?
disparate treatment
Which of the following is the factor that most reduces an organization's ability to learn from failure?
employees who blame others for failure
The need for status, reputation, and recognition are part of _____.
esteem
A year after she assisted them in making changes to an employee incentive plan, Kara, an OD consultant, is visiting Thomas Engineering to determine if the changes were helpful. Kara will compare sales and turnover data from the last three years to the current year. Kara is in the ______ stage of OD.
evaluation
Haley, an HR manager, had a meeting with the Vice President of Safety to determine if the new safety training program appears to be effective in preventing and reducing the number of accidents. Haley is performing which step of the training process?
evaluation
After struggling with the accounting training, Peter is unsure whether he can complete the end-of-year financial reporting with no errors in the time allotted. In this case, Peter is low on the ______ element of expectancy theory.
expectancy
The theory under which people make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it is _____.
expectancy theory
Ricardo's sales manager just informed his sales team that all sales in January will earn an extra 5% commission. The team gets right to work, being motivated by a(n) _____.
extrinsic reward
Julie really enjoys mingling at work functions, both to network for new contacts and simply to share stories with other interesting people. Julie probably scores high in _____.
extroversion
When it comes to failure in the innovation process, Procter & Gamble CEO A. G. Lafley suggests that the key is to __________.
fail early, fail cheaply, and don't make the same mistake twice
Which of the following is not an interacting factor that affects the level of resistance to change?
gender of the change agent
During Lewin's changing stage, managers should __________.
give employees new information, perspectives, and models for behavior
Which of the following is an effective way to deal with change and innovation?
have the courage to follow your ideas
Even when he started his first job, Will was not content to be just one of the employees. His boss noticed that he often coached his coworkers about ways to improve their work, even when it wasn't his job. Will probably has a _____.
high need for power
Which of the following is not an inside force that indicates organizational change might be needed?
increased competition
Research shows that simplified jobs lead to all the following except _____.
increased productivity
Which of the following is not a supertrend shaping the future of business?
information becoming a competitive advantage
Sparkling Clean, Inc. is considering implementing a system that will pay its cleaning workers based on the number of completed residential jobs, coupled with satisfactory ratings on random inspections to ensure quality. This system is new to the organization, an example of __________ change.
innovative
Teachers Credit Union has decided that tellers must rotate through a new weekend shift on Saturday afternoons since several of its financial competitors have recently begun to offer additional hours to customers. This is a(n) ______ change.
innovative
At his review last year, Bryan was promised a 20% raise if he met his production goals. Raises were included in today's paychecks, and although Bryan has met all of his goals, he only received a cost-of-living raise. In the future, Bryan's ______ will probably be ______.
instrumentality; low
Workplace stress diminishes all of the following except _____.
job turnover
Carol really doesn't like her new boss and is not happy with the new tasks she's been assigned and the long hours she's been working. Still, she truly believes in what the company is trying to accomplish. Carol has _____.
low job satisfaction
Inside forces for change include which of the following?
low productivity and turnover
According to Herzberg's theory, the first thing managers of employees who dislike their jobs should do is to _____
make sure pay levels, policies, and working conditions are reasonable
Joan, a new manager, must enforce sales report deadlines, but her team is struggling. She creates a new system to streamline the process and helps everyone understand why the deadlines are important. This is an example of which force for change?
manager's behavior
An innovative change involves ______ complexity, cost, and uncertainty.
moderate
A manager must ensure fairness and __________ in considering a promotion of an employee.
nondiscrimination
Melissa impressed her boss by making lots of suggestions for department improvements and by putting in many weekend hours to do extra tasks to develop the new procedures. Melissa is exhibiting _____.
organizational citizenship behaviors
Job satisfaction results in stronger ______ and lower levels of ______.
organizational commitment; perceived stress
Daniel teaches sixth grade at a local elementary school. He significantly increased his salary by earning a master's degree in education. This is an example of _____.
pay for knowledge or skill-based pay
What is the final step in the strategic human resource management process?
perform appraisals of people
Sue is very aggressive at her job, and her coworkers complain that she often manipulates them and her boss in order to get ahead. She attempts to direct everything and everyone, regardless of the consequences to others or even the organization itself. Sue is expressing what type of need for power?
personal
A managerial innovation that improves the efficiency of a company's cross-functional teams would be considered a ______ innovation.
process
Nancy's employer distributes checks at the end of each quarter, representing an equitable portion of 5% of the company's pretax profits for the previous period. This is known as _____.
profit sharing
Caroline's manager notices that she exhibits an internal locus of control when she speaks about her work. Her manager should _____.
provide incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions
Four steps to making innovation happen within an organization include all of the following except ____.
punish failures
A supervisor told a salesperson who had not made any calls to clients and therefore did not make quota, "Well, if this continues in the next 30 days, you'll probably be let go." By presenting something negative, the supervisor provides an example of _____.
punishment
Ted's manager required him to give up his company car since he had missed sales goals for four consecutive quarters. Ted's manager used _____.
punishment
When Jason became one of three final candidates for a managerial position with a large pharmaceutical company, the director of the department scheduled a special meeting with him. There, the two talked about the stressful deadlines and heavy travel required of the position, as well as the compensation and benefits. Jason appreciated that the director took time to conduct a(n) __________.
realistic job preview
The Americans with Disabilities Act requires employers to _____.
reasonably accommodate an individual's disability
Ricco, an HR manager, used reports from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau for information about his industry's labor pool in his geographic area to __________.
recruit from outside the organization
Which of the following is the best statement of a goal?
reduce production errors by 10 percent by the end of the quarter
If a manager knows one of his employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, he should _____.
reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills
Bethany had a starring role in a film that was shot in her hometown of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Though the Screen Actors Guild, an actors' union, exists in Louisiana, Bethany was not required to join it because of the state's ________ law.
right-to-work
Boring, tedious jobs generally reduce people's perceptions of their _____.
self-efficacy
Lori has been telling everyone in the sales department of her incredible skill as a salesperson, since she beat her goal this year by nearly 30%. But last year when she didn't even reach her goal, she said it was simply the economy. This is an example of _____.
self-serving bias
Which of the following is not a trait of emotional intelligence?
self-sufficiency
Which of the following dimensions is not an example of an external or secondary dimension on the diversity wheel? religion Income Geographic locaation personal habits
seniority
Firms such as General Motors and McDonald's actively collect information about customer preferences and try to address them in their new products. This reflects __________.
shareholder, customer, and market changes
Which of the following is not a symptom of negative stress?
slurred speech
Those high in this emotional intelligence trait tend to be empathetic.
social awareness
Ted was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning toward hiring Akiko, a Japanese American woman, since he thinks Asians are better at math. Ted is exhibiting which distortion in perception?
stereotyping
The point of the performance appraisal is to __________.
stimulate better job performance
When workers perceive they are being treated fairly on the job, they are most likely to _____.
support organizational change
According to goal-setting theory, goal setting helps motivate you by doing all the following except _____.
taking attention away from real work
Victoria runs a flower shop. She recently made some changes so that one employee answers phones and completes the order and payment process, while another creates arrangements, and a third packages and delivers floral arrangements. Previously, each employee was responsible for the order from the phone call through the delivery. Such changes reflect which one of the following?
task identity
A technician who is responsible for keeping a hospital's electronic equipment in working order has higher ____________ than a person wiping down cars in a carwash.
task significance
As a maintenance person for the air force, Alex services aircraft engines, which protects the lives and safety of military personnel and their ability to conduct missions. Alex's job has a high level of _____.
task significance
Social media (LinkedIn, Facebook), used by 98% of recruiters, make finding employees more efficient. This is an example of a(n) __________ advancement or force.
technological
The invention of a machine to make plastic corks for wine bottles has severely affected companies that produce traditional cork. This is an example of a(n) ______ advancement.
technological
Beginning with __________, a body of law has grown that requires organizations to provide employees with nonhazardous working conditions.
the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970
The motivating potential score (MPS) is calculated as part of using _____.
the job characteristics model
According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a motivating factor?
the work itself
Studies exploring nurses' perceptions about using PDAs in their daily patient practice found initial resistance, with some nurses concerned about the cost and short technological life cycle of these devices. This is an example of the __________ stage of change.
unfreezing
A(n) ______________ is susceptible to legal attack because some questions may infringe on non-job-related matters such as privacy, diversity, or disability.
unstructured interview
In giving performance feedback to employees, a manager should __________.
use both formal and informal appraisals
The HR manager told Jim that the company pays the total health insurance costs for a family of four. As a single man, this benefit did not seem especially important to him right now. Here, Jim is low on the ______ element of the expectancy theory.
valence
The human resource manager at Helping Hands Inc. has just calculated that the employee absenteeism rate for 2015 is 15% higher than it was in 2014, and the turnover rate has increased 18% in the same time period. She should consider all but which one of the following options?
wait until 2016 and see what the rate is then
Which of the following is not a way to encourage innovation?
withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out
Surveys show that employees are more interested in ______ rather than just earning a paycheck.
work-life balance