MUSI 2730 Exam 4
twelve-bar blues
musical structure based on a repeated harmonic-rhythm pattern, 12 measures long I-I-I-I-I-IV-IV-I-I-V-V-I-I
sprechstimme
vocal style in which the melody is spoken at approximate pitches rather than sung on exact pitches SCHOENBERG
How wasRie of Spring ground breaking
Innovative and primal dancing Jerky irregular music Primative costumes Percussive dissonance Large, loud orchestra Russian folk song Minimized harmonic change Unpredictable accents
What was Ives's day job?
Insurance worker
Characteristics of 20th Century Art Music - orchestration
Smaller orchestras Leaner and brighter Focus on winds and percussion
Which John Cage work evokes the sound of a gamelan?
Sonatas and Interludes
Oldest profession band in the U.S?
U.S. Marine band (July 1798)
serialism
method of composition in which various methods may be ordered in a fixed series
Pierrot lunaire, No. 18
Shoenberg Song Cycle
What tune is quoted in Appalachian Spring?
Simple Gifts
Classic blues
Blues for entertainment Found in clubs, bars Often had women singers
How many lines in a blue verse?
12 bar harmonic pattern 3 line stanza
Know the significance of 4'33"
A completely silent piece
Who were Nadia Boulanger's students
Aaron Copland
atonal
Abandonment of tonality/key Moves from one level of dissonance to another with no resolution
What are the characteristics of neo-classical music?
Absolute music Craftsmanship and balance Detached, objective style Valuing the formal over the expressive Revival of older forms (toccata, fugue)
Who composed Wozzeck?
Alan Berg
Hotter than That
Armstrong Dixieland Swing
Who invented the 12 tone technique?
Arnold Schoenberg
What is the genre of Appalachian Spring?
Ballet suite in 7 sections
First instrument heart in Rite of Spring
Bassoon on a very high note
What American composers were influenced by eastern philosophy?
Bela Bartok
What style of jazz is Duke Ellington known for?
Big band swing
Sonata V: From Sonatas and Interludes
Cage Prepared pianos
For whom was Appalachian Spring written?
Choreographer Martha Graham Pioneer celebration ballet
Appalachian Spring
Copland Ballet Suite in 7 sections
Delta Blues
Country or regular blues A man and his guitar
To what things does the term "blues" refer to?
Difficulties of every day life
Emancipation of dissonance
Dissonance no longer has to resolve into consonance
What musicians developed bebop?
Dizzy Gillespie Charlie Parker Thelonius Monk
What types of instruments are found in the gamelan?
Drums Gongs Plucked strings Bowed strings Wooden bar percussion Wooden flutes Java/Bali
Urban Blues
Electric Blues Addition of electric guitar, drums, piano, bass, harmonica
Who was Nadia Boulanger?
Famous Paris teacher
Bebop
Featured fast tempos and complex harmonies
What are characteristics of Ives's music?
He "borrowed" from other peices
What composer explored tone clusters?
Henry Cowell
Billy's Blue
Holiday 12 bar blues
Who played an important role in developing 20th century ballet?
Igor Stravinsky
New Orleans Jazz
Improvised, polyphonic texture Instruments of the front line: cornet, clarinet, trombone Rhythm section: Bass/banjo, drums
From where does the gamelan come?
Indonesia
Is 4'33" noise or music?
It's technically music I guess
Country Band March
Ives March Arranged for Wind Band
Characteristics of 20th Century Art Music - melody and harmony
Jagged melodies; instrumentally conceived Dissonant harmonies - no tonality
Two bandleaders to disseminate ragtime to Europe?
James Reese Europe John Philip Sousa
Which American popular music has roots in African American music?
Jazz Ragtime Blues
What is Louis Armstrong known for?
Jazz is a soloist's art Affirmed blues tonality as fundamental of jazz Invented Swing Scat singing IMPORTANT TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF JAZZ
What two American composers were influenced by non-Western music?
John Cage Henry Cowell
Name 2 composers influenced by gamelan
John Cage Steve Reich
Who is America's most famous band master?
John Philip Sousa
What is cool jazz?
Laid back style, dense harmonies, low volume, moderate tempos Miles Davis
From what institution have bands always been associated?
Military
What are the characteristics of Ives's compositional style?
Modernist Polytonality Polyharmony Polyrhythm
Where is the birthplace of jazz?
New Orleans
Was his music popular
No
Characteristics of 20th Century Art Music - rhythmic complexity
Non-symmetrical rhythmic patterns Shifts of meter Polyrhythm
Why is J. Sousa such a big deal?
Over 130 marches for band Toured extensively Sheet music sold incredibly well Helped spread ragtime to Europe Mass-marketed recording
Koko
Parker Bebop
Important elements of minimalism
Repetition of short melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic patterns with little variation SLOW changes over time
In C
Riley
RIte of Spring Opening Night
Riot broke out Revolutionary work
What is the official march of the U.S?
Stars and Stripes Forever
Name 3 composers of process music
Steve Reich Terry Riley LaMonte Young
Suite for Violin and Piano III
Still Suite for Violin and Piano
Rite of Spring
Stravinsky Ballet
ethnomusicologist
Studies the music of the world with a focus on the cultural context of the music
Stompin at the Savoy
Webb Swing
What region was Steve Reich influenced by?
West Africa
Did his music reflect his roots?
Yes
Does phase music use electronic looping?
Yes
Are there Sousa marches in his Country Band March?
Yes - Semper Fidelis
blue note
a slight drop of pitch on the third, fifth, or seventh note of the scale
tone row
arrangement of 12 chromatic pitches that serve as the basis of a twelve-tone piece
process music
compositional style in which a composer selects a simple musical idea and repeats it over and over; gradually changed/elaborated on