PHYS - 1040 SUU TEST 2

How many more times is the atmospheric pressure in Jupiter's core greater than the atmospheric pressure at Earth's surface? 100 million 100 thousand 10 million 10 thousand 1 million

100 million

Why is Mars red? Martian volcanoes released a much redder lava than volcanoes on Earth. Chemical reactions between surface rock and atmospheric oxygen literally rusted the surface. The red color is caused by water ice chemically bound in surface rock. The red color of Mars is a result of the scattering of light in the Martian sky.

Chemical reactions between surface rock and atmospheric oxygen literally rusted the surface.

Why does Jupiter have several distinct cloud layers? Different layers represent the various regions where the temperature is cool enough for liquid water to condense. Winds prevent clouds from forming at some altitudes, so we see clouds only at the other altitudes. Clouds form randomly, so on average there are always several layers. Different layers represent clouds made of gases that condense at different temperatures. Different gases are present at different altitudes in Jupiter's atmosphere.

Different layers represent clouds made of gases that condense at different temperatures.

Why does Venus have such a great difference in temperature between its "no atmosphere" temperature and its actual temperature? It has no cooling effects from oceans. It has a large amount of greenhouse gases in its atmosphere. It is so close to the Sun. It has a high level of volcanic activity. It has a slow rotation.

It has a large amount of greenhouse gases in its atmosphere.

Why does Mercury have such a great change in temperature between its day and night? It lacks strong winds. It has a slow rotation. all of the above It is very small in size. It is very close to the Sun.

It has a slow rotation.

Why doesn't Venus have seasons like Mars and Earth do? all of the above It does not have an ozone layer. Its rotation axis is not tilted. It is too close to the Sun. It does not rotate fast enough.

Its rotation axis is not tilted.

Which of the following most likely explains why Venus does not have a strong magnetic field? It does not have a metallic core. It has too thick an atmosphere. It is too large. Its rotation is too slow. It is too close to the Sun.

Its rotation is too slow.

Recent evidence suggests that Mars once had a global magnetic field. Assuming this is true, which of the following could explain why Mars today lacks a global magnetic field like that of Earth? Mars is too far from the Sun to have a global magnetic field. Mars's interior has cooled so much its molten core layer no longer undergoes convection. Mars rotates much slower than Earth. The Martian core is made of rock, while Earth's core is made of metal.

Mars's interior has cooled so much its molten core layer no longer undergoes convection.

Which of the following planets cannot be seen with the naked eye? Saturn Jupiter Neptune Venus Mars

Neptune

Which of the following planets has the least substantial atmosphere? Venus Earth Neptune Mercury Mars

Neptune

What makes us think that Mars must once have had an atmosphere that was warmer and had higher surface pressure? The presence of inactive volcanoes on Mars tells us that there must once have been a lot of outgassing, and hence a thicker atmosphere. We think it for purely theoretical reasons, based on calculations showing that the Sun has brightened with time. The fact that parts of Mars have a lot of craters tells us that Mars must once have been much warmer. The atmosphere is too cold and thin for liquid water today, yet we see evidence of flowing water in the past.

The atmosphere is too cold and thin for liquid water today, yet we see evidence of flowing water in the past.

Under what circumstances can differentiation occur in a planet? The planet must have an atmosphere. The planet must be made of both metal and rock. The planet must have a rocky surface. The planet must be geologically active, that is, have volcanoes, planetquakes, and erosion from weather. The planet must have a molten interior.

The planet must have a molten interior.

Which of the following worlds has the most substantial atmosphere? Mercury Mars the Moon Venus

Venus

What is Jupiter's Great Red Spot? the place where Jupiter's aurora is most visible the place where reddish particles from Io impact Jupiter's surface a long-lived, high-pressure storm a hurricane that comes and goes on Jupiter a large mountain peak poking up above the clouds

a long-lived, high-pressure storm

What are the conditions necessary for a terrestrial planet to have a strong magnetic field? a rocky mantle only both a molten metallic core and reasonably fast rotation a molten metallic core only both a metal core and a rocky mantle fast rotation only

both a molten metallic core and reasonably fast rotation

Which of the following does NOT provide evidence for water on Mars? dry riverbeds groupings of rocks that appear to have been deposited as in a flood eroded craters canal structures observed by Percival Lowell

canal structures observed by Percival Lowell

Which of the following best describes the internal layering of Jupiter, from the center outward? solid rock core; layer of solid metallic hydrogen; layer of pure liquid hydrogen; cloud layer liquid core of hydrogen compounds; liquid hydrogen layer; metallic hydrogen layer; gaseous hydrogen layer; cloud layer core of rock and metal; mantle of lower density rock; upper layer of gaseous hydrogen; cloud layer core of rock, metal, and hydrogen compounds; thick layer of metallic hydrogen; layer of liquid hydrogen; layer of gaseous hydrogen; cloud layer

core of rock, metal, and hydrogen compounds; thick layer of metallic hydrogen; layer of liquid hydrogen; layer of gaseous hydrogen; cloud layer

A planet is most likely to have tectonic activity if it has high surface gravity. high internal temperature. a dense atmosphere. low internal temperature. low surface gravity.

high internal temperature.

A planet is most likely to have tectonic activity if it has high surface gravity. low surface gravity. low internal temperature. high internal temperature. a dense atmosphere.

high internal temperature.

Where is most of the water on Mars? frozen on the peaks of its tall volcanoes in its clouds in deep underground deposits in its polar caps and subsurface ground ice distributed evenly throughout its atmosphere

in its polar caps and subsurface ground ice

What is the fundamental reason that Mars, unlike Earth, has become virtually geologically dead? its closer distance than Earth to the Sun its slow rotation compared to Earth its rapid rotation compared to Earth its small size compared to Earth its farther distance than Earth to the Sun its large size compared to Earth

its small size compared to Earth

Which of the following does NOT have a major effect in shaping planetary surfaces? impact cratering tectonics erosion magnetism volcanis

magnetism

The terrestrial planet cores contain mostly metal because convection carried the metals to the core. the entire planets are made mostly of metal. radioactivity created metals in the core from the decay of uranium. metals sank to the center during a time when the interiors were molten throughout. metals condensed first in the solar nebula and the rocks then accreted around them.

metals sank to the center during a time when the interiors were molten throughout.

What is differentiation in planetary geology? any process by which one part of a planet's surface evolves differently from another part of the same planet's surface any process by which a planet's surface evolves differently from another planet's surface the process by which gravity separates materials according to density the process by which different types of minerals form a conglomerate rock any process by which a planet evolves differently from its moon.

the process by which gravity separates materials according to density

When we see a region of a planet that is not as heavily cratered as other regions, we conclude that the planet is rotating very slowly and only one side was hit by impactors. the surface in the region is younger than the surface in more heavily cratered regions. the planet formed after the age of bombardment and missed out on getting hit by leftover planetesimals. the surface in the region is older than the surface in more heavily cratered regions.

the surface in the region is younger than the surface in more heavily cratered regions.