NBE SCIENCE-SET #12

Which organism causes the disease known as thrush?

Candida

Oral and vaginal thrush are caused by

Candida albicans

Lymphogranuloma venereum is cause by a

Chlamydia

Which of the following organisms is an exotoxin producer? Clostridium tetani Treponema pallidum Staphlococcus aureus Neisseria gonorrheae

Clostridium Tetani

Gas gangrene and tissue gas is caused by

Clostridium perfringens

The disinfection process is aimed at:

Destruction of pathogenic agents

Dermatomycosis is caused by

Epidermophyton

With what disease is rubella identified? mumps German measles fever blisters chancres

German Measles

Which of the following is NOT a fungal infection? Aspergillosis Coccidioidomycosis Candida Giardiasis

Giardiasis

Which of the following is NOT a phenolic compound? Carbolic acid Phenol Glutaraldehyde Hexachlorophene

Glutaraldehyde

Which of the following diseases is caused by contact with contaminated blood serum? Hepatitis type B Smallpox Hepatitis type A Mumps

Hepatitis Type B

Which disease is NOT dermatropic? Mumps Fever blisters Shingles Rubella

MUMPS is NOT dermatropic

Which organism is acid fast positive?

Mycobacterium

The causative organism in primary atypical pneumonia is:

Mycoplasma

Which of the following diseases is not protected against by the MMR vaccine? German measles measles Rocky Mountain Spotted fever Epidemic parotitis

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Which of the following is capable of producing an enterotoxin that will cause food poisoning? Staphylococcus Mycobacterium Streptococcus Treponema

Staphylococcus

Which of the following diseases is caused by the organisms responsible for infection entering the body through the parenteral route of infection? Gonorrhea Tularemia Syphilis Tetanus

Tetanus

Spores are most likely to form when

The conditions for reproduction are not favorable

Why are ultraviolet light rays lethal to bacteria?

They damage the DNA or RNA of the microbe

Syphilis is an infection caused by

Treponema pallidum

Mosquitos have been implicated in the transmission of which of the following types of Hepatitis?

Types A and C

Which is NOT a viral disease? Epidemic parotitis Rubella Typhus fever Poliomyelitis

Typhus Fever

Select the organism that is classified as a member of the Fungi Kingdom. bacteria yeast chlamydia rickettsia

Yeast

The size of bacteria is measured in a special unit called

a micrometer

Vaccines bring about a type of immunity referred to as

active

Viruses have been found to be capable of infecting... man animals insects all of these

all of these

Which of the following is true of a carrier? may have never had the disease that is being carried may have had the disease and recovered exhibits no symptoms of the disease all of these

all of these

Which of those listed below are obligate intracellular parasites? chlamydia rickettsia viruses all of these

all of these

The inhibition of bacterial growth and reproduction without necessarily destroying the organisms is the result of

an antiseptic

An association of two organisms that is detrimental to one is

antibiosis

Substances produced by body cells to combat foreign proteins introduced into the living body are called

antibodies

A foreign protein, which when introduced into the body, excites the body cells to produce antibodies against itself, is called a(n)

antigen

Ultraviolet rays of sunlight

are bactericidal

A bacterium which has had its virulence reduced is said to be

attenuated

Self digestion of tissue by enzymes of their own formation is called

autolysis

What type of condition is produced by the application of an antiseptic?

bacteriostatic

Which of these transmit disease by biting the host? mechanical fomites biological fomites mechanical vectors biological vectors

biological vectors

Toxemia, septicemia, and bacteremia are all associated with:

blood

Many bacteria possess a thick colorless gelatinous outer covering called a

capsule

Puerperal sepsis is commonly referred to as

childbed fever

What infection is one which has a relatively slow onset and long duration?

chronic

Which of the following is a mechanical body defense? intact skin circulating antibody cilia stomach acid; pH = 1

cilia

Which of the following enzymes causes blood plasma to clot? hemolysin coagulase fibrinolysin leucocidin

coagulase

Those bacteria which are spherical in shape are called

cocci

Septic sore throat is caused by a:

coccus

Which of these is primarily bacteriostatic in its action? steam under pressure cold free-flowing steam dry heat

cold

A visible mass of bacterial growth resulting from the reproduction of a single cell is a

colony

Attenuation affects a pathogen by

decreasing virulence

What type of viral disease would cause lesions of the skin?

dermatropic

The most common mode of transmission for tuberculosis is

droplet

The organism responsible for the infection epidemic meningitis exit from the host by mean of

droplet spray

What are poisonous substances produced by bacteria and released only when the bacterial cells die and disintegrate?

endotoxins

A communicable disease that attacks a large number of persons in a community at about the same time is termed

epidemic

_______________ are poisonous substances produced by bacteria and released into the surrounding medium by the living cells.

exotoxins

Those bacteria that prefer to live in the presence of free oxygen but can live in its absence are classified as:

facultative

The process of passing a liquid through a material with pores so small that bacteria cannot pass through is

filtration

Ringworm arises from

fungal infection

Histoplasmosis and coccidiodomycosis are caused by

fungi

In the name Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the first name is the

genus

Which of the following is classified as viscerotropic? smallpox chickenpox hepatitis measles

hepatitis

Which of the following would most likely transmit typhoid fever as a mechanical vector? louse housefly tick mosquito

housefly

Rabies is also called

hydrophobia

Diplococci appear

in pairs

All diseases caused by microorganisms are properly referred to as:

infections

Which of these is an example of a physiological defense mechanism of the body against infection? gastric juices intact mucous membranes honey encasement inflammation

inflammation

Infections caused by members of the genus Salmonella are primarily transmitted by

ingestion

The type of immunity that is inherited is called

innate

Which of the following statements is true abut Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? It is caused by a virus It is caused by a bacteria It is always fatal It only lasts three days

it is always fatal

The highest temperature at which growth for a species will take place is the

maximum temperature

The lowest temperature at which growth for a species will take place is the

minimum temperature

The portal of entry of Salmonella typhi is

mouth

Those microorganisms that do not normally invade the body of the host to produce disease are

normal flora

The portal of entry of Streptococcus pneumoniae is the

nose and mouth

The prefix "staphylo" refers to an organism's tendency to

occur in grape-like clusters

Silver nitrate prophylaxis was once used for the control of

ophthalmia neonatorum

The temperature at which a species of bacteria grows best is

optimum temperature

The advantage of using heat for the disinfection of materials over other forms of disinfection, like the use of chemicals, is that heat:

penetrates throughout the material

The process of ingestion of bacteria by leukocytes is

phagocytosis

Congenital disease transmission occurs through the

placenta

Bacteria are considered to be

prokaryotic

Malaria and amoebiasis are caused by

protozoa

What disease is caused by Francisella tularensis? parrot fever scarlet fever rabbit fever puerperal fever

rabbit fever

Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for the infectious disease

rheumatic fever

Which mechanical method of sanitation is likely to be used in the practice of mortuary hygiene?

scrubbing

The same virus that causes the chickenpox will also cause a secondary infection in some individuals. This second infection is known as

shingles

A communicable disease that occurs in a community only as an occasional case is termed

sporadic

Those spore forming bacteria that currently contain spores are called

sporulating

Which of the following is most efficient in destruction of microorganisms? dry heat between 100 and 200 degrees Fahrenheit boiling water below the freezing temperature of water steam under pressure

steam under pressure

The destruction of all microorganisms and their products is termed

sterilization

A virus is a:

strict parasite

Which of the following is most likely to enter the body through the genitourinary tract? syphilis tularemia bubonic plague pneumonic plague

syphilis

What infection occurs as a late complication of another disease and is itself the actual cause of death?

terminal

Which of the following is NOT applicable to viruses? they contain either DNA or RNA but not both they are intracellular parasites they are autotrophic organisms they are sub-microscopic organisms

they are autotrophic organisms

Clostridrium perfringens causes plague leprosy chickenpox tissue gas

tissue gas

Protozoa may be classified as unicellular multicellular acellular prokaryotic

unicellular

Vaccination with cowpox virus will produce an immunity to:

variola

The disease known as "Ebola" is caused by which of the following types of organisms?

virus

Which of the following requires living cells for growth? fungi protozoa bacteria viruses

viruses

Pertussis is a disease that is commonly called

whooping cough

Where are spores formed?

within the cell cytoplasm