Organizational Behavior Chapters 1-4

self-awareness

knowing who you are and what you want

The use of implicit cognitions

leads people to make biased decisions.

Deep-level characteristics of diversity

nclude attitudes, opinions, and values.

________ are physiological or psychological deficiencies that arouse behavior

needs

Halim, one of your employees, always seems to be "taking it easy," often ignores problems that arise, and rarely takes action on his own. It is likely that Halim is

not a proactive personality

______ is the extent to which an individual identifies with an organization and commits to its goals.

organizational commitment

Sustainable businesses tend to be run by CEOs who are

people-centered

The fundamental attribution bias says that we tend to overattribute others' behaviors to _________ factors.

personal

External factors include all of the following except

putting forth effort

The part of CSE that can best be enhanced because it is most flexible is

self-efficacy

Josephine is on a four-person project team in her management class. The team produces four reports during the term, and each person leads one of these projects. The project Josephine leads earned an A, while the team receives Cs on the other three reports. Josephine believes that her project was successful was because of her leadership abilities, while the other projects were not as good because of the inadequate skills of the other team members. She demonstrates ______ in her beliefs.

self-serving bias

Roberto is a manager at XYZ Corporation. Every day, he eats lunch in the company cafeteria so he can learn the latest news and rumors. Roberto is exhibiting his

social awareness

A(n) ______ is an individual's set of beliefs about the characteristics of a group.

stereotype

Joyce finds that the members of the project team to which she has been assigned in her management class are all athletes on the college's football and basketball teams. She immediately considers dropping the class because she thinks her experience with that team will be negative. Joyce is likely to be reacting to a

stereotype

Sharon observes her older co-worker, Robert, being rude to a new trainee. She has seen this behavior in Robert whenever the company brings in new trainees. Sharon believes that Robert resents the younger management trainees, who he refers to as "know-it-alls." She talks to him about _______ to help him understand.

stereotyping

Carla will graduate from her business program next month. She is happiest in jobs where she doesn't know what will be waiting for her when she gets to work, and she excels at problem solving. Carla needs a career that involves

stimulation

______ characteristics are quickly apparent to interactants.

surface-level

The self-serving bias states that we tend to

take more responsibility for success than failure.

which of the following is false

the contingency approach is common sense

ethical dilemma

there are two choices, neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable manner

What form of diversity management is an organization adopting when it acknowledges differences but does not value nor accept them?

toleration

Which of the following is not a key workplace attitude that managers should track?

turnover

Genevieve is a very religious person who does volunteer work for her church on weekends. When it came to selecting who would chair the United Fund drive for the department, her manager immediately thought of her and asked her to serve. The manager's action reflects the __________ model of job satisfaction

value attainment

Schwartz's model suggests that

values may conflict with each other.

According to research, the relationship between job performance and job satisfaction is best summarized by which of the following statements?

Both variables indirectly influence each other.

______ is the remedy for ill-conceived goals.

Brainstorming unintended consequences

Which of the following is not one of the predominant models of the causes of job satisfaction?

Cognitive dissonance

Which of the following statements about emotions is false?

Felt emotions are always displayed.

Jennifer is described by her friends as independent, distrusting authority, and technologically savvy. One of her strongest memories is the day of the Oklahoma City bombings. She is most likely to be a member of the _____ generation.

Gen Xers

Which of the following is not one of the recommendations to managers about reducing stereotypes?

Managers should actively ignore stereotypes.

Which of the following is not a technique by which managers can reduce the effect of implicit cognition in hiring?

Rely on stereotypes.

Which of the following statements about self-efficacy is true?

Self-efficacy can be developed.

Which of the following is not a behavior that research found in the employees' categorical knowledge of good leaders?

Using an autocratic approach.

Values represent beliefs that influence behaviors _____________; attitudes relate to behavior __________.

across all situations; toward specific targets

_______ is an artificial intervention aimed at giving management a chance to correct an imbalance, injustice, mistake, or outright discrimination that occurred in the past.

affirmative action

ABC Airlines hires flight attendants from diverse backgrounds and puts them through an extensive training and orientation program before they are approved to fly. In addition to learning about responding to medical issues and FAA guidelines, they also must learn the company's many rules and processes as contained in an extensive procedures and policies manual. ABC Airlines is adopting a(n) ______ option for managing diversity.

assimilate

When must managers accurately identify and communicate the behavioral characteristics and results they look for in a good performance?

at the beginning of a review cycle

Which of the following is not a layer of diversity?

attributional

The generation described as workaholic, idealistic, competitive, and materialistic is

baby-boomers

The steps in the process of stereotype formation and maintenance in order are

categorization, inferences, expectations, maintenance.

_____ is defined by order, self-restriction, preservation of the past, and resistance to change.

conservation

People who are high on openness to experience are likely to demonstrate

curiosity and broad-mindedness.

Jonathan decides that rather than hire an employee to replace someone who left, he will eliminate the position. Jonathan is

dissolving the problem

Carlos, a manager, is looking at records of Mary's work performance. He notes that she performed very well on task A, but poorly on task B. He is observing

distinctiveness.

Klaus works in a very stressful job, but maintains his "cool" even in the worst times. This represents the ________ dimension.

emotional stability

The millennial generation is described as

entitled, civic-minded, closely involved with parents.

All the employees in Mustafa's unit are performing poorly on one specific aspect of their jobs during the month of June; however, they are performing well on all other parts of their job. This is likely to be attributed to

external causes

The fundamental attribution bias says that we tend to overattribute others' behaviors to _________ factors.

fundamental attribution bias

Which of the following is not a factor in contributing to employee engagement?

high levels of stress

In __________, the relationship between self-esteem and life satisfaction is significantly stronger.

individualistic rather than collectivist cultures

At its most basic, a person's behavior can be attributed to either ______ or ______ factors.

internal; external