Physics Chapter 29-32 Test
when radium (A=88) emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has atomic number
86
Some double-pane airplane windows darken when the inner pane is rotated. The panes are
Polaroid filters
For viewing tiny objects in a microscope, diffraction is
a hindrance
a nucleon is either
a proton or neutron
according to the correspondence principle, a new theory is valid if it
accounts for confirmed results from the old theory
the correspondence principle applies to
all good theories
atoms can be excited by
all of these (electron impact, thermal agitation, photon impact)
which of the following continually emits electromagnetic radiation
all of these (radio antennas, red-hot coals, insects)
an atom that emits a certain frequency of light is
an absorber of the same frequency
quantum uncertainties are most predominant for simultaneously measuring the speed and location of
an electron
the greater proportion of energy immediately converted to heat rather than light occurs in
an incandescent lamp
the function of polarizing filters in viewing 3-D slides or movies is to provide each eye
an independent left or right-hand view
an atom with an imbalance of electrons to protons is
an ion
The vibrational direction of the electron and the plane of polarization of the light it emits
are the same
The polarization axes of glasses for 3-D viewing are
at right angles to each other
most alpha particles fired at a gold foil pass through undeflected because the
atoms of gold, like any others, are mostly empty space
the hottest star is the star that glows
blue
which body is heated in its interior by nuclear processes
both (sun and earth)
when an alpha particle is ejected from a nucleus, the nucleus then has less
both of these (mass and charge)
a beam of electrons has
both of these (particle and wave properties)
if a proton and an electron have identical momentum, the longer wavelength belongs to the
both the same (electron & proton)
when a nucleus emits a beta particle, its atomic number
changes, but its mass number remains constant
what is it that electrons have that protons always have in equal magnitude
charge
heavy atoms are not appreciably larger in size than light atoms because the nuclei of heavy atoms have more
electric charge
the energy of a photon depends on its
frequency
monochromatic light is a light of a single
frequency, color, wavelength
Which radiation has no electric charge associated with it
gamma rays
x-rays are similar to
gamma rays
discrete spectral lines occur when excitation takes place in a
gas
light from two closely-spaced stars will not produce a steady interference pattern at the Earth's surface because of
incoherence
when a lump of uranium is broken into smaller pieces, the total surface area of the lump
increases
light behaves primarily as a particle when it
interacts with matter
Iridescent colors seen in the pearly luster of an abalone shell are due to
interference
colors seen when gasoline forms a thin film on water are a demonstration of
interference
when two light atoms fuse together, mass
is converted to kinetic energy of neutrons
compared to the mass of a uranium nucleus before splitting, the pieces it splits into have
less mass
Interference is a property of
light waves, water waves, sound waves
according to the uncertainty principle, the more we know about a particle's momentum, the less we know about its
location
Waves diffract the most when their wavelength is
long
light from a laser is
monochromatic
when a gamma ray is emitted by a nucleus, the nucleus then has appreciably less
neither of these
different isotopes of an element have different numbers of
neutrons
the discreteness of energy levels is better understood by considering the electrons to be
none of these
atoms of neon in a glass tube can be excited
over and over again
which of the following is a property of light waves, but not of sound waves
polarization
the atomic number of an element is the same as the number of its
protons
electric forces within an atomic nucleus tend to
push it apart
to say that energy levels in an atom are discrete is to say the energy levels are well defined and
seperate from one another
an electron in an excited state could give off
several photons in a series of transitions to the ground state
which of the following forms an interference pattern when distracted toward two suitably-spaced slits
sound, electrons, light
which of the following isotopes is radioactive
carbon-14
A hologram is simply a
complex diffraction grating
light from a lit match comes from
electrons
some alpha particles fired through a gold foil bounce backward by
electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei
once an alpha particle is outside the nucleus it is
electrostatically repelled
when an element undergoes nuclear transmutation, the result is a completely different
element
two photons have the same wavelength. they also have the same
energy and frequency
consider plane waves incident upon a barrier with a small opening. after passing through the opening, the waves
fan out
which light source is more energy-efficient
fluorescent lamp
a chain reaction grows when the average number of liberated neutrons which go on to cause further fissions is
greater than one
x-rays may be regarded as
high frequency radio waves
to perceive greater detail a dolphin emits sounds of
higher frequency
a nucleon has the least mass in the nucleus of
iron
which of the following has the longer wavelength
low energy electron
in the process of fluorescence, the input is high-frequency light and the output is
lower-frequency light
light is emitted when an electron
makes a transition to a lower energy level
in the photoelectric effect, the greater the frequency of the illuminating light, the greater the
maximum velocity of ejected electrons
which of the following are conserved when a photon collides with an electron
momentum and energy
the amount of radiation we personally encounter that originates in the earth's and the atomosphere's natural background is
more than half
an inventor proposes to equip an office with a polarized source of background music and let those who prefer not to hear it wear polarizing earplugs. his idea is
nonsense - you can't polarize a sound wave
in the photoelectric effect, the brighter the illuminating light on a photosensitive surface, the greater the
number of ejected electrons
a painting looks less flat when viewed with
one eye
the half-life on an isotope is one day. at the end of three days, how much of the isotope remains
one-eighth
the half-life of an isotope is one day. at the end of two days the amount that remains is
one-quarter
an atom that absorbs a photon of a certain energy can then emit
only a photon of the same or lower energy
electrons with the greater potential energies with respect to the atomic nucleus are
outer electrons
the photoelectric effect best demonstrates the
particle nature of light
in the double-slit experiment with electrons, the electrons arrive at the screen in a
particle-like way with a pattern that is wave-like
Light will not pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are
perpendicular
some light switches glow in the dark after the lights are turned off. this is because of
phosphorescence
the white light emitted by a fluorescent lamp is provided by the
phosphors on the inner surface of the lamp
a quantum of light is called a
photon
a throbbing pulse of electromagnetic radiation is called a
photon
the high temperature of the earth's interior is due mostly to
radioactivity
an excited atom decays to its ground state and emits a photon of green light. if instead the atom decays to an intermediate state, then the light emitted could be
red
as a solid is gradually heated, the first color to glow is
red
two beams of light, a red beam and a blue beam, have the same energy. the beam with the greater number of photons is the
red beam
to study light interference, we must use light
that has come by different paths from the same source
an excited atom is an atom
that has one or more displaced electrons
astronomers can tell whether a star is approaching or receding from earth by
the doppler effect
an electron and a baseball move at the same speed. which has the longer wavelength
the electron
most of the radioactivity we personally encounter comes from
the natural enviornment
orbital electrons do not spiral into the nucleus because of
the wave nature of the electron
alpha particles are repelled by atomic nuclei because
they both have the same sign of electric charge
Polarization is a property of
transverse waves
light behaves primarily as a wave when it
travels from one place to another
which color of light carries the most energy per photon
violet
quantization of electron energy states in an atom is better understood in terms of the electron's
wave nature
when Rutherford has a stream of alpha particles hit a gold foil, most of the particles
went almost straight through