психология

Areas of conflicts:

Economic, Ideological, Social, Family

Types of Psychotherapy:

Individual therapy, Couples therapy, Family therapy, Group therapy

Tips for Improving EI:

Listen, Empathize, Reflect

What is psychology?

Psychology is the study of mind and behavior.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, when all of the physiological needs are met, people tend to become concerned with which of the following?

Safety needs

Health Psychology is ...

Specialty area that focuses on how biology, psychology, behavior and social factors influence health and illness.

Self-regulation is ...

The ability to monitor and manage your energy states, emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in ways that are acceptable and produce positive results such as well-being, loving relationships, and learning.

Humanism embraces ...

The concepts of self, self-esteem, self-actualization, and free will.

Neuroticism is ...

Trait characterized by sadness, moodiness, and emotional instability.

Conflict genes:

Words, Deeds, Actions

Psychology as an independent experimental field of study began in ...

1879

When did the psychology of health arise?

1970

Non-verbal communication:

body language, gestures, how we dress or act - even our scent.

IQ ...

determines your competencies and individual capacities.

What is the psyche?

in psychology, the mind in its totality, as distinguished from the physical organism.

Emotional memory ...

memory for events that evoke an emotional response.

Values are ...

not goals of behavior.

What is an aptitude?

the capacity to acquire competence or skill through training.

Egocentrism ...

the tendency to emphasize one's own needs, concerns, and outcomes rather than those of others.

A norms often derive from ...

values

How many stages of development are there in Jean Piaget's theory?

4

Panic attack is ...

A sudden onset of intense apprehension and fearfulness in the absence of actual danger.

Types of temperament:

Choleric, Sanguine, Phlegmatic, Melancholic.

The most famous scientist who developed a hierarchical motivation model was:

Abraham Maslow

Who explained motivation through the satisfaction of needs arranged in a hierarchical order?

Abraham Maslow

What are the functions of the Ego?

Acts as both a conduit for and a check on the id, working to meet the id's needs in a socially appropriate way.

The system of psychoanalysis proposed by Carl Jung, in which the psyche is interpreted primarily in terms of philosophical values, primordial images and symbols, and a drive for self-fulfillment.

Analytic psychology

How called are people with slender or slim body?

Asthenic type people

Behaviorists focus on ...

Behavior-environment relations

An approach to psychology, formulated in 1913 by John B. Watson

Behaviorism

Biological psychology is the scientific study of the ...

Biological substrates of behavior and mental states.

Determinants of personality:

Biological, Social, Cultural, Physical, Situational

Five personality factors that contribute to the formation and development of a human personality is ...

Biological, Social, Cultural, Physical, Situational

What is personality?

Characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique

The basic types of temperament are:

Choleric, Sanguine, Phlegmatic, Melancholic.

The leading role in the formation of conflict situations is played by ...

Conflict genes

In Freudian theory, the human mind is structured into two main parts:

Conscious and unconscious mind.

The characteristic attitudes and behaviors of a particular group within society, such as a profession, social class, or age group.

Culture

Extraversion is ...

Excitability, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness, and high amounts of emotional expressiveness

What is a group?

Existing in a single space and at a single time association of people interacting in joint activities and entering into certain business and interpersonal relationships

Types of motivation is ...

External, internal, steadily, unsteadily

The term "unconscious" was first coined by the...

Friedrich Schelling

We will also be motivated by ...

Goals, values, and desires.

The word "psychology" comes from the ...

Greek word

What kind of process is motivation?

Internal process

Types of conflicts:

Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Unconscious Conflicts

Basic biological needs, like food and water, are ...

Intrinsic motivation

What are myths?

Myths are sacred tales that explain the world and man's experience.

What is a social influence?

Norms and rules imposed by society stereotypes.

Five-factor model of Personality:

Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

What are the big five dimensions of personality?

Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

What are the functions of the Id?

Operates at an unconscious level and focuses solely on instinctual drives and desires.

Beginning of psychology is

Philosophy

Self-regulation involves the whole person including 4 aspects:

Physical, Emotional, Mental, Social.

Self-regulation methods:

Planning, Monitoring, Reflection.

What are the functions of the Superego?

Portion of the mind in which morality and higher principles reside, encouraging us to act in socially and morally acceptable ways.

Sigmund Freud developed a method of psychotherapy known as ...

Psychoanalysis

An approach to the mind, personality, psychological disorders, and psychological treatment originally developed by Sigmund Freud at the beginning of the 20th century.

Psychoanaysis

How called are people who are short and having round body?

Pyknic type people

Ernest Kretschmer's Classification of personality characteristics includes:

Pyknic, Asthenic, Athletic, Dysplastic types

What Is the Unconscious?

Reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that outside of conscious awareness.

What is a Psychologist?

Scientists, researchers, therapists and clinicians whose study of human behavior helps to addresses many contemporary issues related to interpersonal relationships, public health, crime and terrorism, education, the economy, and healthcare.

According to Maslow's theory ______ is the highest in the hierarchy.

Self-actualization needs

Five components of Emotional Intelligence:

Self-awareness, Self-regulation, Motivation, Empathy, Social Skills.

Temperament is

Set of genetically determined psychic qualities a person possesses.

The physiological or psychological response to internal or external stressors.

Stress

Emotion is a complex psychological state that involves three distinct components:

Subjective experience, Physiological response, Behavioral or expressive response.

What is Emotional Intelligence?

The ability to perceive, control, and evaluate emotions.

Unconscious Conflict:

The mental conflict below the level of conscious awareness.

What is False positive?

The mistake of doctors or psychologists, in which the patient is not sick, but the doctor diagnosed the disease.

Abnormal psychology is ...

The study of abnormal behavior and psychopathology

What is Developmental psychology?

The study of physical, mental, and behavioral changes, from conception through old age.

Intrapersonal conflicts:

These conflicts arise as a result of two or more motives or goals to be achieved at a time.

Interpersonal conflicts:

This conflicts is caused between individuals.

What is the psyche?

Totality of the human mind, conscious and unconsciouns.

What is Rage?

Uncontrolled aggression.

Categories of communication include:

Verbal, Non-Verbal, Written, Visualizations.

Who opened the first psychological laboratory?

Wilhelm Wundt

What is Consciousness?

Your awareness of yourself and the world around you.

Emotional reasoning is ...

a cognitive process by which an individual concludes that their emotional reaction proves something is true, despite contrary empirical evidence.

What is a communication?

a complex act of mental activity common to most sentient beings.

Need ...

a condition of tension in an organism resulting from deprivation of something required for survival, well-being, or personal fulfillment.

A national identity is ...

a consistent set of attitudes that define who the person is as a citizen of his or her country.

Emotional insulation ...

a defense mechanism characterized by seeming indifference and detachment in response to frustrating situations or disappointing events.

A psychosomatic disorder is ...

a disease which involves both mind and body.

Emotional development ...

a gradual increase in the capacity to experience, express, and interpret the full range of emotions.

Motive (or motivation) is ...

a need, want, interest, or desire that propels someone (or an organism) in a certain direction.

Social attitude ...

a person's general outlook on social issues and approach to his or her social responsibilities.

Feeling can be defined as ...

a person's response to the emotion that comes from the perception of a situation.

What is a self-perception?

a person's view of his or her self or of any of the mental or physical attributes that constitute the self.

Communication is ...

a process that allows organisms to exchange information by several methods.

What is a stereotype?

a set of cognitive generalizations (e.g., beliefs, expectations) about the qualities and characteristics of the members of a group or social category.

Neurolinguistic programming (NLP) ...

a set of techniques and strategies designed to improve interpersonal communications and relationships by modifying the "mental programs," or mental models of the world, that individuals develop and use to respond to and interact with the environment and other people.

Emotional conflict ...

a state of disharmony between incompatible intense emotions.

The formal operational stage include ...

abstract thought and skills arise

The activity of using or treating oneself with something that is harmful is known as ...

abuse

Listening is the ...

active process of making meaning out of another person's spoken message.

The unconscious mind includes

all of the things outside of our awareness - all of the wishes, desires, hopes, urges, and memories that lie outside of awareness yet continue to influence behavior.

The social environment is ...

all the pieces of our community.

The conscious mind includes

all the things we are aware of or can easily bring into awareness.

Melancholia ...

an archaic name for depression.

Extrinsic motivation

an award or a good grade

Identity is ...

an describe an individual's comprehension of him or herself as a discrete, separate entity.

Anger ...

an emotion characterized by tension and hostility arising from frustration.

Happiness ...

an emotion of joy, gladness, satisfaction, and well-being.

Surprise ...

an emotion typically resulting from the violation of an expectation or the detection of novelty in the environment.

Sadness ...

an emotional state of unhappiness.

A norm is ...

an evaluative belief.

Psychologist is ...

an individual who is professionally trained in one or more branches or subfields of psychology.

Choose appropriate definition of Motivation

an individual's intensity, direction and persistence.

Motivation is...

an internal process

What is a reflex?

any of a number of automatic, unlearned, relatively fixed responses to stimuli.

Social behavior ...

any one of a set of behaviors exhibited by gregarious, communal social species, including cooperation, affiliation, altruism and so on.

Motivational factor ...

any physiological or psychological factor that stimulates, maintains, and directs behavior.

Habits ...

are automatic routines of behavior that are repeated regularly, without thinking.

What are habits?

are automatic routines of behavior that are repeated regularly, without thinking.

Feelings ...

are subjective, evaluative, and independent of the sensations, thoughts, or images evoking them.

What are feelings?

are subjective, evaluative, and independent of the sensations, thoughts, or images evoking them.

What is are feelings?

are subjective, evaluative, and independent of the sensations, thoughts, or images evoking them.

General psychology is the study of the

basic theories, principles and methods of psychology

Aggression ...

behavior aimed at harming others physically or psychologically.

A norm indicates the degree to which ...

behavior is regarded as right versus wrong, allowable versus unallowable.

The emotions are ...

behavioral, cognitive and physiological patterns that occur in response to a given stimulus.

Developmental psychology investigates ...

biological, genetic, neurological, psychosocial, cultural, and environmental factors of human growth.

What is a mind?

broadly, all intellectual and psychological phenomena of an organism, encompassing motivational, affective, behavioral, perceptual, and cognitive systems.

Psychosomatic ...

characterizing an approach based on the belief that a psychological component operates in the cause of somatic disturbances.

Freud considered personality to be formed in ...

childhood

Values and norms involve ...

cognitive beliefs of approval or disapproval.

Needs are ...

conditions within the individual that are essential and necessary for the maintenance of life and the nurturance of growth and well-being.

EQ ...

determines how you interact and treat people in your life, it shows how you are going to cope with pressures or face the crises.

Darwin conducted one of the first studies on how people recognize _________ in faces.

emotion

Levels of emotional intelligence including ...

emotional perception, using emotions, understand emotions, manage emotions.

What are the norms and values?

evaluative beliefs that synthesize affective and cognitive elements to orient people to the world in which they live.

The ability ...

existing competence or skill to perform a specific physical or mental act.

Spoken or verbal communication:

face-to-face, telephone, radio or television and other media.

6 types of basic emotions:

fear, disgust, anger, surprise, happiness, and sadness

What emotions suggested Paul Eckman in 1972?

fear, disgust, anger, surprise, happiness, and sadness

Health psychologists are ...

focused on educating people about their own health and well-being, so they are perfectly suited to fill this rising demand.

Self-motivation is ...

generally driven by intrinsic motivation that comes from a sincere wish to achieve and the desire for the inherent rewards associated with it.

Visualisation:

graphs and charts, maps, logos and other communicate messages.

Social psychology focuses on

group behavior, social influences on individual behavior, attitudes, prejudice, conformity, aggression, and related topics

Freud concluded that the successful completion of each stage leads to ...

healthy adult development.

Many health psychologists work specifically focusing on ...

helping people stop health problems before they start.

Motivational psychology is a study of ...

how biological, psychological, and environmental variables contribute to motivation.

The Emotional psychology studies ...

how emotions manifest in humans.

Self-motivation ...

it's a drive that makes you work toward your goals, to put effort into self-development, and to achieve personal fulfillment.

Apathy ...

lack of motivation or goal directed behavior and ​ndifferenceto one's surroundings.

Bandura suggested that observation is critical in ...

learning

The pre-operational stage include ...

learning language

Written communication:

letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet or via other media.

The first and primary mechanism of interpersonal perception is the identification of ...

man by man

The concrete operational stage include ...

more logically thoughts about factual events

Group communication is ...

more than one person communicating to a group or many people interacting together.

Herzberg's two-factor theory is ...

motivation-hygiene theory

Motivation comes from the word...

motive

There are three types of listening:

nformational, critical, and empathic.

Emotion is ...

often defined as a complex state of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes which in their turn influence thoughts and behavior.

What is a self-concept?

one's description and evaluation of oneself, including psychological and physical characteristics, qualities, skills, roles and so forth.

What stages of development did Freud single out?

oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital

Worldview is ...

person's perception of his or her relationship with the world.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is arranged in which order?

physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization

Extrinsic motivation ...

refers to behavior that is driven by external rewards.

Health psychologists work with ....

risk factors, improve overall health, and reduce illness.

The best kind of motivation is ...

self-motivation

What are the main elements of communication?

sender, a message and a recipient.

The sensorimotor stage include ...

simple motor responses

Conflict is ...

situation in which interdependent people express (manifest or latent) differences in satisfying their individual needs and interests, and they experience interference from each other in accomplishing these goals.

Sports psychology is the

study of how psychological factors influence sports, athletic performance, exercise, and physical activity

Emotion regulation ...

the ability of an individual to modulate an emotion or set of emotions.

What is a intelligence?

the ability to derive information, learn from experience, adapt to the environment, understand, and correctly utilize thought and reason.

Emotional cognition ...

the ability to recognize and interpret the emotions of others.

Memory ...

the ability to retain information or a representation of past experience, based on the mental processes.

Nonverbal communication is ...

the act of conveying information without the use of words.

Abnormal psychology ...

the branch of psychology devoted to the study, assessment, treatment, and prevention of maladaptive behavior.

Motivational style ...

the characteristic manner in which an individual seeks or finds the motivation to perform a task.

What is conflict?

the competition between interdependent parties who perceive that they have incompatible needs, goals, desires, or ideas.

What is a focus?

the concentration or centering of attention on a stimulus.

What is a gender?

the condition of being male, female, or neuter.

Aspects of the social environment include:

the economy, safety and security, arts and culture

Personality is ...

the enduring configuration of characteristics and behavior that comprises an individual's unique adjustment to life

Personality ...

the enduring configuration of characteristics and behavior that comprises an individual's unique adjustment to life.

Self-motivation is ...

the force that drives you to do things.

Personality development ...

the gradual development of personality in terms of characteristic emotional responses or temperament.

What is the greatest motivator?

the most powerful motivator of all is fear

Intrinsic motivation is ...

the motivation to engage in a behavior arises from within the individual.

Conflict ...

the occurrence of mutually antagonistic or opposing forces, including events, behaviors, desires, attitudes, and emotions.

The personal idiosyncrasies that separate one person from the next, known as ...

the personal identity

A conflict situation always includes ...

the presence of subjects of a probable collision and its object.

What is a socialization?

the process by which individuals acquire social skills, beliefs, values, and behaviors necessary to function effectively in society or in a particular group.

Interpersonal communication is ...

the process of exchanging messages between people whose lives mutually influence one another in unique ways in relation to social and cultural norms.

Interpersonal perception ...

the process of making meaning from things we experience in people and our relationships.

Perception ...

the process or result of becoming aware of objects, relationships, and events.

Feelings are ...

the result of emotions.

What is a social role?

the set of attitudes and characteristic behaviors expected of an individual.

Social context ...

the specific circumstance or general environment that serves as a social framework for individual or interpersonal behavior.

Communication -

the transmission of information, which may be by verbal (oral or written) or nonverbal means.

What is the purpose of the communication process?

to relate and exchange ideas, knowledge, feelings, and experiences and for many other interpersonal and social purposes.

Empathy is ...

understanding a person from his or her frame of reference rather than one's own, or vicariously experiencing that person's feelings, perceptions, and thoughts.

Goals of Health Psychology:

understanding behavioral and contextual factors for health and illness, preventing illness, finding treatments to manage pain.

Personality psychology focuses on ...

understanding how personality develops as well as the patterns of thoughts, behaviors, and characteristics that make each individual unique.