PSY Ch. 8

Jason and Tanya are going on a trip to the beach with their kids. If Jason has high promotion motivation, what is he MOST likely to say while they prepare for the trip?

"I can't wait to feel the sand in my toes and see some beautiful sunsets on the beach."

Your friend, Marlon, wants to feel happier and asks you what tips you've learned from your psychology class. What is the BEST advice you could give him?

"Perform random acts of kindness, express gratitude to others, appreciate what you have, and visualize your happy future."

Your _____ is a particular weight that your body tends to stay around, even after increasing or decreasing.

Set point

People around the world naturally express emotions _____, and recognize facial expressions _____.

Similarly; similarly

________is a more acceptable form of emotional regulation in collectivistic cultures than in individualistic cultures.

Suppression

Extrinsic Motivation

The desire to perform a behavior to obtain an external reward

Achievement goal theory

Theory of motivation stating that when you are motivated to achieve a goal, certain goals (mastery goals) produce better outcomes than other goals (performance goals).

What is the major criticism of the James-Lange and Cannon-Bard theories of emotion?

They don't focus enough on thought processes in emotion.

What is the BEST explanation for the relationship between money and happiness?

Those with enough money to buy what they want or need are typically happier.

Do food advertisements targeted toward children have an impact on childhood BMI?

Yes, because children are greatly influenced by ads on what and how to eat.

You are playing outside with your 3-year-old nephew, Parker, when he suddenly runs toward the street. According to the Schacter-Singer's two-factor theory, how might your emotion of fear result from this situation?

Your heart rate increases, you realize you fear that he might get hurt, and then you feel fear

You experience a lot of positive emotions, which means you are LESS likely to have:

a stroke or heart disease.

Positive emotions might help from an evolutionary standpoint because:

you are more able to expand your thinking, solve problems in new ways, and connect with others to increase your safety

If you used _____ to regulate emotion while on a blind date with an annoying person, you might check your social networks on your cellphone to distract yourself.

Attentional deployment

Cognitive appraisal theory is the theory of emotion stating that you experience emotion:

Because of what you think about a stimulus.

Solitary confinement in prisons illustrates how important it is to have our _____ met.

Belongingness and love needs

Body mass index (BMI) indicates your:

Body fat and overall fitness level.

_____ and _____ make it difficult for people who are in a lower socioeconomic status (SES) to eat healthy.

Cost; Access

What is the MOST researched and well-known consequence of being overweight or obese?

Disease

A criticism of the cognitive appraisal theory is that in some cases:

Emotion can come before thought

Which theory of emotion states that your brain can actually influence your emotions through facial expressions?

Facial feedback theory

When you are immersed in an activity you truly enjoy and lose track of time, you are in a state of:

Flow

Leptin is a hormone that signals feelings of _____, while grehlin is a hormone that signals feelings of _____.

Fullness; Hunger

People from individualistic cultures are more likely to approve of expressing _____ than those from collectivistic cultures.

Happiness and suprise

You work at a local ice cream shop. Even though you are feeling sad because you just flunked an exam, you are required to smile at the customers and "be happy." At the end of the day, according to the facial feedback hypothesis, how are you likely to feel?

Happy because your brain has been tricked into thinking you are happy since you were smiling all day.

Kristi cries every time she watches a late-night infomercial asking for donations to help starving children in the world. Kristi is likely a _____ person

High - empathy

Which is NOT a mental health problem found to be related to being overweight or obese?

Hostility

How might arousal theory explain the impact of test anxiety on your performance?

If you are extremely anxious about a test, your level of arousal will be moderate, which is the optimal level for the best performance.

Self-determination theory endorses the use of _____, and controlling _____ so that it becomes more autonomous.

Intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation

Who is most likely to have the HIGHEST motivation toward goals focusing on relationships?

Kim, a 19-year-old Chinese student

Examples of social strategy to healthy eating?

Limiting advertising of unhealthy foods taxing unhealthy food promoting healthy eating at schools and workplaces

Who believed motivation is represented by a hierarchy, where you cannot fulfill higher level needs until more basic needs are satisfied.

Maslow

The Yerkes-Dodson law states that _____ levels of arousal are related to _____ levels of performance.

Moderate; high

Older adults tend to experience _____ emotions than younger adults.

More positive

Bob and Linda are highly stressed due to the opening of their new burger restaurant. In this situation, Linda will probably eat _____ and Bob will probably eat _____.

More, Less

People who live in Western cultures are _____ likely to be unrealistically optimistic about their personal future, but _____ likely to be optimistic about their relationships as those who live in Eastern cultures.

More; equally

Your sister, Lola, is getting ready to go to college and is worried about putting on the "freshman 15." She is currently at a healthy BMI but tends to get stressed easily. What is the BEST advice you could give her?

Most people with a normal BMI only gain a few pounds in college. However, you will need to be careful not to overeat when you get stressed."

A(n) _____ is often described as a blissful moment that allows you to lose track of time and space, as well as any problems that are currently bothering you.

Peak experience

example of drive reduction theory

Peijing ate a banana after feeling her stomach growl because her empty stomach caused unpleasant sensations that motivated Peijing to eat the banana.

Which is the lowest level of needs in the hierarchy of needs?

Physiological needs

Example of being intrinsically motivated?

Premal shovels his grandmother's driveway because he wants her to be safe when she goes outside.

Basic Drives explained as the basis of motivation in the drive reduction theory

hunger thirst physical comfort

The classic theories of motivation include all EXCEPT:

self-determination theory.

People may meet their self-transcendence needs by

serving as missionaries in a foreign country. becoming more active in a local pagan group. helping the homeless by serving in a soup kitchen.

Based on research, what is the average amount of weight a freshman in college is likely to gain?

3-4 Pounds

Methods for regulating emotions

cognitive change situation selection situation modification

What is the MOST researched and well-known consequence of being overweight or obese?

disease