Psychology Chapter Eight Quiz

In order for a memory to go into storage (i.e., long-term memory), it has to pass through three distinct stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and ________ memory.

long-term

What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time?

memory

________ encoding is the encoding of images.

visual

________ encoding is the encoding of sounds.

acoustic

Encoding information occurs through ________.

automatic processing and effortful processing

The formulation of new memories is sometimes called ________, and the process of bringing up old memories is called ________.

construction; reconstruction

What type of memories do we consciously try to remember and recall?

explicit memories

For many in the baby-boom generation, the Kennedy assassination represents a ________, an exceptionally clear recollection of an important event.

flashbulb memory

A public opinion poll was administered to 50 people before the election of President Barack Obama. Polls taken before election night showed 50% of the people polled believed Barack Obama would be elected president. After the election results, the same people were asked if they believed Barack Obama would be elected president, and this time 75% of the people said yes. This may be an example of ________ bias.

hindsight

What is episodic memory?

information about events we have personally experienced

What is semantic memory?

knowledge about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge and facts

When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system that helps you choose the correct answer.

recognition

What is the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance?

self-reference effect

The encoding of words and their meaning is known as ________ encoding.

semantic

What kind of memory involves storage of brief events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes?

sensory

Elaborative rehearsal involves ________

thinking about the meaning of the new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory

What is procedural memory?

type of implicit memory that stores information about how to do things

Which of the following is an example of a mnemonic device?

using the acronym "HOMES" to remember the names of the five Great Lakes