Respiratory Acidosis, Respiratory Alkalosis, Metabolic Acidosis & Metabolic Alkalosis

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Respiratory Acidosis

labored breathing, cyanosis, CNS depression, drowsiness, stupor, disorientation

Metabolic Alkalosis

Administration of alkali - antacids

Metabolic Alkalosis

Brought on by non-respiratory losses of acid from the body or by accumulation of bases

Respiratory Acidosis

COPD, Emphysema

Respiratory Alkalosis

Caused by a decrease in CO2

Respiratory Acidosis

Caused by an excess of CO2 in the blood

Metabolic Acidosis

Caused by gain of hydrogen

Metabolic Acidosis

Caused by loss of bicarbonate

Metabolic Acidosis

Causes: diarrhea, renal failure, DKA, starvation

Respiratory Acidosis

Conditions that impair pulmonary ventilation

Respiratory Alkalosis

Excess ventilation (with respect to metabolic requirements).

Respiratory Alkalosis

Fever

Metabolic Alkalosis

Gastric lavage/suction

Respiratory Alkalosis

Hyperventilation

Respiratory Acidosis

Hypoventilation

Metabolic Alkalosis

Increase HCO3- in the blood

Respiratory Acidosis

Pneumonia

Respiratory Acidosis

Pulmonary edema

Respiratory Acidosis

Renal compensation

Respiratory Alkalosis

Renal compensation

Metabolic Acidosis

Respiratory compensation

Respiratory Alkalosis

Salicylate toxicity

Respiratory Alkalosis

Symptoms: Lightheaded, agitation, nervousness, tingling

Metabolic Alkalosis

Symptoms: decreased rate and depth of breathing, irritability, weakness, decreased intestinal motility, numbness and tingling

Metabolic Acidosis

Treatment: NaHCO3 IV

Respiratory Acidosis

Treatment: Ventilation therapy

Metabolic Alkalosis

Treatment: fluid therapy to replace Cl-, K+, and other electrolytes

Respiratory Alkalosis

Treatment: patient re-breathes exhaled CO2

Metabolic Alkalosis

Use of diuretics

Metabolic Alkalosis

Vomiting


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