Revel Ch 9

Of the minority racial-ethnic groups in the United States, which group has the highest average income? Native Americans Asian Americans Latinos African Americans

Asian Americans

Nick is conducting research regarding the number of races that exist. What will he likely find? Because race is such an arbitrary term, sociologists do not agree on a number. Sociologists categorize people into one of three races. There at 197 racial groups. Most sociologists agree there are 40 racial groups.

Because race is such an arbitrary term, sociologists do not agree on a number

What is the difference between discrimination and prejudice? Discrimination can be positive or negative, while prejudice is always negative. Discrimination is a learned behavior, but prejudice is instinctual. Prejudice is an act of unfair treatment, while discrimination is an attitude. Discrimination is an act of unfair treatment, while prejudice is an attitude.

Discrimination is an act of unfair treatment, while prejudice is an attitude.

Which of the following people would be most likely to enter into an interracial marriage? Jamal, an African American man Ricardo, a Latino Eileen, a Japanese-American woman Rebecca, a European American woman

Eileen, a Japanese-American woman

Why are Native Americans considered an invisible minority? Most Native Americans have emigrated out of the United States. In most states, Native Americans are not allowed to own or run businesses. Native Americans blend in with other racial-ethnic groups. Many live in rural areas, and one-third live in just three states.

Many live in rural areas, and one-third live in just three states

What is the fundamental difference between psychological and sociological theories of prejudice? Sociological theories examine both internal and external factors, and psychological theories only examine external factors. Psychological theories look for environmental explanations, and sociological theories examine internal factors. Psychological theories examine both internal and external factors, and sociological theories only examine external factors. Psychological theories look for explanations within a person, and sociological theories examine external factors.

Psychological theories look for explanations within a person, and sociological theories examine external factors.

Which of the following statements best describes the current situation in the United States? Racism still exists today, but there is much less than 75 years ago. Racism is more prevalent today than it was 75 years ago. While racism is no longer socially acceptable, it is still as prevalent as it was 75 years ago. Racism has been eradicated from mainstream culture in the United States.

Racism still exists today, but there is much less than 75 years ago

__________ allows dominant groups to maintain distance from minority groups while still benefiting from their presence. Direct transfer Segregation Population transfer Compartmentalization

Segregation

How will immigration affect the future racial-ethnic mix in the United States? The proportion of non-Hispanic whites will shrink, and the proportion of Latinos will increase. The proportion of Native Americans and non-Hispanic whites will increase. The proportion of African Americans will grow, but the proportion of Latinos.will shrink. The proportion of both African Americans and Latinos will shrink.

The proportion of non-Hispanic whites will shrink, and the proportion of Latinos will increase.

Which statement best reflects the characteristics of individuals with an authoritarian personality? They have a deep respect for authority but are extremely adept at compromise. They have a deep respect for authority and maintain strict authority over others. They have a deep respect for authority and are submissive to authority figures. They have negative attitudes toward authority but maintain strict authority over others.

They have a deep respect for authority and are submissive to authority figures.

Historically, the largest group of immigrants to the United States was from __________. Africa Western Europe Asia South America

Western Europe

The goal of __________ is to have minority groups participate fully in social institutions while maintaining their cultural identity. assimilation a multicultural society segregation a mass society

a multicultural society

What is ethnic work? the jobs typically done by a specific ethnic group the information given to those outside an ethnic group a person's activities designed to construct or maintain his or her ethnic identity the process of becoming part of an integrated melting pot in American society

a person's activities designed to construct or maintain his or her ethnic identity

Many Native American tribes have opened and run successful __________ after legal victories gave them control of their reservations. casinos theaters schools museums

casinos

Many people who participate in genocide do not consider themselves bad people because they are able to __________. justify their actions compartmentalize their actions atone for their crimes blame others

compartmentalize their actions

According to a functionalist perspective, prejudice can be functional when it __________. creates in-group solidarity causes conflicts between groups is caused by government agencies labels groups through selective perception

creates in-group solidarity

In contrast to race, ethnicity is based on __________. heritage language cultural characteristics citizenship

cultural characteristics

Typically, where do people learn prejudice? from information they read online they are born with prejudice from celebrities from the people around them

from the people around them

Research has shown that ___________ increases prejudice. hot weather contact with other races education frustration

frustration

The events in Rwanda in 1994 are an example of __________, or ethnic cleansing. genocide discrimination racism prejudice

genocide

One fear that has not changed over time regarding immigration is that __________. immigrants will bring unfamiliar diseases that will be uncontrollable by local doctors immigrants will cause major shifts in governmental policy immigrants will undermine the educational system of the United States immigrants will take jobs away from native-born citizens

immigrants will take jobs away from native-born citizens

Joshua and many of his neighbors have seen their taxes increase exponentially, and they are constantly being harassed by local law enforcement. He and his neighbors have decided to move on, in search of a more hospitable homeland. This is an example of __________.. direct transfer segregation indirect transfer ethnic cleansing

indirect transfer

The negative treatment of one person by another is called __________ discrimination. institutional unintentional individual group

individual

Research conducted with the Implicit Association Test shows that __________. individuals internalize the biases and norms of the dominant group males are more prejudiced than females prejudices only affect the dominant group prejudices are based on wealth and prestige

individuals internalize the biases and norms of the dominant group

When Clarence, a young black man, and his wife applied for a home mortgage, they were denied despite their excellent credit history. What is this most likely an example of? institutional discrimination selective perception individual discrimination prejudice

institutional discrimination

What term is used to describe a dominant group exploiting minority groups for its economic advantage? segregation direct transfer indirect transfer internal colonialism

internal colonialism

When it was implemented, one argument against affirmative action was that__________. it will cause college graduation rates to plummet racism was no longer an issue and affirmative action was no longer needed it discriminates against qualified people who had nothing to do with past inequality it will not benefit minorities because they would not be equally qualified

it discriminates against qualified people who had nothing to do with past inequality

In genocide, the group being killed is often __________. made up of criminals the group that used to be in power mostly women and children labeled in a way to make them sound inferior

labeled in a way to make them sound inferior

According to symbolic interactionists, __________. government pressure can create prejudice the split labor market and reserve labor force help keep workers in line frustration is the root of prejudice labels can create prejudice

labels can create prejudice

What is the umbrella term used to describe people from Spanish-speaking countries of Central and South America? Latino Machismo Chicano Mexicano

latino

Another term for multiculturalism is __________. segregation assimilation population transfer pluralism

pluralism

The Trail of Tears was a result of the U.S. government policy of __________ of Native Americans. ethnic cleansing segregation population transfer education

population transfer

A dominant group does not have to be a majority, because dominance is determined by ___________. race religion ethnicity power and privilege

power and privilege

To help minorities and women attend college, the Supreme Court suggested this as an alternative to affirmative action, to __________. include a separate application process for minorities and women create quotas for the number of minorities that would be given assistance provide direct assistance to all low-income homes regardless of race-ethnicity accept only those individuals qualified for assistance regardless of race-ethnicity

provide direct assistance to all low-income homes regardless of race-ethnicity

A group of people with inherited physical characteristics that differentiate them from another group is considered a(n) __________. race family social class ethnicity

race

Segregation separates the minority group from the dominant group. Forced assimilation __________. forcibly relocates the minority groups adds the minority group's customs to mainstream culture allows minority groups to practice customs from the dominant or minority groups as they choose requires minority groups to join the dominant group by forcing them to follow mainstream culture

requires minority groups to join the dominant group by forcing them to follow mainstream culture

In the 1960s, African Americans' __________ went unfulfilled when the legal changes in their civil rights did little to change their living conditions. pluralism assimilation compartmentalization rising expectations

rising expectations

When the Jewish population in Germany was blamed for the country's economic troubles in the 1930s, they were being used as a(n) __________. dominant group excuse scapegoat reserve labor force

scapegoat

According to contact theory, __________. interracial friendships will most likely fail spending time with people of other races who are of equal status will increase prejudice interracial friendships are seen as negative influences by others spending time with people of other races who are of equal status will increase understanding and decrease prejudice

spending time with people of other races who are of equal status will increase understanding and decrease prejudice

Selective perception is a part of which sociological theory of prejudice? functionalist theory conflict theory symbolic interactionism authoritarianism

symbolic interactionism

Because an individual will have an overwhelming majority of genetic material in common with any other individual, the idea of __________ is false. prejudice the existence of pure races evolution assimilation

the existence of pure races

One reason that so few Latinos are in elected positions is __________. there is little unity among Latinos from different countries Latinos have little desire to seek public office the Latino population in the United States is very small candidates are required to campaign in English

there is little unity among Latinos from different countries

When neither the person being discriminated against nor the person doing the discriminating is aware of the discrimination occurring, it is called __________ discrimination. unintentional noncontact institutional latent

unintentional

According to researchers, African American doctors are __________. unintentionally more likely to give preventive care to white patients intentionally more likely to give preventive care to African American patients. unintentionally more likely to give preventive care to African American patients likely to give equal preventive care to their patients, regardless of race

unintentionally more likely to give preventive care to white patients

Which of the following examples best describes a split labor market? hiring additional workers in good economic times and laying them off during bad times women doing the same work as men for a lower salary assigning boys to separate groups and organizing competitions to engender prejudice only hiring one racial-ethnic group to avoid workplace tension

women doing the same work as men for a lower salary