Rome quiz 5
In what year was the Edict of Milan issued? [Kirsch ch. 6]
313 CE
What happened to the last western Roman emperor? 199
He was forced to retire
What happened in 476 CE? 191
The Western Roman Emperor was permanently deposed
What Roman ruler(s) first criminalized the rites and rituals of paganism in general? [Kirsch ch. 8]
The sons of Constantine
What right was guaranteed in the Edict of Milan? [Kirsch ch. 6]
To worship any or all gods freely
What writing did Constantine supposedly see in the sky? [Kirsch ch. 5]
"In this sign, conquer"
About what percentage of the population of the Roman Empire was Christian during the reign of Constantine? [Kirsch ch. 6]
10%
How many false beliefs and practices did one bishop count already by the 4th century CE? [Kirsch ch. 6]
156
What was the Roman office of "vicar" originally? [Kirsch ch. 7]
A deputy in charge of a province
What was the Rule of St. Benedict? 189
A division of each day into 7 parts, each with compulsory prayers and lessons
What was a basilica originally? [Kirsch ch. 7]
A public building housing government offices
Who was Constantine's father? [Kirsch ch. 5]
A soldier
What was a diocese originally? [Kirsch ch. 7]
An administrative area run by a vicar
What was Diocletian's background? 169
An uneducated soldier
Which was NOT a city housing one of the most important and influential of the bishops in the early church? 183
Athens
Who was the author of the most influential (non-scriptural) doctrinal texts in Western Christendom? 185
Augustine
What two titles were used among the tetrarchs? [Kirsch ch. 5]
Augustus and Caesar
What Roman territory was taken over by the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century CE? 198
British Isles
What word is used by scholars to refer to the Eastern half of the Roman empire after the fall of the west? 202
Byzantine
What Greek town lay at the site where Constantinople was built? 179
Byzantium
What was the most popular public entertainment in the late eastern empire? 203
Chariot racing
What was a main teaching of Arianism? 184
Christ the Son was subordinate to God the father
What was the orthodox view about the nature of Christ? 185
Christ was simultaneously God and man
What happened after Diocletian resigned as emperor? [Kirsch ch. 5]
Civil War, ending with Constantine's reign
Who founded the Frankish kingdom that would eventually become modern France? 201
Clovis
Who began building the original Basilica of St. Peter in Rome? 179
Constantine
Who issued the Edict of Milan? [Kirsch ch. 6]
Constantine
Who summoned the Council of Nicea? [Kirsch ch. 7]
Constantine
Who was Diocletian's successor? 177
Constantine
Who was the first Christian emperor? 177
Constantine
Who supposedly went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem and found, among other things, the True Cross? [Kirsch ch. 7]
Constantine's mother
What city was the capital of the eastern empire? 192
Constantinople
What does the word "orthodox" mean? [Kirsch ch. 6]
Correct belief
Who was Constantine's mother? [Kirsch ch. 5]
Daughter of an innkeeper
What emperor established the tetrarchy at Rome? [Kirsch ch. 5]
Diocletian
What emperor instituted the Great Persecution of Christians? [Kirsch ch. 5]
Diocletian
Who instituted what is called the "Great Prosecution" of the Christians? 176
Diocletian
Who introduced courtiers and elaborate court ceremony to the Roman imperial government? 171
Diocletian
What change did Diocletian enact? 172
Divided the empire into two halves
What title did Diocletian use? 171
Dominus
What did Christians do to other Christians who betrayed the faith by naming names to pagan authorities? [Kirsch ch. 6]
Excommunicated them
What is the meaning of the Greek word from which the modern word "pope" derives? 183
Father
How did Justinian treat non-Christians? 211
Forced them to be baptized or forfeit their lands
How did the western Romans deal with the invading Visigoths in the early 5th century CE? 196
Gave the southwestern Gaul as a federated kingdom of their own
What measure was NOT part of the Great Persecution of the Christians? 176-77
Government-sanctioned lynch mobs
What was the everyday common language in the eastern empire? 204
Greek
How did Diocletian change the nature of the government? 172
He asserted his autocracy most aggressively
How did Diocletian address the financial crisis? 174
He issued an Edict on Maximum Prices to control inflation
How did Diocletian address the financial crisis? 174-75
He made many occupations both mandatory and hereditary
Why did Constantine ban private auguries? [Kirsch ch. 7]
He was afraid the results would encourage enemies of the state to rise against him
Why did early Christians often delay baptism? [Kirsch ch. 7]
In order to wait until all opportunity to sin was over
What famous vowel--the difference between two key Greek words--caused an enormous division within the Christian community? [Kirsch ch. 6]
Iota
Starting in the 7th century CE, Eastern Rome lost large tracts of land to whom? 203
Islamic armies
How was Christian theology useful to Constantine politically? [Kirsch ch. 7]
It provided the rationale for absolute monarchy
Why did today's surviving classical literature survive? 213
It served as textbooks for educating the young
What statement is true about the Roman empire by the end of the 4th century CE? 192
It was formally divided into two halves
What Roman territory was taken over by the Ostrogoths in the 5th century CE? 198
Italy
How did Christian emperors treat the Jews? 182
Jews were allowed to exist, but with legal restrictions imposed upon them
When did Constantine receive his fateful sign? [Kirsch ch. 5]
Just before an important battle
What emperor briefly reunited the two halves of the Roman empire in the 6th century CE? 206
Justinian
What emperor codified the laws of Rome for the first time? 210-11
Justinian
What did the successors of Constantine do over time? [Kirsch ch. 8]
Killed nearly all their male relatives
What practice did St. Basil start in order to compete with traditional asceticism? 188
Monks should perform charitable works
How did taxes change under Diocletian and later emperors? 174
More and more taxes were paid in goods rather than cash
What Roman territory was taken over by the Vandals in the 5th century CE? 198
Northern Africa
What Roman territory was taken over by the Franks in the 5th-6th century CE? 201
Northern Gaul
What special status did the Edict of Milan give to the Christians? [Kirsch ch. 6]
Nothing special
When was Constantine baptized? [Kirsch ch. 7]
On his deathbed
According to Augustine, what was the only pure life? 186
One in which bodily pleasures were denied
What did Theodosius do in 391 CE? 181
Outlawed animal sacrifices
What is wergild? 201
Payment used to atone for a murder
What caused the barbarian migrations of the 5th century CE? 193
Pressure from the Huns in the East
What important idea solidified itself within the Christian Church in the 4th century CE? 186
Priests and bishops should be sexually chaste
What did Theodosius do to promote Christianity? 181-82
Punished animal sacrifice as a form of high treason
What city was the capital of the Western Roman empire in the 5th century CE? 192
Ravenna
What did Julian attempt to do to oppose Christianity subtly? [Kirsch ch. 10]
Rebuild the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem
What did Romans call their government under Diocletian? 171
Republic
What was NOT one of the things did Constantine did in order to help Christianity? [Kirsch ch. 7]
Required all government officials to be Christians
What restrictions did Diocletian institute? 176
Restrictions on individual travel
Who were the "men in black"? [Kirsch, Epilogue]
Rigorist monks who opposed pagans
What caused the Donatist schism in Carthage? [Kirsch ch. 6]
Rigorists refused to recognize the authority of the bishop who had aided pagan authorities in the persecutions
What word was used by the people in it to refer to the Eastern half of the Roman empire after the fall of the west? 203
Roman
What was the federated state of the Visigoths modeled on? 196-97
Roman government
Who was the last western Roman emperor? 199
Romulus Augustulus
What did traditional German government look like? 200
Rudimentary, with assemblies of the free male warriors attending a chief
What financial problem faced Diocletian when he assumed power? 174
Runaway inflation
Who was the chief god worshiped by Julian? [Kirsch ch. 9]
Sol Invictus
What Roman territory was taken over by the Visigoths in the 5th century CE? 196-97
Southwestern Gaul and Spain
What was the name for the division of power instituted by Domitian? 172
Tetrarchy
What was the core dissenting belief among the Arians? [Kirsch ch. 6]
That Jesus is a lesser being than God the Father
Under what name is Julian known in history? [Kirsch, Epilogue]
The Apostate
According to one version, Constantine had a dream telling him to put what sign on his soldiers' shields? [Kirsch ch. 5]
The Chi-Rho
To what did Constantine attribute his victory in the Civil Wars? 177
The Christian god
What does the word "dominus" mean? 171
The Master of a slave
What did Diocletian's court most resemble in its ceremonies and trappings? 171
The Persian King's court
What prevented the Huns from sacking Rome in 452 CE? 194
The Pope paid a huge bribe
What happened in 410 CE? 191
The Visigoths sacked Rome
Why did the Visigoths cross the Danube into Rome in 376 CE? 196
The emperor allowed them to cross on condition that they serve in the army
What was a main doctrine taught in Augustine's City of God? 185-86
The state had the right to compel people to stay united to the church
What Roman emperor formally elevated Christianity to be the state religion of Rome? [Kirsch, Epilogue]
Theodosius
What happened in general to judicial verdicts in Diocletian's time? 172
They become much more harsh
How did the Eastern emperors guard their borders from the Huns? 194
They bribed the Huns
What strategy did the eastern emperors use to keep the barbarians out of their lands? 196
They employed a combination of bribery and pushing them west
How did the western emperors unintentionally contribute to the barbarian migrations of the 5th century CE? 193
They recruited Germans heavily to serve in the Roman army
If a sect was declared an anathema, what happened to its members? [Kirsch ch. 6]
They were excommunicated
Why, once settled in the Roman empire, did the Visigoths rebel? 194
They were exploited and starved by the officials in charge of helping them
What best characterizes the western Roman emperors in the 5th century CE? 199
They were treated as puppets by the Ostrogoths
What right did the Visigoths earn in the aftermath of the Battle of Adrianople? 194
To establish a federated kingdom under their own laws within the Roman borders
What was Constantine's purpose in founding Constantinople? [Kirsch ch. 7]
To have a Christian capital of the eastern empire
What was the original goal of the Monastic movement? 187
To withdraw from society and live a life of self-denial
What does the word "catholic" mean? [Kirsch ch. 6]
Universal
What was the outcome of the Battle of Adrianople in 378 CE? 196
Visigoths killed the Eastern emperer and two-thirds of the Roman army
What practice did Diocletian adopt, which was followed by later emperors? 171
Wearing jeweled robes and a gold crown
What was the first major question that faced Christians once their religion was legal? [Kirsch ch. 6]
What to do with those who had betrayed the faith during the Great Persecution
What was one of the issues that faced the Council of Nicea? [Kirsch ch. 7]
What was the proper date of Easter?
