Rome quiz 5

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In what year was the Edict of Milan issued? [Kirsch ch. 6]

313 CE

What happened to the last western Roman emperor? 199

He was forced to retire

What happened in 476 CE? 191

The Western Roman Emperor was permanently deposed

What Roman ruler(s) first criminalized the rites and rituals of paganism in general? [Kirsch ch. 8]

The sons of Constantine

What right was guaranteed in the Edict of Milan? [Kirsch ch. 6]

To worship any or all gods freely

What writing did Constantine supposedly see in the sky? [Kirsch ch. 5]

"In this sign, conquer"

About what percentage of the population of the Roman Empire was Christian during the reign of Constantine? [Kirsch ch. 6]

10%

How many false beliefs and practices did one bishop count already by the 4th century CE? [Kirsch ch. 6]

156

What was the Roman office of "vicar" originally? [Kirsch ch. 7]

A deputy in charge of a province

What was the Rule of St. Benedict? 189

A division of each day into 7 parts, each with compulsory prayers and lessons

What was a basilica originally? [Kirsch ch. 7]

A public building housing government offices

Who was Constantine's father? [Kirsch ch. 5]

A soldier

What was a diocese originally? [Kirsch ch. 7]

An administrative area run by a vicar

What was Diocletian's background? 169

An uneducated soldier

Which was NOT a city housing one of the most important and influential of the bishops in the early church? 183

Athens

Who was the author of the most influential (non-scriptural) doctrinal texts in Western Christendom? 185

Augustine

What two titles were used among the tetrarchs? [Kirsch ch. 5]

Augustus and Caesar

What Roman territory was taken over by the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century CE? 198

British Isles

What word is used by scholars to refer to the Eastern half of the Roman empire after the fall of the west? 202

Byzantine

What Greek town lay at the site where Constantinople was built? 179

Byzantium

What was the most popular public entertainment in the late eastern empire? 203

Chariot racing

What was a main teaching of Arianism? 184

Christ the Son was subordinate to God the father

What was the orthodox view about the nature of Christ? 185

Christ was simultaneously God and man

What happened after Diocletian resigned as emperor? [Kirsch ch. 5]

Civil War, ending with Constantine's reign

Who founded the Frankish kingdom that would eventually become modern France? 201

Clovis

Who began building the original Basilica of St. Peter in Rome? 179

Constantine

Who issued the Edict of Milan? [Kirsch ch. 6]

Constantine

Who summoned the Council of Nicea? [Kirsch ch. 7]

Constantine

Who was Diocletian's successor? 177

Constantine

Who was the first Christian emperor? 177

Constantine

Who supposedly went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem and found, among other things, the True Cross? [Kirsch ch. 7]

Constantine's mother

What city was the capital of the eastern empire? 192

Constantinople

What does the word "orthodox" mean? [Kirsch ch. 6]

Correct belief

Who was Constantine's mother? [Kirsch ch. 5]

Daughter of an innkeeper

What emperor established the tetrarchy at Rome? [Kirsch ch. 5]

Diocletian

What emperor instituted the Great Persecution of Christians? [Kirsch ch. 5]

Diocletian

Who instituted what is called the "Great Prosecution" of the Christians? 176

Diocletian

Who introduced courtiers and elaborate court ceremony to the Roman imperial government? 171

Diocletian

What change did Diocletian enact? 172

Divided the empire into two halves

What title did Diocletian use? 171

Dominus

What did Christians do to other Christians who betrayed the faith by naming names to pagan authorities? [Kirsch ch. 6]

Excommunicated them

What is the meaning of the Greek word from which the modern word "pope" derives? 183

Father

How did Justinian treat non-Christians? 211

Forced them to be baptized or forfeit their lands

How did the western Romans deal with the invading Visigoths in the early 5th century CE? 196

Gave the southwestern Gaul as a federated kingdom of their own

What measure was NOT part of the Great Persecution of the Christians? 176-77

Government-sanctioned lynch mobs

What was the everyday common language in the eastern empire? 204

Greek

How did Diocletian change the nature of the government? 172

He asserted his autocracy most aggressively

How did Diocletian address the financial crisis? 174

He issued an Edict on Maximum Prices to control inflation

How did Diocletian address the financial crisis? 174-75

He made many occupations both mandatory and hereditary

Why did Constantine ban private auguries? [Kirsch ch. 7]

He was afraid the results would encourage enemies of the state to rise against him

Why did early Christians often delay baptism? [Kirsch ch. 7]

In order to wait until all opportunity to sin was over

What famous vowel--the difference between two key Greek words--caused an enormous division within the Christian community? [Kirsch ch. 6]

Iota

Starting in the 7th century CE, Eastern Rome lost large tracts of land to whom? 203

Islamic armies

How was Christian theology useful to Constantine politically? [Kirsch ch. 7]

It provided the rationale for absolute monarchy

Why did today's surviving classical literature survive? 213

It served as textbooks for educating the young

What statement is true about the Roman empire by the end of the 4th century CE? 192

It was formally divided into two halves

What Roman territory was taken over by the Ostrogoths in the 5th century CE? 198

Italy

How did Christian emperors treat the Jews? 182

Jews were allowed to exist, but with legal restrictions imposed upon them

When did Constantine receive his fateful sign? [Kirsch ch. 5]

Just before an important battle

What emperor briefly reunited the two halves of the Roman empire in the 6th century CE? 206

Justinian

What emperor codified the laws of Rome for the first time? 210-11

Justinian

What did the successors of Constantine do over time? [Kirsch ch. 8]

Killed nearly all their male relatives

What practice did St. Basil start in order to compete with traditional asceticism? 188

Monks should perform charitable works

How did taxes change under Diocletian and later emperors? 174

More and more taxes were paid in goods rather than cash

What Roman territory was taken over by the Vandals in the 5th century CE? 198

Northern Africa

What Roman territory was taken over by the Franks in the 5th-6th century CE? 201

Northern Gaul

What special status did the Edict of Milan give to the Christians? [Kirsch ch. 6]

Nothing special

When was Constantine baptized? [Kirsch ch. 7]

On his deathbed

According to Augustine, what was the only pure life? 186

One in which bodily pleasures were denied

What did Theodosius do in 391 CE? 181

Outlawed animal sacrifices

What is wergild? 201

Payment used to atone for a murder

What caused the barbarian migrations of the 5th century CE? 193

Pressure from the Huns in the East

What important idea solidified itself within the Christian Church in the 4th century CE? 186

Priests and bishops should be sexually chaste

What did Theodosius do to promote Christianity? 181-82

Punished animal sacrifice as a form of high treason

What city was the capital of the Western Roman empire in the 5th century CE? 192

Ravenna

What did Julian attempt to do to oppose Christianity subtly? [Kirsch ch. 10]

Rebuild the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem

What did Romans call their government under Diocletian? 171

Republic

What was NOT one of the things did Constantine did in order to help Christianity? [Kirsch ch. 7]

Required all government officials to be Christians

What restrictions did Diocletian institute? 176

Restrictions on individual travel

Who were the "men in black"? [Kirsch, Epilogue]

Rigorist monks who opposed pagans

What caused the Donatist schism in Carthage? [Kirsch ch. 6]

Rigorists refused to recognize the authority of the bishop who had aided pagan authorities in the persecutions

What word was used by the people in it to refer to the Eastern half of the Roman empire after the fall of the west? 203

Roman

What was the federated state of the Visigoths modeled on? 196-97

Roman government

Who was the last western Roman emperor? 199

Romulus Augustulus

What did traditional German government look like? 200

Rudimentary, with assemblies of the free male warriors attending a chief

What financial problem faced Diocletian when he assumed power? 174

Runaway inflation

Who was the chief god worshiped by Julian? [Kirsch ch. 9]

Sol Invictus

What Roman territory was taken over by the Visigoths in the 5th century CE? 196-97

Southwestern Gaul and Spain

What was the name for the division of power instituted by Domitian? 172

Tetrarchy

What was the core dissenting belief among the Arians? [Kirsch ch. 6]

That Jesus is a lesser being than God the Father

Under what name is Julian known in history? [Kirsch, Epilogue]

The Apostate

According to one version, Constantine had a dream telling him to put what sign on his soldiers' shields? [Kirsch ch. 5]

The Chi-Rho

To what did Constantine attribute his victory in the Civil Wars? 177

The Christian god

What does the word "dominus" mean? 171

The Master of a slave

What did Diocletian's court most resemble in its ceremonies and trappings? 171

The Persian King's court

What prevented the Huns from sacking Rome in 452 CE? 194

The Pope paid a huge bribe

What happened in 410 CE? 191

The Visigoths sacked Rome

Why did the Visigoths cross the Danube into Rome in 376 CE? 196

The emperor allowed them to cross on condition that they serve in the army

What was a main doctrine taught in Augustine's City of God? 185-86

The state had the right to compel people to stay united to the church

What Roman emperor formally elevated Christianity to be the state religion of Rome? [Kirsch, Epilogue]

Theodosius

What happened in general to judicial verdicts in Diocletian's time? 172

They become much more harsh

How did the Eastern emperors guard their borders from the Huns? 194

They bribed the Huns

What strategy did the eastern emperors use to keep the barbarians out of their lands? 196

They employed a combination of bribery and pushing them west

How did the western emperors unintentionally contribute to the barbarian migrations of the 5th century CE? 193

They recruited Germans heavily to serve in the Roman army

If a sect was declared an anathema, what happened to its members? [Kirsch ch. 6]

They were excommunicated

Why, once settled in the Roman empire, did the Visigoths rebel? 194

They were exploited and starved by the officials in charge of helping them

What best characterizes the western Roman emperors in the 5th century CE? 199

They were treated as puppets by the Ostrogoths

What right did the Visigoths earn in the aftermath of the Battle of Adrianople? 194

To establish a federated kingdom under their own laws within the Roman borders

What was Constantine's purpose in founding Constantinople? [Kirsch ch. 7]

To have a Christian capital of the eastern empire

What was the original goal of the Monastic movement? 187

To withdraw from society and live a life of self-denial

What does the word "catholic" mean? [Kirsch ch. 6]

Universal

What was the outcome of the Battle of Adrianople in 378 CE? 196

Visigoths killed the Eastern emperer and two-thirds of the Roman army

What practice did Diocletian adopt, which was followed by later emperors? 171

Wearing jeweled robes and a gold crown

What was the first major question that faced Christians once their religion was legal? [Kirsch ch. 6]

What to do with those who had betrayed the faith during the Great Persecution

What was one of the issues that faced the Council of Nicea? [Kirsch ch. 7]

What was the proper date of Easter?


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