science weather test

Higher the numbered values

The more heat energy needed to raise temp

Why do we have seasons

The tilt of the Earth's axis

Seasons

Vertical ray shifts everyday due to 23.5 axial tilt of the earth and revolution around the sun

polar

all cold temperature

which ozone is good

stratospheric ozone

vertical ray

sunlight that strikes earth from directly overhead

Stratosphere

-contains most of the atmospheres ozone -where jets and manned balloons have gone

Magnetosphere

-earths magnetic field -causes aurora borealis (northern lights)

ionosphere

-lower part of the Thermosphere -Radio waves bounce back to the Earth's surface.

troposphere

-most weather occurs here -where we live -convection currents

ozonosphere

-ozone is made of 3 oxygen atoms -protects the surface from suns UV rays -humans are causing ozone depletion

mesosphere

-protects earth from meteors -coldest region of the atmosphere

thermosphere

-temperature gets up to 2000 degrees C -air molecules are 1 km apart

exosphere

-upper part of the thermosphere -artificial satellites orbit here

percent of neon, helium, xenon, and co2 in atmosphere

.28%

percent of argon in atmosphere

.83%

What is the specific heat of water

1 cal/g/C

percent of oxygen in atmosphere

21%

normal lapse rate

3.5 f lower for every 1000 feet you go

percent of nitrogen in atmosphere

78%

Extreme temperatures usually occur

Away from a large body of water

Land vs. Water

Earth surfaces absorb different amounts of energy

what layer do meteors burn up

Mesosphere

Ocean currents and wind direction

Ocean currents are guided by prevailing wind direction

What variables determine the climate of an area

Temperature and precipitation

altitude

Temperature decrease or increase with increasing elevation

water acts as

Temperature modifier

what is specific heat

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius.

Due to tilt

Total length of daylight changes

Time of day

Warmest 2-5 in afternoon because it takes time for surface to get up Coolest just before dawn bc surface has cooled off

greenhouse effect

a collection of greenhouse gasses found in the atmosphere that keep the earth at a comfortable temperature

tropical

all warm temperatures

why doesn't water heat up faster

because it is clear so it doesn't attract light

what is delta t

change in temperature

weather

day to day changes in the atmosphere

what happens to the temperature in the troposphere

decreases w increasing altitude

what happens to the temperature in the mesosphere

decreases with increasing altitude

Latitude

degrees north or south of the equator Places near equator get most intense sun rays and absorb the most heat

important formula

delta T/3.5=delta E/ 1000

what is delta e

elevation

where do vertical rays fall on the first day of fall

equator

where do vertical rays fall on the first day of spring

equator

what is the ozone

gas that protects the earth from the suns uv rays and radiation

which ozone is bad

ground level ozone

middle latitude

has fluctuating temperatures

what happens to the temperature in the stratosphere

increases with increasing altitude

what happens to the temperature in the thermosphere

increases with increasing altitude

Does land or water heat up faster?

land -it is dark so it attracts more heat

describe the factors that control weather

latitude seasons altitude land v water time of day ocean currents and wind direction

what climate are we in

middle latitude

where is the precipitation in a climograph and what kind of graph is it

numbers on the right and bar graph

where is the temperature in a climograph and what kind of graph is it

on the left and line graph

northern hemisphere temperatures

semicircle facing down

southern hemisphere temperatures

semicircle facing up

climate

the average temperature and precipitation over a long period of time in a large area

where do vertical rays fall on the first day of summer

tropic of cancer

order of latitude line

tropic of cancer equator tropic of capricorn

where do vertical rays fall on the first day of winter

tropic of capricorn

order of the layers of the atmosphere

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere

list various greenhouse gasses

water vapor methane ozone nitrous oxide carbon dioxide

are humans contributing to climate change

yes factories and cars are producing excess co2 emissions more human made co2 is in the atmosphere meaning more heat is getting stored in the atmosphere from the co2