Textbook of Basic Nursing 10th ed. - Chapter 83: Cancer
The nurse is instructing clients receiving chemotherapy how to prevent secondary infections. Which of the following is a recommended guideline? A) Use a razor blade to shave instead of an electric razor. B) When taking temperature, use a rectal thermometer. C) If laxatives are needed, administer via a suppository. D) Avoid outpatient treatment centers.
D
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with cancer regarding how to maintain adequate nutrition. Which of the following would the nurse include as a teaching point? A) Encourage foods high in fat. B) Limit fluids to two glasses per day. C) Encourage rest periods after meals. D) Recommend fluids after meals.
D
A 34-year-old client has had three normal Pap test results in a row. The client wants to know if she needs to undergo Pap tests every year. How often should the nurse recommend that this client undergo cervical cancer screening? A) Twice yearly B) Annually C) Every 3 years D) Every 4 years
C
A 56-year-old female client is diagnosed with aplastic anemia. The nurse is preparing to administer a biological response modifier (BRM) to enhance her immune system. Which type of BRM is typically used for this condition? A) Monoclonal antibodies (MOAB, MoAb) B) Interferons (IFN) C) Hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) D) Interleukins (IL)
C
A client is undergoing surgery for an en bloc resection to remove a tumor of the neck. Which of the following describes this type of surgery? A) Removal of the tumor, the organ involved, and surrounding tissues B) Removal of the tumor as well as some of the margin of the tumor C) Removal of the tumor and surrounding tissues and lymph nodes D) Destroying the tissue by high-frequency current
C
A client's laboratory results indicate an increase in the tumor marker serum ferritin. What condition would the nurse suspect? A) Multiple myeloma B) Lymphoma C) Hepatoma D) Thyroid cancer
C
A nurse is assisting in screening clients at a colorectal cancer screening program. In which of the following situations should the client be told to undergo screening more often? A) A personal history of diverticulosis B) A personal history of Crohn's disease C) A family history of hemorrhoids D) Polyps in a third-degree relative
B
A 35-year-old female client is diagnosed with a benign breast tumor. Which of the following is a characteristic of benign tumors that differentiates them from malignant tumors? A) Rapid growth B) Encapsulated C) Composed of anaplastic cells D) Commonly metastasized
B
A client with metastatic breast cancer is put on monoclonal antibody therapy. Which of the following side effects should the nurse carefully monitor when caring for this client? A) Constipation B) Anaphylaxis C) Hyperphagia D) Hypertension
B
A 60-year-old male client is diagnosed with stage II prostate cancer. Which of the following describes this stage of cancer? A) The tumors have intermediate phases of differentiation. B) The tumors are very anaplastic. C) The tumors are poorly differentiated. D) The tumors are in situ.
A
A client is prescribed rituximab [Rituxan] to enhance substances within the immune system to kill cancer cells. What category of biological response modifiers (BRMs) is the client taking? A) Monoclonal antibodies B) Interferons C) Colony-stimulating factors D) Interleukins
A
A client who is receiving chemotherapy for metastatic renal carcinoma has a decreased appetite. The nurse knows that which of the following diets is most likely to meet the nutritional needs of this client? A) Meat, milk, and chopped parsley B) Lettuce, cereal, and orange juice C) Brussels sprouts, bread, and pasta D) Chopped celery, rice, and apple
A
A nurse is caring for a 62-year-old female client with metastatic endometrial carcinoma receiving radiation therapy. What is a nursing consideration to be employed when caring for the skin of a client receiving radiation therapy? A) Use only plain, tepid water on the irradiated skin. B) Wear no clothing next to the irradiated skin. C) Apply at least an SPF 8 sunscreen on the skin. D) Use a cooling device on the treatment area.
A
A 46-year-old female client is receiving tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer. Which of the following side effects should the nurse monitor for in this client? A) Menorrhagia B) Manic episodes C) Somnolence D) Hot flashes
D
A client with acute lymphocytic leukemia who is on chemotherapy has developed stomatitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to this client? A) Use alcohol-containing commercial mouthwashes. B) Floss the teeth after meals on a regular basis. C) Clean the teeth using a brush with hard bristles. D) Rinse the mouth thoroughly after meals and at bedtime.
D
A nurse is emphasizing the importance of early detection of breast carcinoma to a female client who has come for her first screening for breast cancer. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to this client? A) Women at increased risk should have breast ultrasonography performed. B) Yearly mammograms are recommended starting at age 20. C) Clinical breast examination (CBE) is recommended every year for women aged 20-30. D) Breast self-examination (BSE) is recommended for women starting at age 40.
A
The nurse is administering a swish-and-swallow solution to a client who has stomatitis related to chemotherapy. Which of the following is a nursing consideration for this treatment? A) Swallow only very small amounts of the solution. B) Brush the teeth vigorously after using the solution. C) Use a commercial mouthwash following administration. D) Floss the teeth after using the solution.
A
The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with prostate cancer. What type of tumor marker indicates this malignancy? A) Enzymes B) Cancer antigens C) Hormones D) Genes
A
A client with symptoms of a malignant disease in the central nervous system is undergoing tests to confirm a diagnosis. Which of the following tests would be the best choice to confirm disease in this body system? A) Ultrasonography B) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) C) Sigmoidoscope D) Computed tomography
B
A nurse is documenting the laboratory reports and blood studies of a client with a diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia. Which of the following tumor markers would be increased in this client? A) Neuron-specific enolase B) Beta 2 -microglobulin C) Philadelphia chromosome D) Carcinoembryonic antigen
C
A sexually active 38-year-old female client is diagnosed with cervical cancer. Which of the following carcinogen may cause this type of cancer? A) Retrovirus of HIV B) Human T-cell leukemia C) Human papillomavirus D) Epstein-Barr virus
C
The nurse caring for clients receiving chemotherapy knows that loss of hair is a common side effect of this treatment. Which of the following is the correct term for this condition? A) Xerostomia B) Dysphagia C) Alopecia D) Dyspnea
C
A client with pancreatic carcinoma experiencing intense abdominal pain is put on pain-relieving medications as per physician's orders. Which is the most appropriate timing for the nurse to administer medications in this client? A) Before client goes to sleep B) When pain is unbearable C) When requested D) Around the clock
D
The nurse caring for clients with cancer knows that nearly 90% of all cancers are carcinomas. From which of the following types of tissue do carcinomas develop? A) Hematopoietic tissue B) Connective tissue C) Embryonic tissue D) Epithelial tissue
D
The nurse caring for clients with various cancers knows that which of the following is the most distressing symptom reported by clients, second only to pain? A) Nausea B) Skin irritation C) Alopecia D) Fatigue
D
The nurse is caring for a client undergoing chemotherapy. Which of the following is typically affected in clients receiving radiation or chemotherapy and places them at increased risk of anemia, bleeding, and infection? A) Mucous membranes B) Skin integrity C) Lung function D) Bone marrow
D
The nurse is presenting a lecture during a community health fair regarding the incidence and prevention of cancer. Which of the following cancers would the nurse list as the leading cause of death in men and women? A) Colorectal cancer B) Leukemia C) Liver cancer D) Lung cancer
D
The nurse is providing care for a client undergoing chemotherapy for throat cancer. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing consideration for this client? A) Encourage the client to drink at least 4 glasses of liquids per day. B) Instruct the client in the implications of high blood counts. C) Disregard a client who states that he wishes to discontinue treatment. D) Help the client to plan a high-calorie, high-protein diet.
D
The nurse teaches clients about the signs and symptoms of cancer. Which of the following is a symptom of cancer? A) Weight loss B) Cough C) Jaundice D) Fatigue
D