The Declaration of Independence and the "Crisis": English 3 Notes and Vocab.

Literacy Analysis: Persuasion

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Reading Strategy: Recognizing Charged Words

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Vocabulary

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Reading Strategy

Analyze word/choice/ writers may use words with connotations or associations to produce an intense emotional response. The connotation of "evils" is stronger, making it a charged or loaded word.

2) I turn with the warm adore of a friend to those who have nobly stood, and are yet determined to stand the matter out: I call not upon a few, but upon all; not on This state or That state, but on Every state.

Emotional Appeal- Paine places himself on an intimate level with his audience and compliments them as he calls them to action.

3) Not all the treasurers of the world, so far as I believe, could have induced me to support an offensive war, for I think it murder; But if a thief breaks into my house, burns and destroys my property, and kills or threatens to kill me, or those that are in it, and to "bind me in all cases whatsoever", to his absolute will, am I to suffer it?.... If we reason to the root of things we shall find no difference; neither can any just cause be assigned why we should punish in the one case and pardon in the other .

Emotional and Logical Appeal- Paine stresses the justness of the colonial civil war. and uses the negative charged words above. And in the personal analogy which most of his audience can identify.

1) Tyranny, like Hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph. What we obtain too cheap, we esteem too lightly; 'tis dearness only that gives everything its value.

Emotional and logical Appeals, Paine uses the emotionally charged words words Tyranny and Hell, Glorious. And he places himself on an equal basis with this audience by using the pronoun us and we and a lot of emotional appeal.

rectitude

If a person acts with rectitude, does he or she act with honor or dishonor?

prudent

If a person who is prudent someone who takes risks or someone who is cautious?

acquiesce

If you are acquiesce to someone's request yes or no?

Candid

If you are candid with someone, are you honest or dishonest?

Harass

If you harass people, do you welcome them or bother them?

Assent

If you move your head to assent to a question, do you nod or shake your head?

Redress

Is a person seeking redress looking for new clothing or looking for justice?

Tyranny

Is a tyranny a form of government run by parliament or absolute ruler? .

Comparing Literacy Works

Jefferson and Paine wrote from different Audiences. Some of their readers were friendly and agreed with their ideas, while others were hostile and did not. Attempt to address both types of audience.

Literacy Analysis

Persuasion- is writing that presents an argument, or message meant to get readers to think or act in an certain way.

2) " He has refused his assent to laws the most Wholesome and Necessary for the Public Good."

The positive words stress the idea that the colonial position is perfectly justified and nobly motivated.

3) " In every stage of these Oppressions we have petitioned for redress in the most Humble terms."

The words the, one negative and one positive, stress the contrast between Britain's insensitivity and the colonies laudable behavior .

1) " But when a long train of Abuses and Usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism....."

These negative words emphasize the negative behavior of The British Monarchy and help arouse colonial indignation at his mistreatment.

4) "Tyranny, like Hell, is not easily conquered."

These negative words emphasize the negative behavior of the British Monarch and help arouse colonial Indignation at his mistreat.

5) " I turn with the Warm Adore of a Friend those who had nobly stood, and are yet determined to stand the matter out"

These positive words stress the nobility of the colonial cause and appeal to colonial loyalties.

Appeals to Emotion

to influence reader's feelings.

Appeals to Authority

to show that a high power supports the idea.

Appeals to Logic

to show that an argument is correct.

Appeals to Ethic

to show that argument is just as fair.