world geo unit 4 study guide

Wet or dry acid pollution that falls to the ground is called A.acid runoff. B.acid pollution. C.acid deposition. D.acid sedimentation.

acid deposition

Scandinavian scientists in the 1950s learned that damage to some of Northern Europe's lakes and streams was being caused by A.oil spills. B.invasive species. C.acid rain. D.water stratification.

acid rain

A key factor that can cause deforestation in Southern Europe's human modified areas is A.acid rain. B.fire. C.coastal flooding. D.excessive snowfall.

fire

A foreign worker living and working temporarily in another country is a A.guest worker. B.resident alien. C.citizen. D.migrant worker.

guest worker

Northern Europe's climate is changing more rapidly than in many other parts of the world due to its A.cooler temperatures. B.changing migration patterns. C.traditional farming practices. D.high latitudes.

high latitudes

Fragmentation of the landscape puts wildlife at risk of becoming A.fragmented. B.isolated. C.polluted. D.overhunted.

isolated

Which of the following is the primary way acid pollution gets into lakes and rivers? A.It is moved by glaciers. B.It comes from agricultural runoff. C.It is carried by meltwater. D.It falls as rain.

it is carried by meltwater

The Northern European Plain is important to human activities in Eastern Europe for all of the following reasons except its A.large fluctuation in temperatures. B.abundant livestock. C.rich farmland. D.navigable rivers.

large fluctuation in temperatures

Northern Europe's climate patterns are influenced by proximity to large bodies of water, as well as mountain barriers, wind patterns, and A.latitude. B.vegetation. C.migration. D.soil quality.

latitude

Which of the following provides a large percentage of GDP in Northwestern European countries? A.mining B.service industries C.agriculture D.manufacturing

service industries

Industries such as banking, retail and wholesale sales, and health care are examples of Southern Europe's growing A.manufacturing sectors. B.educational sectors. C.agrarian-based sectors. D. service sectors

service sectors

Which of the following climate factors affect vegetation in the northern Adriatic region of Eastern Europe? A.cold and dry continental air B.rainy winters and dry, sunny summers C.short, mild winters and year-round rain D.cold winters and hot, dry summers

short, mild winters and year-round rain

Which of the following is NOT an example of Northern European countries' tax-funded public welfare programs? A.socialized health care B.education for elementary through college students C.strict immigration policies D.retirement income for senior citizens

strict immigration policies

Humans impact on the water systems have caused a rise in what throughout the Mediterranean Sea? A.deforestation B.pollution hot spots C.forest fires D.soil erosion

pollution hot spots

The Mediterranean Action Plan caused governments to enact legislation to try to regulate the effects of industrialization and A.population growth. B.overfishing. C.ecotourism. D.increased agriculture.

population growth

What is the main force behind internal migration in Northwestern Europe? A.low birth rates B.comprehensive health care C.poverty in rural areas D.higher life expectancies

poverty in rural areas

Europe is dealing with the consequences of deforestation in Southern Europe by working with groups to A.protect impacted biomes. B.impose fines on tourists. C.replenish fish stocks. D.promote industrialization.

protect impacted biomes

Which of the following is NOT an element of the Nordic model? A.fiscal expansion B.reduced immigration C.labor force participation D.gender equality

reduced immigration

In the twenty-first century, migration from Finland has slowed mainly due to A.relaxed immigration policies and improved economic conditions. B.increased pollution and high crime in other countries. C.improved conditions for the elderly population. D.lack of urban housing in other countries.

relaxed immigration policies and improved economic conditions.

Finland and Sweden get hydroelectric power from A.steep-sided glacial valleys filled with seawater. B.rivers formed by meltwater from glaciers. C.converted heat energy from within Earth. D.tectonic activity, such as earthquakes.

rivers formed by meltwater from glaciers.

A strong wind that sends gusts of bitterly cold air into southern France is called A.a foehn. B.a mistral. C.a polder. D.a dike.

A mistral

Which of the following best describes how human activities have affected rivers in Northwestern Europe? A.Dumping of waste has caused localized pollution in some areas. B.Greenhouse gas emissions have polluted the air in the river ecosystems. C.Habitat loss has reduced the biodiversity in the rivers. D.Heavy use of fertilizers and industrial discharge have polluted the rivers.

Heavy use of fertilizers and industrial discharge have polluted the rivers.

Which of the following describes some of the landforms in Northern Europe? A.The Scandinavian Peninsula is mostly covered by plains and lowlands. B.Iceland and the Jutland Peninsula are mostly mountainous with very few waterways. C.Norway and northern Sweden are mountainous, Finland is mostly flat, and all are dotted with many lakes. D.Glaciers cover more than 50 percent of the Scandinavian and Jutland peninsulas.

Norway and northern Sweden are mountainous, Finland is mostly flat, and all are dotted with many lakes.

The lands the Netherlands have reclaimed from the sea are known as A.locks. B.polders. C.canals. D.dikes.

Polders

Which of the following countries in Northwestern Europe have the fewest natural resources to use for energy? A.England and Ireland B.Austria and Ireland C.the Netherlands and Switzerland D.France and Germany

France and Germany

The Northwestern European Plain is used mainly for A.recreation. B.transportation. C.industry. D.agriculture.

Agriculture

Where are the Central Uplands located? A.in an arc that runs from southern France to Austria B.between the Alps and the Northern European Plain C.northwest of the European mainland D.to the west of the Balkan Peninsula

Between the Alps and the Northern European Plain

The second-longest river in Europe is the A.Vistula. B.Danube. C.Oder. D.Maritsa.

Danube

Mountains that span the countries of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Albania, and Montenegro are known as the A.Swiss Alps. B.Carpathian Mountains. C.Dinaric Alps. D.Balkan Peninsula.

Dinaric Alps

What was a negative consequence of industrial capitalism? A.Factory workers were treated poorly. B.Owners were making small profits. C.The Industrial Revolution started. D.Natural resources became sparse.

Factory workers were treated poorly

Which of the following is a main cause of avalanches? A.loess B.polders C.foehns D.mistrals

Foehns

Water sources in the Alps are often used for A.generating hydroelectric power. B.irrigating farmland. C.providing drinking water to populations in the Northern European Plain. D.to regulate the level of the North Sea.

Generating hydroelectric power

Which of the following is an example of harnessing tectonic activity? A.Denmark provides power to its citizens by using wind energy. B.Norway uses power from imported bauxite to produce aluminum. C.Finland's peat deposits are dug up, chopped, dried, and burned. D.Geothermal energy provides heat for the city of Reykjav�k.

Geothermal energy provides heat for the city of Reykjav�k.

Which Southern European country has the least developed economy? A.Portugal B.Greece C.Italy D.Spain

Greece

The change in manufacturing from using human labor to using machines occurred during the A.Social Revolution. B.Technological Revolution. C.Agricultural Revolution. D.Industrial Revolution.

Industrial Revolution

Which describes the importance of the Main-Danube Canal? A.It allows for transport of goods in both directions. B.It serves as a border between Poland and Germany. C.It links areas of the south with Baltic Sea ports. D.It is crucial to the Polish economy.

It allows for transport of goods in both directions.

How does the North Atlantic Current affect the climate of Northwestern Europe? A.It brings cool air from the North Atlantic resulting in cooler summers and less rainfall. B.It brings warm, dry air from the Caribbean to Northwestern Europe. C.It brings warm air and moisture from the Gulf Stream, which keeps the climate mild. D.It brings cool, wet air from the Caribbean resulting in heavy rainfall and snow.

It brings warm air and moisture from the Gulf Stream, which keeps the climate mild.

Which of the following describes the movement of people during the Industrial Revolution? A.People moved from urban areas to rural areas. B.People moved from cities to farms. C.People moved within cities. D.People moved from farms to cities.

People moved from farms to cities

The Main-Danube Canal connects the A.Baltic Sea with the Gulf of Riga. B.North Sea with the Black Sea. C.Black Sea with the Aegean Sea. D.North Sea with the Baltic Sea.

North Sea with the Black Sea

As a result of Viking invasions, A.Old Norse evolved as the present-day Nordic language. B.Finland became integrated with Sweden. C.Nordic countries rapidly converted to Christianity. D.The Kalmar Union was formed.

Old Norse evolved as the present-day Nordic language.

Descendants of nomadic peoples who lived in northern Scandinavia for thousands of years are known as the A.Danish. B.Swedish. C.Sami. D.Nordic.

Sami

Dams and resulting reservoirs along the Ebro River help support the agriculture of which country? A.Greece B.Spain C.Italy D.Portugal

Spain

Which of the following best describes the Alps? A.low hills and rolling plains B.high plateaus and scattered forests C.tall mountains D.rocky cliffs

Tall mountains

Why does Southern Europe have less rainfall than other regions? A.The Pyrenees block most Pacific winds from the east, causing less rain to fall. B.The warm waters of the Mediterranean Sea create an La Ni�a-like effect. C.The Alps block most Atlantic winds from the north, causing less rain to fall. D.The region's cool winters and humid summers keep precipitation low.

The Alps block most Atlantic winds from the north, causing less rain to fall.

Which of the following explains the impact of latitude on Northern Europe's vegetation patterns? A.The region has a mild climate and vast forests because it is in a "hot spot." B.The Gulf Stream allows for lush plant life to grow in the region. C.The region's cold temperatures and frozen ground limit plant growth. D.Plants and trees with deep roots thrive due to lower elevations.

The region's cold temperatures and frozen ground limit plant growth.

Which of the following is the main reason the oceans are economically important to Northwestern Europe? A.The Netherlands has reclaimed land from the ocean. B.There are many ports to access ocean transportation. C.It is important for recreation and tourism. D.Ocean waves provide an energy source.

There are many ports to access ocean transportation

How do foreign species affect native populations? A.They cause pollution. B.They increase overfishing. C.They compete for resources. D.They are preferred by the fishing industry.

They compete for resources

Which of the following describes how air pollution impacts northern regions of Europe? A.Chemical runoff and industrial waste seep into coastal areas. B.Winds carry pollution from the United Kingdom and other industrialized parts of Europe. C.Occasional oil spills from ships harm marine life and other vegetation. D.Industrial drainage for peat production and human encroachment cause harm to wetlands.

Winds carry pollution from the United Kingdom and other industrialized parts of Europe.

What is an agribusiness? A.an industry that makes transportation systems B.a family run farm C.a business involved in large farming operations D.a company that produces renewable energy sources

a business involved in large farming operations

Southern Europe has fewer natural lakes and reservoirs than the rest of Europe due to a lack of glacial movement during the last ice age and A.heavy rains. B.strong winds. C.more snowfall. D.a drier climate.

a drier climate

Spain's economy has grown since the 1990s due to lower costs of operating factories and A.increased public spending. B.a large supply of workers. C.generous social programs. D.ambitious emissions regulations.

a large supply of workers

Which of the following describes the potential impact of Southern Europe's aging population? A.overcrowding in schools and cities B.growing diversity of cultures C.an unskilled labor force D.a strain on social welfare systems

a strain on social welfare systems

Which of the following does NOT describe elements of Karst terrain? A.absence of limestone bedrock B.rocky ground, caves, and sinkholes C.underground rivers D.absence of surface streams and lakes

absence of limestone bedrock

Which of the following describes how climate change impacts Northern Europe's ecosystems? A.Birds migrate earlier or not at all. B.Invasive species travel on ships' hulls. C.Stored organic matter decomposes more rapidly. D.Hydroelectric developments change river flows.

birds migrate earlier or not at all

Much of Eastern Europe is characterized by A.a humid subtropical climate. B.dry winters and warm, wet summers. C.moderate average temperatures. D.cold, snowy winters and hot summers.

cold, snowy winters and hot summers.

Limiting the amount of timber that can be harvested is an example of A.deforestation. B.ecotourism. C.conservation. D.recycling.

conservation

The landforms of Svalbard were created through repeated ice ages and the folding and faulting due to A.continental drift and plate tectonics. B.the formation of lakes and rivers. C.energy from hot springs and geysers. D.glaciers that formed fjords and valleys.

continental drift and plate tectonics

The release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere can be caused by A.deforestation of the boreal forest. B.oils spills on the Baltic Sea. C.chemical runoff on wetlands. D.dam construction on rivers.

deforestation of the boreal forest

The political culture in Northern Europe changed in the nineteenth century as new classes of people brought new ideas, ultimately leading to A.conflict and war. B.democracy and independence. C.separate kingdoms. D.the Kalmar Union.

democracy and independence

Which of the following is a consequence of soil erosion and the loss of topsoil? A.chemical fertilizer runoff B.desertification C.stratification D.waste management issues

desertification

As a result of gorges that channel water away from the land, the ecosystems in the Mediterranean are A.prone to flooding due to above average rainfall. B.similar to the marine west coast climate to the north. C.cool, wet, and covered in chaparral or shrubs. D. dry and covered in scrub plants.

dry and covered in scrub plants

Which of the following are main characteristics of communism? A.a focus on agriculture and mining B.economic equality and ownership of production by the state C.using profits to expand industry D.widespread industrial and social change

economic equality and ownership of production by the state

The promotion of recreational travel based on concern for the environment is known as A.biodiversity. B.ecotourism. C.environmentalism. D.conservation.

ecotourism

Denmark is number one in the world for A.commercial farming in greenhouses. B.oil exports. C.electricity generated from renewable sources. D.hydropower.

electricity generated from renewable sources.

Northern Europe's population patterns have been influenced by the migration of people primarily seeking to A.learn new languages and experience different cultures. B.join a different social class. C.search for family members. D.escape conflict in their home countries or find work.

escape conflict in their home countries or find work

Water stratification in the Baltic Sea contributes to A.overfishing. B.eutrophication. C.pollution. D.freshwater tidal marshes.

eutrophication

An example of how Europe is dealing with environmental issues is the European Environmental Agency, which was created to help A.recruit demonstrators. B.organize protests. C.evaluate threats to the ecosystem. D.promote tourism.

evaluate threats to the ecosystem

Global climate changes can cause the Mediterranean region to experience both droughts and too much rain which can lead to A.large algae blooms. B.glaciation. C.excessive soil erosion. D.pollution hot spots.

excessive soil erosion

Northern European countries all have small, open economies with an emphasis on A.European Union membership. B.fossil-fuel reserves. C.agrarian-based revenue.

foreign trade

The Forest Stewardship Council is working to reduce soil erosion and the risk of A.increased protests. B.forest fires. C.harmful algae blooms. D.overpopulation.

forest fires

Landforms in Northern Europe were formed by a process known as A.fjords. B.glaciation. C.geothermal energy. D.migration.

glaciation

Strong government support of education in Southern Europe is reflected in the A.high college costs. B.low unemployment rate. C.high literacy rate. D.unskilled, but educated, workforce.

high literacy rate

In cap-and-trade system, countries can buy and sell A.vehicles. B.pollution credits. C.businesses. D.fertilizer.

pollution credits

What caused Nordic countries to become more continental in the 1300s? A.the development of democracies B.industrialization C.new social classes D.increased trade

increased trade

Which of the following contributes the most to air pollution in Northwestern Europe? A.industrial fumes B.mining waste C.unsustainable fishing D.lumber harvesting

industrial fumes

Two growing sectors of Southern Europe's economy that have had a negative impact on the Mediterranean Sea are tourism and A.shrinking algae blooms. B.decreased human settlement. C.increased agriculture. D.industrial manufacturing.

industrial manufacturing

An increase in ship traffic on the Baltic Sea has introduced A.eutrophication. B.water stratification. C.invasive species. D.coastal runoff.

invasive species

Which of the following would lead to the greatest reduction in air pollution? A.less vehicle traffic B.smaller ships C.larger factories D.fewer foreign species

less vehicle traffic

The deforestation of much of Europe's original forests has been caused by A.acid rain. B.chemical runoff. C.stratification and eutrophication. D.logging and agriculture.

logging and agriculture

The road to political stability was difficult for the countries of Southern Europe due to a A.series of failed governments. B.lack of a cultural identity. C.long history of invasions. D.lack of key trade routes.

long history of invasions

Which of the following BEST describes the Hungarian Plain? A.covered with caves, sinkholes, and underground rivers B.dominated by the Vistula river and its estuaries C.marked by lowlands with farms and livestock D.divided by the Elbe and Oder rivers

marked by lowlands with farms and livestock

Which of the following describes the physical geography of Eastern Europe's southern region? A.relatively flat; borders the Baltic Sea B.mountainous; part of Europe's Alpine system C.extensive plains; includes lowland areas D.mountainous; borders the Scandinavian Shield

mountainous; part of Europe's Alpine system

In the 1800s and 1900s, small Mediterranean kingdoms and principalities became united under a concept called A.nationalism. B.complementarily. C.city-states. D.the Renaissance.

nationalism

Other European countries rely on Norway for A.Oil and natural gas. B.a number of peat deposits. C.wind energy. D.hydroelectric power.

oil and natural gas

Which of the following is not associated with the development of tourism? A.damage to coastal ecosystems B.loss of natural habitat C.overfishing D.waste management issues

overfishing

Iceland has abundant geothermal energy sources because of the region's A.geysers. B.fjords. C.sand and gravel. D.tectonic activity.

tectonic activity

Which of the following forms a natural barrier between the Italian Peninsula and Northern Europe? A.the Black Sea B.the Alps C.Mount Etna D.the Apennine Mountains

the Alps

Communication and development has been limited for areas near numerous mountains on which of the following landforms? A.the Balkan Peninsula B.the Balearic Islands C.the Aeolian Islands D.the Italian Peninsula

the Balkan Peninsula

Southern Europe's location on which of the following bodies of water make it suited for growing grapes and olives? A.the Baltic Sea B.the Mediterranean Sea C.the Atlantic Ocean D.the Strait of Gibraltar

the Mediterranean Sea

Which of the following landforms separate the northern portion of the Iberian Peninsula from the rest of Europe? A.the Balkan Peninsula B.the Strait of Gibraltar C.the Pyrenees D.the Alps

the Pyrenees

Which of the following rivers serves as the primary water source for the city of Rome? A.the Tiber River B.the Maritsa River C.the Tagus River D.the Po River

the Tiber River

The Roman Republic was established on the rule of law and A.the balance of power. B.the glory of war. C.mythology. D.the concept of "rebirth."

the balance of power

Which of the following occurred at the end of the Cold War? A.urbanization B.the Treaty of Versailles C.the Holocaust D.the collapse of the Soviet Union

the collapse of the Soviet Union

The city-state of Athens was an important part of Greek civilization because it introduced A.the concept of "rebirth." B.the rise of a large empire. C.key trade routes. D.the concept of democracy.

the concept of democracy

Spain, Italy, and Greece are transitioning A.to rule by multiethnic regimes. B.to a service economy. C. to an agrarian society. D.to a time of high birthrates.

to a service economy

What is the purpose of the European Union? A.to end the Cold War B.to prevent devolution C.to promote economic and political unity D.to ease demographic transition

to promote economic and political unity

What is the purpose of the Kyoto Protocol? A.to curb water pollution B.to eliminate overfishing C.to punish polluters D.to reduce greenhouse gases

to reduce greenhouse gases

Rivers on the Iberian Peninsula play a limited role in the region's trade and transportation because they are A.too cold, causing ice to form. B.impassable due to debris. C.too shallow for large ships. D.blocked by dams and reservoirs.

too shallow for large ships

Which of the following is the most direct cause of water pollution in Northwestern Europe? A.not enough bacteria to break down waste B.overfishing of native species C.increasing numbers of foreign species D.using the sea for waste disposal

using the sea for waste disposal

Because the governments of Northern European countries fund programs that benefit all residents, they are known as A.entrep�ts. B.welfare states. C.integrated. D.continental.

welfare states