Abnormal Psych Chapter 6

According to recent research, the percentage of people age 18 to 23 who have already experienced major depression is _____%.

25

Clinical studies have shown that the favorable response rate for patients taking antidepressant medications is ______%.

50

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the relationship between anxiety and depression?

A large percentage of depressed patients are anxious, but not all anxious patient is depressed.

Suheil comes into your clinical psychology practice reporting that he's been feeling so down that he's had suicide on his mind. To determine his level of risk for suicide, you should make sure to assess Suheil's

All of these are correct

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding mood disorders?

An individual experiencing manic symptoms can also be depressed or anxious.

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the treatment of mood disorders?

Delaying or preventing future episodes of major depression is often an important treatment goal, instead of merely recovering from current depression.

Which of the following is NOT usually a component of a major depressive episode?

Flight of ideas

Which of the following is NOT true about a hypomanic manic episode?

It causes marked impairment in social or occupational functioning.

Which of the following is a risk associated with misdiagnosing children with bipolar disorder, when in fact they have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Medications for bipolar disorder are very potent and have serious side effects.

Although grieving is considered a normal process, it does sometimes become a psychological disorder. Which of the following cases would NOT be diagnosed as complicated grief?

Mrs. C's dog recently died. Three weeks later, her friends suggest that she get another dog "to help her get over the loss." Mrs. C refuses, saying she just isn't ready to get another dog and still has trouble accepting that "Duchess" is gone.

Which of the following factors contribute to the integrative theory of depression?

Stressful life events Stress hormones Neurotransmitters

Which of the following statements reflects the current thinking on the issue of the relationship between mood disorders and suicide?

Suicide is often associated with psychological disorders, especially depression.

Symptoms of severe depression are generally NOT considered a psychological disorder when they are associated with

a grief reaction.

Possible reasons for the higher rates of depression found in women include all of the following EXCEPT

a low value placed on intimate relationships.

In 1989, Abramson and his colleagues revised Seligman's theory of learned helplessness, changing the focus from specific attributions to ________ as the crucial factor in depression.

a sense of hopelessness

"Mixed features" refers to a type of mania in which a manic episode is

accompanied by depression or anxiety.

Statistics on suicide indicate that approximately one-quarter to one-half of all suicides are associated with

alcohol use.

Recent research suggests that

all of these are correct

One symptom of a mood disorder is anhedonia, which means

an inability to experience pleasure.

The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging reported that symptoms of depression followed a(an)

an upward sloping pattern across the life span.

Since traditional antidepressant medication such as tricyclics may actually provoke rapid cycling in patients with bipolar disorder, mood stabilizers and ________ are often prescribed instead.

anticonvulsants

Manic episodes alternate with depressive episodes in the disorder called

bipolar I disorder.

The physical or somatic symptoms of a major depressive disorder include

changes in appetite or weight.

A depressed young woman enters a psychologist's office for her first appointment. The therapist tells her that they will work together to recognize and correct her "negative thinking errors." The type of therapy that will be used here is called

cognitive therapy.

In comparing ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) to antidepressant medication, all of the following statements are accurate EXCEPT that

continued treatment with medication or psychotherapy is not needed after ECT.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is best categorized as a(an)

disorder of mood

Jack has experienced recurrent episodes of major depressive episodes. In the intervals between the episodes, he does not seem to return to "normal." In fact, during those periods, he has been diagnosed as having low-grade depression. Jack's condition is referred to as

double depression.

Being depressed ________ the risk of death in elderly patients who have had a stroke or heart attack.

doubles

"Mood disorders" refer to a group of disorders involving severe disturbances ranging from __________ to ____________.

elation; depression

Interpersonal psychotherapy deals with all of the following interpersonal problems EXCEPT

environmental interactions.

According to recent research, the median duration of recurrent (subsequent to the first episode) major depressive episodes is

four to five months.

The antidepressant medication lithium is also referred to as a mood stabilizer because it

helps to prevent manic episodes.

Research has found that low serotonin levels may be implicated in suicidal behavior because they affect all of the following EXCEPT

inertia.

Some psychologists were reluctant to make premenstrual dysphoric disorder a formal diagnosis because

it has the potential to be stigmatizing for women.

The acute grief most of us would feel eventually evolves into what is called

latent grief.

Persistent depressive disorder (PPD), formerly known as dysthymia, differs from major depressive disorder (MDD) because people diagnosed with PDD have symptoms of depression that are

longer-lasting

Not only is there a high prevalence of persistent depressive disorder in children, but it has also been found that three-fourths of these children will eventually be diagnosed with

major depressive disorder.

Although the mood-stabilizing drug lithium is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder, patient compliance has been a problem. Patients often stop taking their lithium, even though it is effective in stabilizing their moods, because they

miss the euphoric feelings that mania produces.

All of the following statements about lithium therapy are true EXCEPT

once a person is symptom-free for six months, he or she may stop taking lithium.

In about _____________ of patients, cyclothymic mood swings develop into full-blown bipolar disorder.

one-third

In recent years, a trend of ______________ children with bipolar disorder has become problematic.

overdiagnosing

A student who has been doing very well in her psychology class receives a minor critical comment on an essay that she wrote as part of an exam. The student thinks, "This is terrible. I'm probably going to fail the course." This type of cognitive error in thinking is called

overgeneralization.

Although ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) has been a controversial issue for decades, it is an effective treatment for depression, especially when

patient response to antidepressant medication is poor.

All of the following are accurate statements about the prevalence of mood disorders in children and adolescents EXCEPT that

rates of attempted suicide decrease during adolescence.

The idea that individuals who are biologically vulnerable to depression place themselves in high-risk, stressful environments reflects the

reciprocal gene-environment model.

An important difference between "major depressive disorder, recurrent" and "major depressive disorder, single episode" is that

recurrent type is more common.

According to your textbook, the apparent primary function of _____________________ is to regulate our emotional reactions.

serotonin

Side effects of tricyclic antidepressants include

sexual dysfunction.

One of the problems encountered by psychiatrists who prescribe medication for patients with bipolar disorder is that patients often

stop taking the medication in order to bring on a manic state.

The presence of medical illnesses or symptoms of dementia can make the diagnosis of depression difficult in

the elderly.

Regarding severe cases of major depressive disorder, those in which the depressive episode has lasted five years or more, all of the following statements are accurate EXCEPT

the next episode is likely to be manic, rather than depressive.

Prevention of mood disorders in children and adolescents include

universal programs. selected interventions. indicated interventions.

Although the glorification and romanticizing of suicide in the media contributes to the incidence of copycats, it is more likely that the person copying the suicide is

vulnerable due to an existing psychological disorder.

Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the "permissive" hypothesis, which means that

when serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities.

Milton has been mildly depressed for many years. Just recently, however, his depression deepened, and he was severely depressed for about three months. His deep depression then lifted and he was once again mildly depressed. Milton

will likely be associated with more severe psychopathology and a problematic future course.

When referring to the mood disorders called cyclothymia and persistent depressive disorder, it would be accurate to say that an individual with cyclothymia probably

would be considered "moody."