Anti-Diabetics

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and is starting repaglinide. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the administration of this medication. - "I'll take this medication after I eat" - *"I'll take this medicine 30 minutes before I eat."* - "I'll take this med just before I go to bed" - "I'll this med as soon as I wake up in the morning"

*"I'll take this medicine 30 minutes before I eat."*

A patient taking glipizide (Glucotrol) asks the nurse , "How does my insulin pill work, anyway?" Which information will the nurse provide to the patient regarding the mechanism of action of glipizide? *"It increases insulin production"* "It helps the body use insulin" It decreases the amount of glucose made by liver". "It decreases the amount of glucose the body takes from food"

*"It increases insulin production"*

The sliding-scale insulin order reads, "Do bedside glucose testing before meals. For glucose results over 150 mg/dL, give regular insulin, 1 unit for every 20 mg/dL over 150 mg/dL." If the blood glucose level is 238 mg/dL, the patient will receive______________ unit(s) of insulin

*4* units (238-150=88/20=4.4)

The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who will be taking the amylin mimetic drug pramlintide (Symlin). Which condition is a contraindication to the use of this drug? Hypertension Coronary artery disease Hypothyroidism *Gatroparesis*

*Gatroparesis*

When administering insulin, the nurse must keep in mind that which is the most immediate and serious adverse effect of insulin therapy? Hyperglycemia *Hypoglycemia* Bradycardia Orthostatic hypotension

*Hypoglycemia*

A nurse is caring for a client in an outpatient facility who has been taking acarbose for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse plan to monitor? - WBC - Serum potassium - Platelet count - *Liver Function Tests*

*Liver Function Tests*

The major risk factor for the development of type II diabetes is which of the following? Kidney disease Liver disease *Obesity* Hypercholesteremia

*Obesity*

The nurse is discussing storage of insulin vials with the client. Which statement indicates the client understands the teaching concerning the storage of insulin? 1. *"I will keep my unopened vials of insulin in the refrigerator."* 2. "I can keep my insulin in the trunk of my car so I will have it at all times." 3. "It is all right to put my unopened insulin vials in the freezer." 4. "If I prefill my insulin syringes, I must use them within 1 to 2 days."

1. *"I will keep my unopened vials of insulin in the refrigerator."*

The nurse administered 12 units of regular insulin to the patient with type 1 diabetes at 0700. Which meal prevents the client from experiencing hypoglycemia? 1. *Breakfast.* 2. Lunch. 3. Supper. 4. HS snack.

1. *Breakfast.*

The overweight client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes reports to the clinic nurse that he has lost 35 pounds in the past 4 months. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? 1. *Determine if the client has had an increase in hypoglycemic reactions.* 2. Instruct the client to make an appointment with the health-care provider. 3. Ask the client if he has been trying to lose weight or has it happened naturally. 4. Check the client's last weight in the chart with the weight obtained in the clinic.

1. *Determine if the client has had an increase in hypoglycemic reactions.*

The nurse administered 25 units of Humulin N to a client with type 1 diabetes at 1600. Which intervention should the nurse implement? 1. Assess the client for hypoglycemia around 1800. 2. *Ensure the client eats the nighttime (HS) snack.* 3. Check the client's serum blood glucose level. 4. Serve the client the supper tray.

2. *Ensure the client eats the nighttime (HS) snack.*

The female client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes tells the clinic nurse she started taking ginseng to help increase her memory. Which intervention should the clinic nurse implement? 1. Take no action because ginseng does not affect type 2 diabetes. 2. Determine what type of memory deficits the client is experiencing. 3. Explain that herbs are dangerous and she should not be taking them. 4. Determine if the client is currently taking any type of antidiabetic medication.

ANSWER:4. The nurse should determine if the client is taking any medication because many oral hypoglycemics interact with herbs. Ginseng and garlic may increase the hypoglycemic effects of oral hypoglycemics.

The insulin order reads, "Give 10 units of NPH insulin and 5 units of regular insulin, subcut, every morning before breakfast ". Choose the proper syringe for this injection.

B

When will the nurse administer the drug acarbose (Precose)? a. *With the first bite of a meal* b. 15 minutes before a meal c. 30 minutes before a meal d. 1 hour after eating

a. *With the first bite of a meal*

Which patient condition would the nurse identify as being a contraindication for the use of Afrezza? a. Kidney disease b. *Chronic lung disease* c. Chronic liver disease d. Psoriasis

b. *Chronic lung disease*

A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is receiving the combination oral antidiabetic medicationglyburide/metformin (Glucovance). Which data indicates the medication is effective? a. The client's skin turgor is elastic. b. The client's urine ketones are negative. c. *The serum blood glucose level is 118.* d. The client's glucometer level is 170.

c. *The serum blood glucose level is 118.*

Which A1C level represents the desired level for the glycemic goal for patients with diabetes? a. 10 b. 9 c. 8 d. *7*

d. *7*

A dose of long-acting insulin has been ordered for bedtime for a patient with diabetes. The nurse expects to give which type of insulin? a. Regular b. Lispro c. NPH d. *Glargine*

d. *Glargine*