AP BIO FINAL

Epinephrine is a protein hormone found in many animals.—

Epinephrine binds to a cell-surface receptor; the activated receptor stimulates production of the second messenger, cAMP.

In a separate investigation, individual mice from two populations that in nature are geographically isolated from each other are mated in the laboratory. The hybrid offspring were then mated with individuals from either of the original populations. Only the female hybrid offspring were fertile. The experimental results are most consistent with which of the stages that are depicted in the model?

(B) Intermediate stage (Figure 2)

The average brood size per mated individual upon reintroduction of food following 30 days of ARD is closest to which of the following?

50

Which of the following best explains why GFP* might exhibit a bright green fluorescence in alkaline conditions but not in acidic conditions?

Addition of an H* to GFP*-

Some strains of the bacterium Streptococcus pygenes secrete—-

Bacteriophage DNA became integrated in the bacterial chromosome.

Which of the following graphs is the most appropriate representation of the experimental results documented in the table?

Bar .graph

Which of the following statements is best supported by the data? (Right after the last one)

Black bear urine is a significant source of nitrogen in the environment (c)

Based on the model, which of the following describes the most likely mechanism by which CDK5-

CDK5 alters the activity of other proteins—-

Previous experiments indicate that CDK5 is active only when attached to a protein called p35-

Degradation of p35 results in increased synaptic activity

Based on the model, which of the following best explains how regulation of neurotransmitter release might increase the range of responses to a stimulus in the nervous system?

Different neurons in the same neural network-

Based on the model, which of the following best explains why a bright green-

GFP contained

The table shows the changes in allele frequencies of a specific gene in two populations of randomly mating small mammals after 30 years. The populations inhabit adjacent equatorial islands that have similar topography and climate. Which of the following is the most reliable conclusion that can be drawn from analysis of the data above?

Genetic drift has occurred in population 1

Which of the following statements accurately uses the information presented—

Growth factor signaling can trigger—

Based on the model of speciation presented, which of the following describes the most likely consequence to the populations over time?

Hybrid individuals are less likely to pass their genetic information on to subsequent generations

Which of the following questions would be most appropriate to investigate wether the proteolytic enzymes are evolutionarily conserved among species?

If a proteolytic enzyme from one species is incubated with a

A man with high cholesterol levels is about to marry a woman whose total cholesterol levels are also higher than average—

If you both have allele for HC, should an insurance company raise their rates because of the results of the test?

Which of the following modifications to the experimental design will best help reduce the standard errors of the means?

Increasing the sample size of each treatment group

Which of the following best describes the reproductive ability of C. elegans following the ARD induced in the first experiment?

Mating with a well-fed male consistently produced more offspring than did reproduction via self-fertilization.

Based on the universal genetic code, which of the following represents the correct polypeptide—

Mel-Val-Thr-Lys-Phe-Gly-His

Transmitting of an action potential across a synapse invoked the release—

One arrow right, top in down left, down right

In a species of cactus, the number of spines on a plant is genetically determined. The graph above shows frequency distributions for populations of the cactus species growing in the presence or absence of two herbivores: peccaries (a New World pig) and wasp larvae. Which of the following best accounts for the different frequency distributions in the graph?

Peccaries eat cacti with a smaller number of spines, and wasp larvae eat cacti with a greater number of spines

The p53 protein regulates a cellular response to DNA damage. Based on the diagram above, which of the following best describes the role of p53 in the response to DNA damage?

Phosphorylated p53 stimulates transcription of p21, and the resulting p21 protein suppresses cell division until the DNA damage is repaired.

The graph above represents the number of individuals in a population of wolves and in a population of moose—

Speciation occurred when the two populations became reproductively isolated from each other (c)

Which of the following best describes the reason for excluding hybrid males when calculating the allele frequencies of two—-

Sterile individuals make no genetic contribution to the next generation

Using the model of speciation and applying it to a different population-x-

Sterility would appear in females before appearing in males

Which of the following observations best supports the hypotheses that CDK5 negatively—-

Suppression of CDK5-

Based on the experimental results, which of the following is the best evolutionary explanation for the occurrence of ARD in C. elegans?

The ability to enter ARD provides a strong selective advantage because reproduction can occur despite periods of food scarcity.

The data above represent the results of three different crosses-

The allele for blue is an X linked dominant allele because-

Which of the following pieces of additional data would help further investigate the relationship between bears, salmon,—

The experimenters should remove the remains of salmon carcasses (a)

As depicted in the diagram, honeybees communicate the location of flower patches to members of their hives—-

The farther the target flowers from the hive, the longer the waggles phase

In drophosila melangaster the allele-

The genes for body color and wing shape are located close to each other on the same chromosome

If the two finch populations are each in hardy-

The graph where the middle one is higher, and the middle bar has equal grey and black

Which of the following statements is most consistent with the data in the table?

The kidneys of reptiles and birds-

Which of the following conclusions is most consistent with the data shown in figure 2?

The number of days an animal spends in ARD does not significantly affect its time of survival after reintroduction of food.

Which of the following statements best justifies the claim that the conditions in at least one of the experiments could generate—

The sulfur dioxide—

Which of the following most likely describes how the interaction between bears and salmon influences nitrogen dynamics in the environment?

When bears consumes salmon, they leave parts of the carcasses on the ground which decompose, releasing nitrogen into the environment

Which of the following scientific questions is most relevant to the model represented in the figure above?

Which molecular substance is actively transported across the plasma membrane?

The pedigree suggests that the gene is on a nuclear chromosome, and not on mitochondrial DNA, because

maternal mitochondrial mutations are inherited by all of a mother's offspring