AP GOV Test #1

B voting qualifications of the electorate

All of the following issues were decided at the Constitutional Convention EXCEPT A representation in the legislature B voting qualifications of the electorate C method of electing the President D congressional power to override a presidential veto E qualifications for members of the House and Senate

A dissatisfaction over safeguards of individual rights and liberties

All of the following were concerns about the Articles of Confederation that led to the calling of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 EXCEPT A dissatisfaction over safeguards of individual rights and liberties B fear for the stability of the central government C desire to promote trade among the states D the need to give the central government the power to levy taxes E dissatisfaction with the central government's ability to provide for national defense

C increase the economic powers of the central government

As originally ratified, the United States Constitution included provisions designed to A limit the importation of foreign manufactured goods B increase the economic importance of the agrarian sector relative to that of the manufacturing sector C increase the economic powers of the central government D expand the states' powers to regulate their own commerce with foreign countries E guarantee the states a greater role in economic policy-making

Necessary and Proper Clause, Supremacy Clause, Power to tax. small. states.

Brutus I says that the government is uncontrollable because of _________, _________, _______. A republic must be ______ so interests of people can be better understood. ______ are the best way to represent the different groups in US.

James Maddison. Factions. Unavoidable. Large Republic. Pluralism.

Federalist 10 written by _____. Warns against ______ even though they are _______ but can be controlled by a ______ aka ________

James Maddison. Seperation of powers. Legislative branch. Seperate it. The laws that actually matter.

Federalist 51 written by _____. Main idea is _______ into 3 branches. ________ between branches are necessary. So that the _____ isn't too powerful, we have to _______. With different groups making laws, the laws that will make it through are _______

A By creating a large republic, the new constitution made it less likely that a faction could gain enough power to completely dominate.

In The Federalist 10, James Madison argued that the new constitution would help control faction by doing which of the following? A By creating a large republic, the new constitution made it less likely that a faction could gain enough power to completely dominate. B The new constitution had significant limits on the freedom of expression, thereby limiting the ability of factions to organize. C The new constitution gave political parties specific powers in the government which limited their influence. D The use of the electoral college and the indirect election of senators would limit the influence that factions could wield.

B natural but controllable by institutions

In The Federalist No. 10, James Madison argued that factions in a republic are A a more serious threat if the republic is large B natural but controllable by institutions C not likely to occur if people are honest D prevented by majority rule E prevented by free elections

E the fragmentation of political power in a large republic

In The Federalist papers, James Madison argues that political liberty is best protected by A a written constitution B a small republic with a parliamentary system C a small democracy with a unitary government D well-regulated militias controlled by state governments E the fragmentation of political power in a large republic

D are undesirable but inevitable in a free nation

In The Federalist papers, James Madison expressed the view that political factions A should be nurtured by a free nation B should play a minor role in any free nation C are central to the creation of a free nation D are undesirable but inevitable in a free nation E are necessary to control the masses in a free nation

D There was a lack of a national military power to address security concerns.

In the 1780s, proponents of the new Constitution cited Shays' Rebellion as an example in support of which of the following criticisms of the national government under the Articles of Confederation? A The national government did not provide sufficient protection of individual rights. B The lack of a centralized judiciary made enforcement of national laws difficult. C States with larger populations were underrepresented in Congress. D There was a lack of a national military power to address security concerns.

C The federal government can pass laws that allow it to fine or tax individuals directly.

In the passage, Hamilton is concerned that under the Articles of Confederation, the federal government does not have sufficient constitutional powers to gain compliance from state governments. Which of the following is a way that the Constitution allows the federal government to address this problem? A The state governments have reserved powers under the Tenth Amendment. B The federal government is not permitted to coin money. C The federal government can pass laws that allow it to fine or tax individuals directly. D A Bill of Rights was added to the United States Constitution to protect individual civil liberties.

E state sovereignty

The Articles of Confederation implemented the principle of A a strong national government B a unified system of taxes C universal suffrage D an independent judiciary E state sovereignty

D It proposed a Senate with equal representation for each state and a House of Representatives with membership established according to the population of each state.

The Connecticut (Great) Compromise drafted at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 is significant for which of the following reasons? A It established the presidential system and gave the United States Supreme Court power to serve as the ultimate arbiter of constitutional disputes. B It allowed southern states to count each slave as three-fifths of one person for determining representation in the House of Representatives. C It provided equality of representation among the states in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. D It proposed a Senate with equal representation for each state and a House of Representatives with membership established according to the population of each state. E It denied Congress the power to establish tariffs on exported merchandise.

E a bicameral legislature with one house's composition based upon state population and another's on equal state representation

The Connecticut (Great) Compromise provided for A all revenue bills to originate in the Senate B all judicial appointments to be nominated by the president C the elimination of the importation of slaves D an electoral college and rules for the removal of the president E a bicameral legislature with one house's composition based upon state population and another's on equal state representation

A Separation of powers divides responsibilities and authority between branches, which allows each branch to be checked by the other two branches to ensure accountability.

The author explains that the powers given to each branch "sometimes appear to swing like a pendulum" from one branch to another. Which of the following best describes how these shifts ensure that constitutional government is functional? A Separation of powers divides responsibilities and authority between branches, which allows each branch to be checked by the other two branches to ensure accountability. B The coequal branches have power evenly distributed between them and are not permitted to check another branch of government. C The greatest power resides within the legislative branch of government, but the legislature can give this power to the executive branch. D Each branch of government is elected by the people, which ensures that they all reflect the preferences of the population.

C indicated that a strong, constitutionally designed national government was needed to protect property and maintain order

The importance of Shays' Rebellion to the development of the United States Constitution was that it A revealed the necessity of both adding the Bill of Rights to the Constitution and creating a new system of checks and balances B demonstrated the intensity of antiratification sentiment within the thirteen states C indicated that a strong, constitutionally designed national government was needed to protect property and maintain order D convinced the delegates attending the Constitutional Convention to accept the Connecticut Plan E reinforced the idea that slavery should be outlawed in the new Constitution

B be cautious and deliberate

The legislative process at the national level reflects the intent of the framers of the Constitution to create a legislature that would A be less powerful than the executive B be cautious and deliberate C involve as many citizens as possible D ensure that all groups be equally represented E allow majorities virtually unlimited control over policy

C pluralism

The theory that all interests are and should be free to compete for influence in government, resulting in healthy democratic compromise and balance, is called A elite power politics B socialism C pluralism D rational choice E institutionalism

D A formula for calculating a state's enslaved population for the purposes of representation was enacted.

Which of the following was a direct outcome of the Three-Fifths Compromise? A The number of senators increased in three-fifths of the states with enslaved populations. B Amendments to the United States Constitution required three-fifths of the states to approve. C The presidential winner would be determined by three-fifths of the electors in the Electoral College. D A formula for calculating a state's enslaved population for the purposes of representation was enacted.

D The creation of a strong national government

Which of the following was the most important effect of replacing the Articles of Confederation with the Constitution of 1787? A The protection of free speech B The guarantee of states' rights C The establishment of direct democracy D The creation of a strong national government E The establishment of judicial review

Federalists: pro-Constitution Anti: Anti-constitution

Difference between Federalists and AntiFederalists

C Pluralist democracy, though it involves groups at different stages of the process of developing policy, excludes a significant portion of the population.

The vice of the groupist theory is that it conceals the most significant aspects of the system. The flaw in the pluralist heaven is that the heavenly chorus sings with a strong upper-class accent. Probably about 90 percent of the people cannot get into the pressure system. The notion that the pressure system is automatically representative of the whole community is a myth fostered by the universalizing tendency of modern group theories. Pressure politics is a selective process ill designed to serve diffuse interests. The system is skewed, loaded, and unbalanced in favor of a fraction of a minority. E. E. Schattschneider, The Semisovereign People, 1960 Which of the following best captures the author's argument regarding the forms of democracy? A Pluralist democracy, which seeks to shield elites from popular opinion, functions best when individual citizens do not participate in the process. B Participatory democracy, which emphasizes limited participation, marginalizes those who do not have the economic means to participate. C Pluralist democracy, though it involves groups at different stages of the process of developing policy, excludes a significant portion of the population. D Participatory democracy, which emphasizes expanded participation, creates too much conflict within the system.

E Emphasizes both national sovereignty and federalism.

Unlike the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution does which of the following? A Restricts the ability of Congress to tax. B Restricts the ability of Congress to establish an army or navy. C Establishes a unitary form of government. D Emphasizes state sovereignty over national sovereignty. E Emphasizes both national sovereignty and federalism.

1: congress 2: president 3: SCOTUS 4: states 5: ammending 6: supremecey clause 7: ratification

What are the first 7 articles of Constitution.

B Elite theories argue that a single minority dominates politics in all policy areas; pluralist theories argue that many minorities compete for power in different policy areas.

Which of the following accurately characterizes the main difference between elite theories and pluralist theories of politics in the United States? A Elite theories concentrate on the role of interest groups; pluralist theories emphasize the role of individuals. B Elite theories argue that a single minority dominates politics in all policy areas; pluralist theories argue that many minorities compete for power in different policy areas. C Elite theories argue that social status is the major source of political power; pluralist theories argue that wealth is the major source. D Elite theories emphasize the multiple access points that interest groups have to public officials; pluralist theories stress the limits in the number and effectiveness of such access points. E Elite theories view government as efficient; pluralist theories view it as slow and wasteful.

A Those who seek to represent the people may be tempted to act in their own interests instead.

Which of the following best describes Madison's primary concern about representative government? A Those who seek to represent the people may be tempted to act in their own interests instead. B A truly representative government will quickly become too large to function effectively. C Local government is ineffective because there are not enough competitive factions. D Long term lengths may lead to political representatives who are disengaged from their constituents.

E Division of government authority across political institutions

Which of the following is a fundamental element of the United States Constitution? A Recognition of the centrality of political parties in government B Direct election of members of the executive branch C An executive branch that is more powerful than the legislature D Emphasis on a unitary system of government E Division of government authority across political institutions

D Pluralist democracy

Which of the following is a model of democracy that emphasizes the role of interest groups in advocating for public policy? A Participatory democracy B Elitist democracy C Majoritarian democracy D Pluralist democracy

D The requirement that presidential appointments to the Supreme Court be approved by the Senate

Which of the following is an example of checks and balances, as established by the Constitution? A A requirement that states lower their legal drinking age to eighteen as a condition of receiving funds through federal highway grant programs B Media criticism of public officials during an election campaign period C The Supreme Court's ability to overturn a lower court decision D The requirement that presidential appointments to the Supreme Court be approved by the Senate E The election of the President by the electoral college rather than by direct election

B A rule issued by a bureaucratic agency may be declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

Which of the following is an example of checks and balances? A An unpopular Supreme Court ruling can be overturned by a majority vote of both houses of Congress. B A rule issued by a bureaucratic agency may be declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. C A filibuster in the Senate can be ended with a cloture motion that has the support of 60 senators. D A treaty negotiated by the president with a foreign government must be approved by a majority vote of the House.

A The national government lacked an effective power to raise revenue

Which of the following is commonly identified as a failure of the Articles of Confederation? A The national government lacked an effective power to raise revenue. B The executive branch was granted too much power over the legislature. C The federal government had too much control over interstate commerce. D The judicial branch was elected and did not consistently adhere to rule of law.

C Public policies emerge from compromises reached among competing groups

Which of the following statements reflects a pluralist theory of American politics? A American politics is dominated by a small elite. B Public policies emerge from cooperation among elites in business labor, and government. C Public policies emerge from compromises reached among competing groups D American politics is dominated by cities at the expense of rural areas E The American political arena is made up of isolated individuals who have few group affiliations outside the family.