apes practice

Based on the information above, which ecosystem would most likely recover the fastest from a natural disruption?

Ecosystem B

Which of the following best identifies the author's claim?

a. Acidic water affects the salmon's ability to sense danger from attacking predators by their sense of smell.

Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following islands would most likely have the highest number of species living on it?

a. An island 30 hectares in size that is 30 kilometers off the coast of the mainland

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service that would provide protection from a hurricane storm surge?

b. An intact coastal wetland

Based on current trends and patterns, which of the following statements best predicts how the human population will change over the next 50 years?

b. As the population density increases, there will be an increase in disease transmission, leading to increased mortality.

Based on the data in the graph, what was the average number of children born per woman in less-developed regions in 1975 ?

c.4.7

Which of the age structure diagrams best illustrates a county that has a stable population size and slow or no population growth?

d.D

Which of the following claims is best supported by the data shown in the table above?

b. The owl population experienced population overshoot between 1995 and 2000 because of increased competition for resources

The graphs below show changes in a population over time. The dashed line represents the carrying capacity of the species. Which of the following graphs best shows the population size of a K-selected species over time in a stable environment?

C.

Which statement is best supported by the data in the graph?

Finches with larger beaks were more likely to survive in 1980 because they were able to feed primarily on seeds and nuts during the drought.

Which of the following statements best describes the pattern seen in age structure diagram C

There is an imbalance between males and females, with a ratio of 1.5 men to every woman in the population.

Based on the graph above, which of the following tree species would be the predominant species found during the intermediate stage of succession

Tulip poplar

Which of the following best describes a difference between generalist species and specialist species

a. Generalists use a large range of resources, while specialists have a limited range of resources they use to survive.

Which of the following statements best describes why birth and death rates are changing in a country that is in Phase 2 of the demographic transition?

a. Individuals have better sanitation and access to clean drinking water.

Which of the following best identifies the author's claim?

a. Observed adjustments in the ecological tolerance of a species of reef fish is a result of epigenetic changes.

A country is currently in the second stage of the demographic transition. Currently the country has a birth rate of 37.9 births per 1,000 individuals and a death rate of 13.4 deaths per 1,000 individuals. Which of the following changes would indicate that the country is moving from the second stage into the third stage of the demographic transition?

a. The birth rate declines to 25.3 births per 1,000 individuals.

Which of the following economic consequences to a provisioning ecosystem service will most likely result from increased global warming?

a. The collapse of local fisheries, because of the damage to coral reefs from ocean acidification

Based on the data in the graph, which of the following best describes the change in the population of moths as a result of industrialization?

a. The percentage of dark colored moths increased in the population and the percentage of light-colored moths decreased in the population

The rule of 70 can be used to determine a population's doubling time. Doubling time is a measure of the

a. population growth rate

Based on the graph above, which of the following years postdisturbance did sweetgum experience the greatest biomass?

a.50

In a given country, the population size is decreasing because there are fewer prereproductive-aged individuals in the population. Which of the age structure diagrams best illustrates the population of this country?

a.A

Based on the information above, which ecosystem most likely experienced a recent population bottleneck?

a.Ecosystem A, because its low genetic diversity could have resulted from an event that reduced the variation in the gene pool

An island off the coast of Africa contains a larger percentage of specialist species than generalist species. Which of the following describes the most immediate effect if an invasive generalist species is introduced to the island?

b. As competition for resources increases, the population size of the island's specialist species will decrease.

Which of the following claims best supports the classification of bees as an organism that displays a Type II II survivorship curve, as shown in the graph above?

b. Away from the colony, bees experience a constant probability of death per unit time as a foraging species.

Which of the following best describes the trends in atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature over the past 800,000 years

b. Both atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature have remained about the same over the past 800,000 years.

A scientist is studying a biome that experiences large seasonal fluctuations in both temperature and precipitation patterns. Which of the following would best characterize the organisms that inhabit the biome?

b. Generalists would be most abundant, because the resources available would be constantly changin

Which of the following ecosystem services is categorized as regulating?

b. Pollination, decomposition, and water purification

Researchers monitored the number of reindeer over time on an island off the coast of Alaska. The reindeer were introduced in year 1, and the population size was counted every 5 years. The data are shown in the table above. Which of the following claims about trends in the population size over time is best supported by the data?

b. The population exceeded the carrying capacity of the island, which led to a decrease in the population size following extreme resource depletion.

Which of the following best describes the pattern in the atmospheric CO2 concentration data over the past 200,000 years?

b. fluctuated between 150ppm and 250ppm until recently, when the concentration rose exponentially

Based on the description and the data table above, which of the following combinations best classifies the song sparrow?

b. r-strategist and generalist

Based on the graph above, which of the following years postdisturbance had the greatest species richness?

b.100

Based on the data in the graph, when did more-developed regions first reach replacement level fertility?

b.1970

Which of the following best identifies the author's claim?

c. Anthropogenic disruptions to Earth's resources can have sudden and severe negative consequences to the health of native species, specifically those whose populations are already threatened.

A variety of plants and animals inhabit a forest ecosystem. Which statement correctly explains why certain organisms would be more likely to survive than others if a forest fire burned the area?

c. Generalist species are more likely to survive because they can thrive in a narrow range of environmental conditions and they have a limited diet.

Which of the following density-independent factors can affect the size of a human population?

c. Heat waves

Based on the survivorship curves shown below, which of the following is a possible reason for the change in the shape of the curve from 1900 to 1980?

c. Improvements in health-care services and medical research

The figure presents portions of South America and Africa. Off the coast of South America, Easter Island is indicated, and is 11,600 kilometers away from the mainland. Off the coast of Africa, Madagascar is indicated, and is 1,200 kilometers away from the mainland. The image shows two different islands and the relative distance to the nearest mainland. Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following best predicts the effect of the introduction of an invasive species on Easter Island compared to Madagascar?

c. The native species on Madagascar are more likely to survive because the island is larger and provides a greater diversity of habitats and resources.

Which of the following is a characteristic of an organism that displays a Type III III survivorship curve, as shown in the graph above?

c. The organism produces large numbers of offspring every time it reproduces

Which of the following best describes the change in Antarctic temperature from about 440,000 440 , 000 years ago to about 340,000 340 , 000 years ago?

c. The temperature increases by about 12°C and then decreases by about 12°C .

Which of the following best describes the trends seen in the total fertility rates for the world population from 1950 to the projected rates in 2040 ?

c. Total fertility rates declined rapidly from 1960 to 2000 because women had children later in life as a result of increased educational opportunities

Based on the trends shown in the table, in which of the following years was the owl population at carrying capacity?

c.2015

The demographic transition model describes population change over time as a country becomes more developed. Age-structure diagrams describe how populations are distributed across age ranges. Which of the following age-structure diagrams best displays the age ranges in a country that is in stage 2 of the demographic transition?

d. An expansive pyramid age-structure diagram

Based on the information above, which of the following best describes Ecosystem C?

d. Its low habitat diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has a low number of specialist species and few species that utilize large territories.

Which of the following claims is best supported by the data in the table?

d. The black rhino is a K -selected species because it has a low number of offspring per reproductive event

In the 1970s, the amount of industrial pollution decreased and the trees began to return to their preindustrial appearance. Which of the following graphs best demonstrates the change in the frequencies of light-colored moths and dark-colored moths in the population from 1950 to 2000? The dark-colored moths are represented with a solid line and the light-colored moths are represented with a dashed line.

pic a