Basic of Personal Nutrition

Which of the following products would provide a good source of protein at the lowest cost?

Eggs

A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n) _____________ nutrient.

Essential

Which of the following are major classes of essential nutrients?

Fats & water

Since the _________ Amendment to the US Constitution guarantees freedom of the press and speech, people can provide false nutrition information without representatives.

First

The _______ can regulate nutrition - and health-related claims on product labels, but cannot regulate nutrition and health misinformation in popular media.

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

_______ do not involve the immune system but can cause negative side effects from consumption on certain foods

Food tolerances

Phytochemicals are found in _____________ and provide significant health benefits

Fruits and vegetables

Population studies __________ establish cause and effect relationships between two variables.

Generally not

Which of the following is an inherited factor that influences a person's suspectibility to develop a particular disease.

Genetics

A food allergy is a reaction that occurs when the _______ system reacts to a harmless substance in food.

Immune

A double-blind study design can be useful because ____--

It prevents the researchers and participants from trying to predict or influence outcomes

Match definitions.

Lactovegetarian- Eats milk and milk products, but no animal flesh or eggs Laco-ovovegetarian- Eats milk and milk products plus eggs, but no other animal foods Ovovegetarian- Eats eggs, but no other animal foods Vegan- Eats only plants

A __________- is part of a plant family with pods that contain a single row of seeds, Examples include: peanuts, garden peas, and lentils

Legume

Both overnutrition and under nutrition are considered examples of _______________.

Malnutrition

Which two nutrients do not provide energy for the body?

Minerals & Vitamins

Which of the following ramifications are possible for false claims by product promoters?

Nothing can be done.

Nutrients that have carbon in their chemical structures are called _______.

Organic nutrients

Many children tend to outgrow food allergies by the time they are adults, with which 2 exceptions?

Peanuts and tree nuts

Select populations that are particularly at risk of malnutrition.

People with severe eating disorders People with low incomes People addicted to drugs or alcohol

______ is a major stomach enzyme used for digesting proteins

Pepsin

Match definitions

Peptide bond- chemicals attraction that connects 2 amino acids together Peptides- small chains of amino acids Polypeptides- Proteins comprised of 2 or more amino acids

For healthy adults, the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for ________ is 10-35%

Protein

Weight-loss diets, such as the Atkins diet, encourage high intakes of _____

Protein

Which of the following are considered macronutrients?

Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats

Which of the following are functions of the US Food and Drug Adminstration (FDA)?

Regulating nutrition-related claims on product labels Regulating health-related claims on product labels

Many popular dietary supplements are not helpful and may even be harmful.

True

T or F: A friend's personal experience with a product is known as an anecdote.

True

T or F: Testimonials are not a valid representation of a product's effectiveness.

True

Which of the following would be a recommended snack prior and after a workout in order to provide the necessary carbohydrates and protein?

Turkey sandwich and peanut butter toast

In the US, protein deficiency is ____

Uncommon

______ is another waste product of amino acid metabolism formed from ammonia

Urea

Which nutrients tend to provide more of than the typical American diet?

Vitamain C, Fiber, Potassium

Which nutrient comprises the smallest percentage of the total body of a healthy man or woman?

Vitamins

Health-related problems that children who are deficient in protein may face _______-

Vulnerability to infection, dehydration, weakness

____________ is the most essential nutrient.

Water

Which two options describe situations in which malnutrition can occur?

When people consume nutritionally poor diets and when the body is not properly nourished

Which of the following would be considered an anecdote?

Your best friend telling you about the EAS creatine that increased muscle development.

There are ___________ naturally occurring foods containing 100% protein

Zero

It is unlikely that a peer reviewed article would contain _______.

advertisements.

As soda intake increases, so does the prevalence of ADHA in children. Researchers could conduct an ___________ to learn more about the relationship between soda and ADHA.

experiment

Physicians ________ if they select a product based on financial gain rather than effectiveness of treatment.

face a deal of risk

Advertising, health status, education, occupation, and income are factors that influence ___________

food choices

Many phytochemicals function as antioxidants, protecting body cells from the effects of ______________

free radicals

Which of the following is considered to be a characteristic of autoimmune disease

immune cells attack normal cells

Researchers will often submit their studies to journals for publication rather than a magazine because other specialists in the field, or _____________ ____________, will evaluate the work first.

peer reviewers.

A vegetarian eats a _________ diet

plant-based

Gluten is a group of related _____ found in wheat, barley, and rye.

protein

A person who eats all foods except red meats would be considered a _______-

semivegetarian

Which of the following are micronutrients?

vitamins and minerals

Muscle is mostly comprised of ________-- and ___________

water and protein

Kilocalorie for each of the nutrients in the following food.

1 grams carbohydrates = 4 calories 1 grams fat = 9 calories 1 grams protein = 4 calories

Put the processes of protein digestion in the correct order from start to finish

1. Digested proteins move from the stomach into the small intestine 2. Further digestion occurs as the pancreas secretes protein-splitting enzymes. 3. Final digestion occurs within absorptive cells 4. Amino acids that enter the portal vein and travel to the liver,

How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?

7

What occurs when an essential nutrient is missing from the diet?

A deficiency disease will occur.

__________ is a personal endorsement of a product for which people are usually paid for its use in an advertisement.

A testimonial

Which of the following are examples of nonnutrients?

Alcohol & phytochemicals.

_________ __________- occur within a few minutes to a couple of hours after eating an offensive food,

Allergic reactions