bio 103 ch 12-15 questions

In a cross of Aa Bb cc X Aa Bb Cc, what is the probability of obtaining an indivudual with the genotype of AA Bb Cc

1/16

What is the probability of obtaining an individual with the genotype bb from a cross between two individuals with the genotype Bb

1/4

Japanese four o'clocks that are red and tall are crossed to white short ones, producing an F1 that is pink and tall. If these genes assort independently, and the F1 is self-crossed, what would you predict for the ratio of F2 phenotypes

3 red tall: 6 pink tall: 3 white tall: 1 red short: 2 pink short: 1 white short

How many map units separate two alleles if the recombination frequency is .07?

7cM

chargaff studied the composition of dna from different sources and found that

A=T and G=C

What cellular process is responsible for genetic recombination?

Crossing between homologues.

Which of the following is NOT a part of Mendel's five-element model?

If an allele is present it will be expressed.

Which of the following genotypes due to nondisjunction of sex chromosomes is lethal?

OY

The F1 generation of the monohybrid cross purple (PP) x white (pp) flower pea plants should

all have purple flowers

An organisms ______ is defined by its ______

alleles, prototype

the meselson and stahl experiment used a density label to be able to

distinguish between newly and old replicated strands

basic mechanism of dna replication is semiconservative with two new molecules

each with one new and one old strand

eukaryotic transcription differs from prokaryotic in that

eukaryotes have 3 RNA polymerases

the experiements with nutritional mutants in neurospora by beadle and tatum provided evidence that

genes specify enzymes

What was the key finding from griffiths experiments using live and heat-killed pathogenic bacteria

genetic material can be transferred from dead to live bacteria.

A recessive sex-linked gene in humans leads to a loss of sweat glands. A woman heterozygous for this will

have patch of skin with and wihtout sweat glands

When you cross true-breeding tall and short tobacco plants you get an F1 that is intermediate in height. when this F1 is self-crossed it yields an F2 with a continuous distribution of heights. Whats the best explanation?

height is determined by the additive effects of many genes

succesful DNA synthesis requires

helicase, dna primase, dna ligase

what is the central dogma of molcecular biology

information passes from DNA to RNA to protein

What property distinguished mendels investigation from previous studies

mendel quantified his results

What is the relationship between mutations and evolution

mutations create new alleles

an inversion will

only cause a mutant phenotype if the inversion breakpoints fall with gene

In comparing gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

prokaryotic genes produce more than 1 protein. both produce mRNAS

RNA polymerase binds to a _____ to initiate _____

promoters, transcription

The map distance between two genes is determined by the

recombination frequency

the synthesis of telomeres

requires telmerase, which uses an internal RNA as a template

How does maternal inheritance of mitochondrial genes differ from sex linkage?

since mitochondria are inherited from the mother, females and males are equally affected.

in DNA ligase was removed from replication this would have a greater affect on

synthesis on the lagging strand vs the leading strand

one common featurue of all dna polymerases is that they

synthesize dna in the 5'-to-3' direction

An anticodon would be found on which of the follows types of RNA?

tRNA

Phenotypes like height in humans, which show a continuous distribution, are usually the result of?

the action of multiple genes on a single phenotype

During translation, the codon in mRNA is actually "read" by

the anticodon in tRNA

the enzyme that forms peptide bonds is called peptidyl transferase because it transfers

the growing peptide from a tRNA to the next amino acid

which of the following is not a component of dna?

the pyrimidine uracil

which of the following is not part of the watson-crick model of structure of dna

the two dna strands are oritented in parralell 5-3

Why is the white-eye phenotype always observed in males carrying the white-eye allele?

Because the allele is located on the X chromosome, males only have 1 X

codon CCA could be mutated to produce

a silent mutation

Mendels model assumes that each trait is determined by a single factor with alternate forms. we know this is too simplistic and that

a single gene can affect more than one trait, and traits may be affected by more than one gene

In an organism's genome, autosomes are

all of the chromosomes other than sex chromosomes

the difference in leading- versus legging- strand synthesis is a consquence of

both the phsycial structure of DNA and the action of polymerase enzyme

the splicing process

can produce multiple mRNA's from the same transcript

Down syndrome is the result of trisomy for chromosome 21. whi is this trisomy viable and trisomy for most other chromosomes not?

chromosome 21 is a small chromosome with few genes so this does less to disrupt the genome.

in the gneetic code, one codon

consists 3 bases, and specifies a single amino acid

hershey and chase used radioactive phspourus and sulfur to

differentially label DNA and protein

As real genetic distance increases, the distance calculated by recombination frequency becomes an

underestimate due to multiple crossovers that cannot be scored.

genes that are on the same chromosome can show independent assortment

when they are far enough apart that odd numbers of crossovers is equal to even.