BIO 2K17 UNIT 2: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM /Ovarian Cycle

What happens to the female body when sexual stimulated?

- Labia mantra, vagina wall and clitoris fill with blood - breast swell and nipples become erect - vagina expands - mucus-secreting glands provide lubrication for opening

What does the high levels of progesterone do?

- Thicken the endometrium

Steps of Follicular Phase

1. FSH is secreted to start developing a follicle in the ovary - follicle secretes estrogen causing estrogen levels to INCREASE - estrogen causes secretion GnRH that promotes LH to begin ovulation

Clitoris

A small sensitive and erectile part of the female genitals at the anterior end of the vulva.

Fallopian Tube

A tube that connects the ovary to the uterus. Used to help the egg move towards the uterus

Oocyte

An immature egg cell

Uterine tubes

Conduct oocyte; location of fertilization; transport early zygote

What days does the Follicular take up ?

Day 1-13

What day does Ovulation occur?

Day 14

Cervix

Entrance to the uterus

Once the oocyte ovulates what happens to the follicle?

Everything left in the follicle begins to break down forming a structure called the Corpus Luteum

Vagina

Female organ of intercourse; birth canal

Fimbriae

Fingerlike projection of the uterin (fallopian) tubes that drape over the ovary.

What are the two phases of the Ovarian Cycle?

Follicular Phase and Luteal Phase

Ovaries

Glands that produce the egg cells and hormones estrogen and progesterone

Where does the Ovarian Cycle take place

In the Fallopian tube

Where does Fertilization occur?

In the fallopian tubes

Luteal Phase

Refers to parts of the Ovarian Cycle after ovulation. During this phase, the now-empty follicle produces hormones that are important for reproduction.

Follicular Phase

Refers to the parts of the cycle that occur before ovulation. This is the phase in which oocyte follicles are prepared for ovulation.

What occurs to the female body when pregnancy does not occur?

The Endometrium - Uterine lining sheds ( menstrual cycle )

Endometrium

The lining of the uterus that participates in the formation of the placenta . This lining also varies due to females monthly.

Follicle

The sac in the ovary in which the egg develops

What is the function of the Fimbriae

To direct the ovum to the Fallopian tube.

Uterus

Where the development of the embryo normally takes place.

Why is it important that the hormone progesterone is made?

Without progesterone the female cannot maintain pregnancy

Corpus Luteum

Yellow body. Main job is to make progesterone after egg as left follicle

Ovarian Cycle

controls the growth and release of an egg

What days the Luteal Phase take up

days 15-28

Ovulation

process in which an egg is released from the ovary