Cellular Respiration

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how many ATP are produced in the krebs cycle per molecule of pyruvic acid?

1

name the three stages of respiration in the order in which they occur

1. glycolysis 2. krebs cycle 3. ETC

the total number of NADH entering the ETC is?

10

the fate of pyruvic depends on the presence or absence of oxygen. in the presence of oxygen, pyruvic will be used in {14}, but in the absence of oxygen, pyruvic will enter {15}

14. mitochondria 15. fermentation

the purpose of the coenzymes NAD and FAD is to carry {16} ions to the stage of respiration called {17}

16. high-energy electron 17. ETC

during glycolysis, glucose is the first converted into molecules of {19} and then further converted into the end product called {20}

19. PGAL 20. pyruvic acid

how many ATP are produced for each FADH2 that enters the ETC?

2

how many NADH are produced in glycolysis?

2

the total number of FADH2 entering the ETC is?

2

in glycolysis, {27} ATP are actually produced, but {28} ATP are used to start the reaction, giving a net gain of {29}ATP

27. 4 28. 2 29. 2

for each molecule of pyruvic acid going through respiration, how many molecules of carbon dioxide are produced?

3

how many ATP are produced for each NADH that enters the ETC?

3

what is the total number of ATP that can be produced per one molecule of glucose?

38

the high energy electrons being carried by {41} and {42} are passed from one protein to the next.

41. NAD+ 42. FAD

at the end of the ETC, the electrons and hydrogen will be combined with {43} to form {44}.

43. oxygen 44. water

at each step, a small amount of energy is released. this energy is used to pump {45} ions across the membrane from the {46} to the {47} space.

45. hydrogen 46. matrix 47. membrane

hydrogen ions flow through this enzyme, turning a rotor. Each rotation attaches a phosphate to {49} to form {50}.

49. ADP 50. ATP

this type of respiration performed by the yeast is called {54}. this process occurs when there is no {55} available. in this process, pyruvic acid is converted into molecules of {56}. this process is important to the baking industry. the bread dough rises when {57} is produced during this type of respiration.

54. alcohol fermentation 55. oxygen 56. ethyl alcohol 57. carbon dioxide

the process that occurs in muscle cells that causes cramping is called {58}. this occurs during periods of strenuous exercise. the cells have to quickly convert glucose to {59} which uses up all the {60} available to the cells. pyruvic acid is then converted to {61} which lowers the pH in the muscle causing cramping.

58. lactic acid fermentation 59. ATP 60. oxygen 61. lactic acid

how many total NADH are produced in the krebs cycle per molecule of glucose?

6

also embedded in the mitochondrial membranes are enzymes called {48}.

ATP synthase

the purpose of the krebs cycle is to churn out molecules of what three types (excluding waste products)?

ATP, NADH, FADH2

what is the equation for respiration? [NEED TO KNOW # OF MOLECULES IN EQUATION]

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP(energy).

the type of respiration that does require oxygen

aerobic

while photosynthesis occurs only in green plants, respiration occurs in

all living things

the type of respiration that does not require oxygen

anaerobic

respiration will take the products of photosynthesis and convert them into

carbon dioxide and oxygen

the process of converting glucose to ATP is called?

cellular respiration

what is the name of the coenzyme that will carry acetate into the krebs cycle

coenzyme A

in what part of the mitochondria does the ETC occur?

cristae

the ETC is a series of proteins embedded in the {40} of the mitochondria.

cristae

the collection of folded membranes that are found inside the mitochondria are called?

cristae

photosynthesis produces two products

glucose and oxygen

the stage of respiration that takes place in the cytoplasm

glycolysis

energy exits the ecosystem in the form of

heat

name two stages of respiration that are aerobic.

krebs cycle and ETC

in what part of the mitochondria does the krebs cycle occur?

matrix

energy flows into an ecosystem in the form of

sunlight

at the end of the ETC, hydrogen will be bonded to oxygen to form?

water


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