CH 6

Last year a firm had an average inventory of $1,500,000 and the cost of goods sold was $3,750,000. What was the days-of-supply last year? 146 124 300 155

146

There are _______________ dimensions depicted on a product-process matrix. dimensions depicted on a product-process matrix.

2

Which of the following is not a step required to make a good? Making Decoupling Delivering Sourcing

Decoupling

In a project layout, a high degree of __________ is common. workcenter design assembly line work process cell formation task ordering

task ordering

A production process map is built by tracking the flow of material through the system. determining where inventory is purchased. identifying where value is added to materials. identifying where labor is utilized.

tracking the flow of material through the system.

The _______________ relationship identifies the restrictions imposed by product design and process technologies. relationship identifies the restrictions imposed by product design and process technologies.

precedence

True or false: Typically, there is a trade-off where quicker response to customer demand comes at the expense of greater inventory investment.

True

The point in the supply chain where inventory is positioned to allow the preceding processes to operate independently is the manufacturing independence point. forecast level. customer order independence point. customer order decoupling point.

customer order decoupling point.

The calculated theoretical number of workstations should be ____________________. greater than three. rounded up to the next highest integer. calculated using the first task. rounded down to the nearest integer.

rounded up to the next highest integer.

Which of the following type of work flow is appropriate when production volume is high? Assembly line Manufacturing cell Workcenter Project layout

Assembly line

True or false: Manufacturing processes are used to make tangible goods.

True

Which of the following equations is correct for calculating the required workstation cycle time? (Required output per day)/(Production time per day) (Production time per day)/(Required output per day) (Sum of task times)/(Required output per day) (Production time per day)/(Sum of task times)

(Production time per day)/(Required output per day)

Which of the following products would use a project layout? Bridge Laptop Automobile Mass produced toy

Bridge

The long-term relationship between inventory, throughput, and flow time is mathematically related using _______________'s law. The long-term relationship between inventory, throughput, and flow time is mathematically related using 's law.

Little

Which statement is true regarding differences between service and manufacturing organizations? Manufacturing organizations must plan and hold inventory. Service organizations produce tangible goods. Service organizations have higher inventory costs.

Manufacturing organizations must plan and hold inventory.

Which work flow structure is appropriate for a process with great flexibility to produce a variety of products? Workcenter Continuous process Manufacturing cell Project layout

Workcenter

Firms invest in lean manufacturing programs in order to assemble products after a customer has placed an order. ensure that products are highly customized. achieve high customer service with minimum levels of inventory investment. design products after a customer has placed an order.

achieve high customer service with minimum levels of inventory investment.

Workcenters with large amounts of interdepartmental traffic are often placed adjacent to each other. far away from each other. in areas where few machines are located. near exits.

adjacent to each other.

The practice of achieving high levels of customer service with a minimal inventory investment is known as _______________ manufacturing. The practice of achieving high levels of customer service with a minimal inventory investment is known as manufacturing.

lean

Standardization on the product-process matrix refers to the amount of product being produced. the volume the process is designed to produce. raw materials shared between processes. variations in the product.

variations in the product.

Standardization on the product-process matrix refers to variations in the product. the amount of product being produced. the volume the process is designed to produce. raw materials shared between processes.

variations in the product.

When parts are moved on a conveyor that passes a series of workstations in a uniform time interval, this is called the ___________________. workstation cycle time assembly-line balance assembly-line design workstation task

workstation cycle time

The efficiency of an assembly-line balance must always be less than or equal to _______________ %. The efficiency of an assembly-line balance must always be less than or equal to %.

100

A computer manufacturer offers 3 types of hard disk drives, 2 types of monitors, 4 types of batteries, and 5 choices of operating systems. How many total combinations are possible using these choices? 60 90 120 150

120

Last year a firm had an average inventory of $1,500,000 and the cost of goods sold was $3,750,000. What was the inventory turn last year? 1.0 3.5 2.0 2.5

2.5

An assembly line must produce 1,000 units in an 8 hour day. Assuming the line operates continuously, what is the required workstation cycle time? 57.6 seconds 28.8 seconds 35.5 seconds 60.0 seconds

28.8 seconds

If the sum of all task times is 100 seconds and the required cycle time is 21 seconds, what is the theoretical minimum number of workstations? 5 4 4.76 5.23

5

For an assembly-line system with 6 workstations, the cycle time is 27 seconds and the sum of task times is 120 seconds. What is the efficiency of this balance? 81.1% 74.1% 77.2% 71.0%

74.1%

Which of the following is NOT true about a workcenter layout? In a workcenter layout, machines with similar functions are grouped together. A workcenter layout is also called a job shop. A workcenter layout can produce a wide variety of products. A workcenter layout is commonly used for systems with high production volumes.

A workcenter layout is commonly used for systems with high production volumes.

Which common layout format refers to the progressive build of a product? Assembly line Manufacturing cell Project layout Workcenter

Assembly line

Which layout moves product from workstation to workstation at a controlled rate? Assembly line Retail layout Continuous process U-shaped layout

Assembly line

Which the following describes the layout for items produced through a fixed sequence of workstations? Manufacturing cell Assembly line Project Workcenter

Assembly line

With which of the following goods would a continuous process be used? Computers Houses Chemicals Cars

Chemicals

Which process layout is best used for manufacturing liquids? Project Continuous Manufacturing Cell Assembly line

Continuous

Which of the following statements about inventory measures is TRUE? Multiple select question. Days-of-supply measures how long (on average) a firm's inventory can support sales. Total average inventory is the best measure of inventory. Inventory turn and days-of-supply are unrelated measures. Inventory turn compares cost of goods sold to average inventory.

Days-of-supply measures how long (on average) a firm's inventory can support sales. Inventory turn compares cost of goods sold to average inventory.

Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of developing a manufacturing cell? Determine which machines perform the same process. Physically regroup machines into cells. Group parts into families that follow a common sequence of steps. Identify dominant flow patterns for each family.

Determine which machines perform the same process.

True or false: The total work at a workstation is equal to the sum of all tasks to complete a product.

False

Which are characteristics of a continuous process line? Multiple select question. Highly automated machinery is used. Product is moved from one workstation to the next workstation in a sequence of events. Shutdowns can be expensive. May operate 24 hours a day.

Highly automated machinery is used. Shutdowns can be expensive. May operate 24 hours a day.

Little's law relates inventory, throughput rate, and flow time as Inventory = Throughput rate x Flow time Inventory x Throughput rate = Flow time Flow time = Inventory + Throughput rate Inventory = Throughput rate + Flow time

Inventory = Throughput rate x Flow time

The issue of balancing the level of finished inventory against the level of service to the customer occurs in which type of firm? Assemble-to-order Make-to-stock Engineer-to-order Make-to-order

Make-to-stock

Which type of firm invests in lean manufacturing programs in order to improve customer service levels for a given inventory investment? Make-to-order Engineer-to-order Make-to-stock Assemble-to-order

Make-to-stock

Which layout format groups machines to work on products that have similar processing requirements? Manufacturing cell Project layout Assembly line Workcenter

Manufacturing cell

Which layout format groups machines to work on products that have similar processing requirements? Project layout Workcenter Assembly line Manufacturing cell

Manufacturing cell

Identify the true statements about assembly-line and continuous process layouts. Multiple select question. In an assembly line, the stations are completely independent of each other. Often, the item being produced in a continuous process is a liquid or chemical that actually flows through the system. In an assembly line, a product goes through a progressive set of steps. In a continuous process, a product moves continuously through the process.

Often, the item being produced in a continuous process is a liquid or chemical that actually flows through the system. In an assembly line, a product goes through a progressive set of steps. In a continuous process, a product moves continuously through the process.

Rank the production process layouts from lowest- to highest-volume (top to bottom). Manufacturing cell Project Workcenter Assembly line

Project Workcenter Manufacturing cell Assembly line

In which production system does the product remain in one place while resources (such as workers or equipment) travel to the product when needed? Workcenter layout Project layout Assembly line Cellular layout

Project layout

_____________ techniques are typically used to manage production processes that follow a project layout structure. Made-to-stock Lean manufacturing Project management Bulk inventory

Project management

Which of the following is not a step in the process to balance an assembly line? Calculate the efficiency of the balance. Randomly assign tasks to workstations. Determine the theoretical number of workstations. Determine the required workstation cycle time.

Randomly assign tasks to workstations.

Which of the following describes the step where parts are procured from one or more suppliers? Sourcing Delivering Decoupling Making

Sourcing

Place the steps associated with the production process into order (from first to last). Sourcing Making Delivering

Sourcing Making Delivering

Match each inventory measure with its definition. Total average value of inventory Inventory turn Days-of-supply Cost of goods sold/Average inventory Average Inventory/Cost of goods sold x 365 Sum of raw materials, work-in-progress, and finished goods inventory

Total average value of inventory: Sum of raw material, work-in-process, and finished goods inventory Inventory turn: Cost of goods sold/Average inventory Days-of-supply: Average inventory/Cost of goods sold x 365

True or false: The longest required task time often defines the shortest possible workstation cycle time for production.

True

A _______________ line layout can increase operator access and improve workstation time. line layout can increase operator access and improve workstation time.

U-shaped

Which of the following is not a way to reduce the required time for a task? Work overtime Share the task among several workstations Use a less skilled worker Product redesign

Use a less skilled worker

Which of the following is one of the dimensions depicted on a product-process matrix? Service Time Cost Volume

Volume

A flexible line layout may improve assembly-line balance by decreasing operator interactions. placing workstations in a straight line layout. increasing task times. allowing work sharing among employees.

allowing work sharing among employees.

An _______________ _______________ arranges processes according to the sequence of steps by which the product is manufactured. arranges processes according to the sequence of steps by which the product is manufactured.

assembly line

Customer order decoupling points Multiple select question. can impact inventory investment. determine lead times. are not a necessary supply chain production process. allow manufacturers to see every customer purchase.

can impact inventory investment. determine lead times.

Lead time can vary based on ______. Multiple select question. the total inventory costs. customization of the product being produced. location of the manufacturing facility. the amount of customer satisfaction.

customization of the product being produced. location of the manufacturing facility.

A manufacturing cell is generally made up of ___________ machines. dissimilar similar identical

dissimilar

Inventory turn is calculated by dividing average inventory value by cost of goods sold. dividing cost of goods sold by average inventory value. multiplying cost of goods sold by 52 weeks. multiplying cost of goods sold by average inventory.

dividing cost of goods sold by average inventory value.

The required workstation cycle time is determined by dividing the production time per day by the required output per day. dividing required output per day by the production time per day. multiplying the production time per day by the required output per day. observing the process to determine its current cycle time.

dividing the production time per day by the required output per day.

A firm that works with the customer to design a product but has less control over materials and steps in manufacturing until the product has been designed is known as a(n) _______________-to-order. A firm that works with the customer to design a product but has less control over materials and steps in manufacturing until the product has been designed is known as a(n) -to-order.

engineer

The time required to respond to a customer order is known as response period. lead time. response time. order time.

lead time.

A map showing the flow of materials through a manufacturing system is known as a _______________-to-_______________ process map. A map showing the flow of materials through a manufacturing system is known as a -to- process map.

make stock

Firms whose product is built directly from raw materials and components in response to a customer are known as engineer-to-order. make-to-stock. assemble-to-order. make-to-order.

make-to-order.

A _______________ _______________ layout uses dedicated areas for production of similar products. layout uses dedicated areas for production of similar products.

manufacturing cell

When attempting to balance an assembly-line, the amount of idle time across workstations should be _________________. maximized minimized the projected monthly sales unimportant

minimized

If inventory turn is known, days-of-supply is calculated by multiplying the inverse of inventory turn by 365 days. dividing the inventory turn by 365 days. multiplying the inventory turn by 365 days. multiplying the inventory turn by 12 months.

multiplying the inverse of inventory turn by 365 days.

In an assemble-to-order system, the total number of unique combinations possible is calculated by multiplying the number of options for each choice together. determining the number of options offered for the most popular item. adding the number of choices together. adding the number of options for each choice together.

multiplying the number of options for each choice together.

Workcenters are often structured _______________ to the movement of material. Workcenters are often structured to the movement of material.

optimize

On an assembly-line, the order in which tasks must be performed is called the __________. successor relationship precedence relationship workstation order path

precedence relationship

The ______________-_______________ matrix shows when different production process types are used in relation to product volume and standardization. matrix shows when different production process types are used in relation to product volume and standardization.

product process

A framework depicting when the different production process types are typically used depending on volume and standardization is known as the product-volume matrix. process-cost matrix. process-time matrix. product-process matrix.

product-process matrix.

To determine the required workstation cycle time, an analyst needs to know the _______________ _______________ per day and the required _______________ per day (in units). To determine the required workstation cycle time, an analyst needs to know the per day and the required per day (in units).

production time output

In a _______________ layout, machines are grouped according to type or function and parts travel to the appropriate location for processing. layout, machines are grouped according to type or function and parts travel to the appropriate location for processing.

workcenter

The time between successive units coming off the end of an assembly line is referred to as assembly-line balancing. line balancing. process flow. workstation cycle time.

workstation cycle time.