Ch. 7-9
Each of the two pectoral girdles consists of a humerus and a scapula.
False
In a male, the pelvic inlet and outlet are narrow and the pubic angle is greater than 90°.
False
Despite the females need to carry a developing human, the male's pelvis is larger and heavier.
True
In women of childbearing age, the dimensions of the true pelvis are of utmost importance.
True
Hallux valgus is an angulation of the great toe away from the midline of the body, resulting in a bony protrusion at the base of the great toe. This deformity is also known to the laymen as a(n) .
bunion
Which of the following would help reduce friction between a bone and overlying skin?
bursa
The largest of the tarsal bones is the:
calcaneus
The skeletal system protects the brain. The bones that make up the skull are collectively called the
cranium
Damage to which of the following ligaments would likely be associated with displacement of the mandible?
lateral ligament
The auditory ossicles and the ____________ are the only movable bones of the skull.
mandible
The medial and lateral condyles of the femur articulate with the:
medial and lateral condyles of the tibia
Which carpal bone is the most lateral, in the proximal row and is frequently fractured?
scaphoid
Which of the bones below is not part of a pair of bones?
sphenoid
The ____________ suture is indicated by 2.
squamous
Your patient is a 60-year-old man who is an accomplished distance runner, but is starting to show signs of damage to his knees and hips. Determine which of the following is the most useful recommendation to help support joint health.
switch aerobic activity from running to swimming
The pubic ____________ is a slightly movable joint that connects the right and left pubis bones at the midline of the body.
symphysis
The periodontal ligament is a
syndesmosis that connects a tooth to its socket*
In a car accident, Ryan sustained significant damage to the acetabulum on the right side. Arthroplasty to address this is best described as
total hip replacement
A baseball pitcher reports pain along the medial part of his elbow, especially when his arm accelerates forward towards the batter. Which component of the elbow joint is likely responsible?
ulnar collateral ligament
Cartilaginous joints include a
synchondrosis
Joints that are functional diarthroses include the
vertebrocostal joints
Ribs number ________ to _____ are connected directly to the sternum by cartilage and are called the true ribs.
1-7
The articulation between which two bones allows you to move your head side to side as if to say "no"?
C1 and C2
The three pelvic bones fuse in a human at the onset of puberty.
False
When a herniated disc occurs, which portion of the intervertebral disc protrudes posteriorly and may put pressure on the spinal cord and/or spinal nerves?
Nucleus Pulposus
In pregnant females, a cesarean section is often planned when the pelvic cavity is too small to permit passage of a baby.
True False
The hyoid bone is located in the anterior neck between the mandible and larynx.
True False
The hyoid bone is also known as the first cervical vertebra of the spine.
True False
The cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal are regions of the:
Upper Limb B. Lower Limb C. Vertebral Column D. Appendicular Skeleton
The vertebra, ____________, has a process called a dens that allows for rotational movement.
a) C2 b) C1 c) C7 d) T1
If a male patient presents with a broken rib, he may have difficulty breathing. Select all of the ways that a breakdown in the skeletal system has impacted the respiratory system.
a) The muscles for breathing attach to the ribs. b) the skeletal system provides calcium as an important oxygen transporter in the blood c) the axial skeleton protects the thorax d) the skeletal system provides magnesium as an important carbon dioxide transporter in the blood
The __________________belong(s) to the pectoral girdle. Select all that apply.
a) clavicle and scapula b) sacroiliac joint c) glenohumeral joint d) acromioclavicular joint e) sternoclavicular joint
If you are examining a vertebra and note that it has a bifid spinous process, which type of vertebra must it be?
a) coccygeal b) thoracic c) cervical d) lumbar
The clavicle articulates with the _______________ of the scapula.
a) coracoid process b) acromion c) glenoid cavity d) manubrium
Following a playground accident, little Johnny was told he broke his patella. Check all of the impairments from this accident.
a) decrease protection of the remainder of the knee joint b) instability of the leg when the knee is bent c) increased mobility d) increase in the force of the quadriceps muscles
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis might experience which of the following symptoms? Select all that apply.
a) degeneration of articular cartilage b) pain c) swelling d) bilateral loss of joint function e) inflamed synovial membranes
The tilting angle of the female femur is _________ than that of the male because the female pelvis is broader.
a) equal b) greater or lesser depending on the age of the female c) lesser d) greater
A hip fracture most commonly refers to a break in the
a) femur b) ilium c) pubis d) ischium
Which weight-bearing long bone is the most frequently fractured and is also the most frequent site of an open (compound) fracture?
a) fibula b) humerus c) femur d) tibia
Following a playground accident, little Johnny was told that the outside of the ankle joint had been crushed. The bone that has been injured is the
a) fibula b) tibia c) calcaneus d) femur
A shallow depression on a bone is a/an
a) fossa b) crest c) meatus d) epicondyle
The pelvic axis is the imaginary line that curves
a) from the ischial tuberosities to the pelvic inlet b) through the true pelvis from the central of the plane of the pelvic inlet to the central point of the plane of the pelvic outlet c) from the tip of the pubic symphysis to the highest point of the sacrum d) from the tip of the pubic symphysis to the inferior portion of the coccyx
In preparation to give an intramuscular injection to the lateral thigh, you feel for which landmark?
a) gluteal tuberosity b) greater trochanter c) lesser trochanter d) lateral epicondyle
Which fibrous joint(s) is/are synarthroses? Select all that apply.
a) gomphosis b) pubic symphysis c) interosseous membrane between tibia and fibula d) syndesmosis at distal tibiofibular joint e) coronal suture in an adult
The pubic arch of a female pelvis is
a) greater than 90 degrees b) almost 90 degrees c) absent d) less than 90 degrees
If you break the lateral bone of your forearm, you have fractured your
a) humerus b) ulna c) radius d) olecranon
When sitting on someone's lap, discomfort can be caused to their thighs due to the
a) ischial tuberosities b) coccyx c) ischial spines d) pubic tubercles
Which of the following sutures is the most anterior?
a) lambdoid b) squamous c) coronal d) parietal
You're looking at a bone that has a diaphysis and two epiphyses. What kind of bone is this?
a) long bone b) irregular bone c) flat bone d) short bone
Through which of the following foramina does a branch of the occipital artery pass?
a) mental b) mastoid c) rotundum d) occipital
Endochondral ossification is the formation of bone within
a) mesenchyme b) hyaline cartilage c) fibrocartilage d) epithelial tissue
Which of the following factors helps prevent dislocations at the coxal joint? Select all that apply.
a) muscles covering the joint b) depth of the articulation c) strength of the articular capsule d) degree of movement at the joint e) strong ligaments connecting bones
Your patient was diagnosed with osteosarcoma of the left femur. Which part of her skeleton is directly affected by this diagnosis?
a) neither the appendicular nor the axial skeleton b) both the appendicular and axial skeletons c) the appendicular skeleton but not the axial skeleton d) the axial skeleton but not the appendicular skeleton
Mesenchymal cells are
a) nervous tissue cells b) muscular tissue cells c) connective tissue cells d) epithelial tissue cells
The male pelvis has a/an
a) oval obturator foramen b) wide and more oval pelvic brim c) narrower pelvic outlet d) shallow false pelvis
The muscular system relies on which ion stored in the skeletal system to contract?
a) phosphorus b) potassium c) chloride d) calcium
Your patient is a rugby player who injured his knee. He is diagnosed with an unhappy triad and wants to know which parts of the knee joint are involved. Choose the appropriate parts from the list below.Select all that apply.
a) posterior cruciate ligament b) arcuate popliteal ligament c) lateral meniscus d) fibular collateral ligament e) tibial collateral ligament f) anterior cruciate ligament g) medial meniscus
Which of the following types of movements would be allowed at the joint seen in this picture? Select all that apply.
a) protraction b) abduction c) rotation d) extension e) supination
A disc of fibrocartilage that increases in flexibility during labor is the
a) pubic symphysis b) obturator membrane c) sacroiliac joint d) acetabulum
Which of the following are effects of pregnancy on the female? Select all that apply.
a) relaxation of the pubic symphysis b) increase in the size of the obturator foramen c) altered center of gravity due to enlarged uterus in the pelvic cavity d) narrowing in the size of the false pelvis
Determine which part of the thorax articulates with the appendicular skeleton.
a) rib 1 b) body of sternum c) xiphoid process d) manubrium
Which of the following choices list ribs that all participate in sternocostal joints?
a) ribs 7 and 8 only b) ribs 6, 7, and 8 c) ribs 11 and 12 d) ribs 6 and 7 only
Which movement does not belong in this group?
a) rotation b) abduction c) flexion d) circumduction
The clavicle is ________ and ________ curved in males than females.
a) rougher; more b) rougher; less c) smoother; less d) smoother; more
In the upper limb, which of the following is located most medially?
a) scaphoid b) distal phalanx #5 c) trapezium d) distal phalanx #1
The notochord stimulates mesenchymal cells to form the following. Select all that apply.
a) skull bones b) nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc c) bodies of the vertebra d) facial bones e) annulus fibrosis of the intervertebral disc
What is the term for an abnormal lateral curve of the vertebral column?
a) spina bifida b) kyphosis c) lordosis d) scoliosis
In anatomical position, the trochlea is located ________ to the capitulum.
a) superior b) inferior c) laterally d) medially
An intertarsal joint would connect the
a) talus and calcaneus b) talus and tibia c) calcaneus and first (medial) cuneiform d) cuboid and first (medial) cuneiform
The bone on the lab bench in front of you is an adult bone made of two parallel plates of compact bone. If you do a study of this bone's anatomy, what else would you expect to find? Select all that apply.
a) the bone would contain spongy bone inside b) the bone would not be fully ossified c) the bone would contain red bone marrow d) the bone would not contain spongy bone
Which characteristic is unique to thoracic vertebrae?
a) thick intervertebral discs b) articular facets for ribs c) one vertebral foramen d) large transverse processes
While preparing to arm wrestle, your arm is placed on a table with your hand pointing upwards and your elbow against the surface. Which of the following is touching the table?
a) trochlea b) olecranon c) capitulum d) coronoid process
The true pelvis contains the
a) uterus in females b) ovaries in females c) lower intestines d) rectum
The bridge of a pair of glasses rests upon the __________ bones.
a) zygomatic b) nasal c) lacrimal d) maxillary
On which bone would you find the zygomatic process?
a) zygomatic b) temporal c) frontal d) maxilla
"Jumping jack" exercises and making "snow angels" are both examples of
abduction and adduction
Which of the following would be an important criterion for classifying a joint by its function?
ability to move freely
The clavicle articulates laterally with the ________.
acromion
The treatment of gout often requires
allopurinol
Your patient has a severely damaged shoulder joint due to years of being a professional baseball player. Which of the following procedures might you recommend?
arthroplasty
Carbon dioxide and wastes pass from chondrocytes of _______ into synovial fluid and then into veins.
articular cartilage
Which vertebrae supports the skull and allows the movement signifying yes?
atlas
People who are bedridden for long periods of time often experience muscular
atrophy, which leads to decreased joint range of motion
Damage to which skeletal subdivision, would compromise the spinal cord?
axial
The odontoid process is found on the vertebra called ____________
axis
The shapes of the articulating bones at a condyloid joint are considered to be
complementary
How does the glenoid labrum help to stabilize the shoulder joint?
deepens and enlarges the cavity that receives the head of the humerus
The temporomandibular joint performs movements like
depression and elevation of the mandible
Which of the following motions at the hip joint is limited by tension of the iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral ligaments?
drawing a leg back as if preparing to kick a soccer ball
The position of an epicondyle in relation to the condyle is that the epicondyle would be inferior to the condyle.
false
The acetabulum functions to articulate with which bone of the appendicular system?
femur
Which connective tissues are involved in the articulation found in a symphysis?
fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage*
Dense irregular connective tissue without a synovial cavity would be found connecting the bones involved in which type of joint?
fibrous
The membranous neurocranium will form the
flat bones that make up the roof and sides of the skull
The elbow joint allows ______________________ of the forearm.
flexion and extension
Ribs that are not attached to the sternum at their anterior costal cartilages are known as
floating (vertebral) ribs
Which of these would allow the passage of nerves or arteries through bone?
foramen
As the spinal cord exits the cranium, it passes through a large opening in the occipital bone called the __________.
foramen magnum
Which of these is a cranial bone?
frontal
Which type of movement is permitted at the joints between the sternum and 6th pair of ribs?
gliding
The majority of the movement of the knee joint is related to its structure as a
hinge joint that permits flexion and extension
Elbow, ankle, and interphalangeal joints are
hinge joints
Tilting the head back to gaze up at the night sky is an example of
hyperextension
A person with the early stages of osteoarthritis would experience which of the following problems?
inflammation of the articular cartilage
Which of the following statements is not correct about the hyoid bone?
it articulates with the temporal bone
Which happens to the frontal (metopic) suture as a person grows up?
it becomes a synostosis
Which carpal bone means pea-shaped?
pisiform
The intertarsal joints are
plane joints that permit gliding movements
Where would you find the prepatellar bursa?
posterior to the skin and anterior to the patella
A girl suffers a dislocation of the radial head when she is swung around in circles by her outstretched arms. The rupture of which of the following structures commonly occurs with this type of dislocation?
radial anular ligament
Which of the following is a common effect of aging on the joints?
reduced production of synovial fluid
Which of these bones is a part of the axial skeleton?
ribs
Which two bones are NOT united by an interosseous membrane?
sacrum and ilium
The action of waving your hand in a goodbye gesture involves gliding movements between the carpals of the wrist. The joints between these bones are therefore classified as ____________________ structurally and ____________________ functionally.
synovial; diarthrosis
Which bones form the temporomandibular joint?
temporal and mandible
Which bones form the skeleton of the hand?
the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges
Which bony landmark can be felt and seen, and is commonly used to help determine where to give an intramuscular injection on the lateral surface of the thigh? the lateral epicondyle
the greater trochanter
The shoulder joint is the most flexible joint in the body, but which of the following gives it most of its strength?
the muscles that cross the joint
Ribs articulate with ________ vertebrae.
thoracic